Conceptual framework
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The document defines and discusses conceptual frameworks. It notes that a conceptual framework 1) explains graphically or in narrative form the key factors, concepts or variables in what is being studied and the relationships between them, 2) represents a way of thinking about a problem or study, and 3) sets the stage for presenting a research question based on a problem statement. A conceptual framework identifies relevant variables, defines them, and shows tentative relationships between dependent and independent variables. It can take the form of equations, diagrams, or descriptions. The development of a conceptual framework is an iterative process that is revisited and revised throughout a research study.
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Conceptual framework
- 1. Conceptual Framework Achyut Raj Pandey Research Officer Nepal Health Research Council
- 2. What is a conceptual framework? A written or visual presentation that: -explains either graphically, or in narrative form, the main things to be studied – the key factors, concepts or variables -and the presumed relationship among them.
- 3. Conceptual framework represents way of thinking about a problem or a study or way of representing how complex things are. Bordage, 2009 • Its like lighthouse
- 4. The conceptual framework “sets the stage” for the presentation of the particular research question that drives the investigation being reported based on the problem statement. McGaghie et al. (2001)
- 5. The conceptualization part of the research process might well be called the thinking part of the research while the factual part of the research process is more related to the doing aspect.
- 6. Conceptual framework should cover • Establishment of the tentative relationships between the dependent and independent variables included in the study. • Visualizing conceptual causal threads to form a representation of inter-relatedness among the identified issues or variables.
- 7. Conceptual framework should cover • What are the assumptions? What are the relationships? • Identification of possible answers to the research questions? How are the possible answers to the question explained and defended?
- 8. Where does the conceptual framework fit in - Research? • Research problem: • Aims and objectives: • Literature review: • Conceptual framework: • Research questions: • Data collection and analysis: • Interpretation of the results: • Evaluation of the research: The issue of theoretical or practical interest. What we want to know and how the answer may be built up. A critical and evaluative review of the thoughts and experiences of others. Provides the structure/content for the whole study based on literature and personal experience Specific questions that require answers. Methodology, methods and analysis. Making sense of the results. Revisit conceptual framework.
- 9. Purpose • Identify relevant variables • Define variables • Have an idea of analysis
- 10. 5 purposes Prof. Roger Vaughan, 2008 • The ability to move beyond description to explanation of why and how • A means of setting out an explanation set that might be used to define and make sense of the data flow • Filtering tool for selecting appropriate research question and related data collection methods • A reference point /structure for discussion of literature , methodology and results • Identifying boundaries of work
- 11. Concepts and theories A theory is used in the broad sense to refer to an abstraction which summarizes and explains phenomena. Concepts are mental images or ideas relating to phenomena or objects that share common properties.
- 12. Conceptual framework and Theoretical Framework Conceptual Framework Theoretical Framework Genesis Created from a variety of conceptual and theoretical perspectives Adapted from existing theory Conceptual Meaning Synthesis of relevant concepts Application of a theory as a whole or in part Underlining process Inductive Deductive
- 13. How to draw a conceptual framework? • If you drew a picture of your statistical model, this would be a conceptual framework because it visualizes the variables and how they are related. • Generally Framework may include one outcome and multiple hypothesized associated factors
- 14. Steps in developing conceptual framework 1. Identifying the relevant concepts. 2. Defining those concepts. 3. Operationalising the concepts. 4. Identifying any moderating or intervening variables. 5. Identifying the relationship between variables.
- 15. How does it look? It can take the form of Equation or a diagram or may simply description of how the variables are related. Diagram may take the form of • Overlapping domains framework • Sequential framework • Ecological framework
- 16. Conceptual framework as an equation Diarrhea= ß1(Age)+ ß2(Sex)+ß3(Toilet)+ ß4(Water)
- 17. Conceptual framework as Overlapping domains
- 18. Conceptual framework as Overlapping domains Hair fall
- 19. Conceptual framework as sequential diagram
- 21. Figure 1. Conceptual framework on the relationship between malnutrition, infections and poverty. Rytter MJH, Kolte L, Briend A, Friis H, Christensen VB (2014) The Immune System in Children with Malnutrition—A Systematic Review. PLoS ONE 9(8): e105017. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0105017 http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0105017
- 22. Conceptual framework as ecological model • Dahlberg LL, Krug EG. Violence-a global public health problem. In: Krug E, Dahlberg LL, Mercy JA, Zwi AB, Lozano R, eds. World Report on Violence and Health. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2002:1–56 Ref: Dahlberg LL, Krug EG. Violence-a global public health problem. In: Krug E, Dahlberg LL, Mercy JA, Zwi AB, Lozano R, eds. World Report on Violence and Health. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2002:1–56
- 23. Example: Conceptual framework as ecological model Violence against women
- 24. Development of conceptual framework is an iterative process, develop once and keep revising as you move on
- 25. Thank You
Editor's Notes
- #17: ∑(TC/N)= ∑(DMC/N) +∑(NDMC/N) +∑(IMC/N) or Diarrhea= ß(Age)+ ß(Sex)+ß(Toilet)+ ß(Water)