Containerizing a Web Application with Vue.js and Java

Jadson Santos
Containerizing a Web Application with Vue.js and
Java

Container
• Seaports before container were a mess
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Container
• After container, load a ship became faster
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Container
• How setup the execution environment
• 1o Install directly in SO: Very complex, several different configurations
• 2o Use virtual machines like VMWare, Virtual Box: memory and processing
consumption is too high
• 3o Use a container: it's possible to run an application with all the required
settings (environment variables, packages, etc.) with minimal impact
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Container
• Containers isolate microservice processes and applications into smaller
instances that utilize only the virtualized operating system rather than the
full virtual machine and the entire complement of abstracted hardware that
VM includes
• For containers, they operate more as fully isolated sandboxes, with only the
minimal kernel of the operating system present for each container.
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Installation
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Docker
• Docker is a set of platform-as-a-service products that use operating system-
level virtualization to deliver software in packages called containers.
• Docker do not create the container technology, but was the first tool to let is
popular and and relatively easy to use.
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Registry
Docker Daemon
Containers Images
Client
docker run
docker build
docker pull

Docker
• Client: Client receiving and executes the commands of users
• Docker Daemon: Who manages the containers
• Registry: Where the images are stored
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Installation
• Linux
• First, install some prerequisite packages that let apt use packages over HTTPS:
• sudo apt update
sudo apt install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-
properties-common
• Add the GPG key to the official Docker repository on your system:
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add
-
• Add the Docker repository to the APT sources:
sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu
focal stable"
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Installation
• Linux
• Then update the database with the Docker packages from the newly added repository:
• sudo apt update
• Now, install the Docker
• sudo apt install docker-ce
• Add your username to the docker group:
• sudo usermod -aG docker “user”
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Installation
• Mac OS
• Go to https://hub.docker.com/
• Download Docker Desktop for Mac
• Docker is native for Linux, to run on Windows and MacOS we need the Docker Desktop
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Installation
• Mac OS
• Type docker version
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Docker Introduction
• Hello World
docker container run hello-world
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image name

Docker Introduction
• Hello World
• There is an image “hello-world” locally?
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Registry
Docker Daemon
Containers Images
Client
docker run

Docker Introduction
• Hello World
• Download from registry (https://hub.docker.com/)
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Registry
Docker Daemon
Containers Images
Client
docker run

Docker Introduction
• Hello World
• Run the container that is an instance of “hello-world” image
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Registry
Docker Daemon
Containers Images
Client
docker run

Docker Introduction
• Docker hub
• Docker hub is the default docker registry
• It has unlimited public repositories
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Docker Introduction
• Docker hub
• You can search for images
• Give preference to official
images
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Docker Introduction
• Docker hub
• Each image has several tags
• Choose the image that best fits your application requirements
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Docker Introduction
• Docker hub
• You can install local registry to your company.
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Docker Introduction
• List the containers running
• docker container ls
• List all containers
• docker container ls -a
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Docker Introduction
• Give a name to the container
• docker container run -–name my_hello_container hello-world
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Docker Introduction
• Removing a container
• docker container rm <ID or NAME>
• Restarting the container
• docker container restart <ID or NAME>
• Stopping the container
• docker container stop <ID or NAME>
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Docker Introduction
• Accessing the container
• Download the “ubuntu” image, run the container using this image and give me access the
/bin/bash application inside de container
• docker container run -it ubuntu /bin/bash
• Accessing the container when it is running
• docker container exec -it ubuntu /bin/bash
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In this case, the application argument
stay after image name, in the other
cases, image name is always the last
argument of command

Docker Port Binding
• To have access an application running inside the container, it is necessary to
define a port from the port bind. In the format HOST : CONTAINER
• docker container run -p 27017:27017 mongo
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Bing the mongo DB 27017 port (mongo db goes up
inside de container) to the 27017 HOST port
HOST : Mongo DB

Docker Images
• Docker images act as a template to build a Docker container.
• Docker images contains layers that install libraries, tools, dependences, files needed to
make your application run.
• Docker images layers increase reusability, decrease disk usage, and speed up docker
build by allowing each step to be cached.
• We need to create an image containing our application to run it on a Docker
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Image
Layer 01
Layer 02
Layer 03
Layer 04
Layer N

Docker Images
• The easiest way to create an image is via the Dockerfile file
• Example of Dockerfile of a simple Node application
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Docker Images
• Example of Dockerfile of a simple Node application
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Docker Images
• Starting downloading a node image
• Create a working directory (WORKDIR == “mkdir /app” and “cd /app”)
• Copies the .package.json and .package-lock.json file
• Run “npm install” to download and install node dependencies
• Copy the other files of project
• When the container goes up, execute the command “node app.js"
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Docker Images
• Build a image with your node application
• docker build . -t jadsonjs/appnode:v1
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Image name
(name space + repository + tag)

Docker Images
• List the images
docker image ls
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Docker Images
• Execute your node application inside the docker
docker container run –d –p 8080:8081 -–name my_appnode_container jadsonjs/appnode:v1
docker container ls
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Image name
Container name
Run in background
Bind the 8081 NODE application port to 8080 HOST port

Docker Images
• Execute your node application inside the docker
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Docker Images
• Publish image to docker hub
• Publish the image to my account do docker hub as a public image that other people can
use.
docker login
docker push jadsonjs/appnode:v1
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Docker Images
• Publish image to docker hub
• Publish the image to my account do docker hub as a public image that other people can
use.
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Docker Networks
• If you are going to run 2 or more applications in 2 or more separate containers
and need them to communicate. Must create a network between these
containers
docker network create my-app-net
docker container run -–name api –d -p 8080:8080 -–network=my-app-net
jadsonjs/appnode:v1
docker container run -–name mongodb -d -p 27017:27017 -e USER=user -e
PASS=1234 -–network=my-app-net mongo:5.0.3
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Docker Volumes
• Used to save data if you kill and upload the container again. Example:
Container of a database.
• Link container file system with the host file system
• This can be done via directory bind. In the format HOST : CONTAINER, similar with port
bind
docker container run -–name bancoDeDadosMongo -d -p 27017:27017 -e
USER=user -e PASS=1234 -–network=api-net -v “/usr/local/mongodb:/data/db”
mongo:5.0.3
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Bind the /data/db mongo db directory with /usr/local/mongodb HOST directory
In other words, the data will be save in /usr/local/mongodb HOST directory

Docker Volumes
• Creating a volume
docker volume create mongodb_vol
docker container run -–name mongodb -d -p 27017:27017 -e USER=user -e
PASS=1234 -–network=my-app-net -v “mongodb_vol:/data/db” mongo:5.0.3
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Bind the /data/db mongo db directory with a mongodb_vol create by the container
mongodb_vol is a directory in HOST machine created and managed by container

Docker Volumes
• Creating a volume
docker volume ls
docker volume inspect mongo_db_vol
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Vue JS Application on Docker
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• Let’s create a simple VUE calculator
application with de command
• vue create calculator-front-end
• The application will be a simple calculator that
will call a back-end application written in Java.
• The front end application will be deployed
using nginx server.
• The back end application will be deployed in
another Docker container.
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• Let’s create a simple VUE calculator application
• We create a nginx.conf file in the project root that configure your “calculator” application
• When somebody type “/calculator” on url, the nginx serve should execute the /calculator/index.html of a
VUE Single Page Application project
• This file will be copy into the container file system.
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• Let’s create a simple VUE calculator application
• For the vue app work inside nginx server, we have to define a context to VUE application when
execute on Docker, we make this in the vue.config.js file.
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• In the dockerfile file, we define some
steps to build our image
• Build Steps:
• Download a “node” image
• Create a temp directory “app” and copy
package*.json files to it
• Install all Vue dependences
• Copy the other files and make the build of
project
• Execution Steps:
• Now, download a image of nginx
• Copy the vue “dist” directory content to nginx
default directory: /usr/share/nginx renaming it.
• And copy the nginx.conf file (in the root of the
project) to nginx default configuration directory:
/etc/nginx/
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• Now, we need to build the image
• docker build . -t calculator-front-end
• After that, we create a network and run the docker container
• This same network will be used by the back end container
• docker network create calculator-net
• docker run -d -p 8080:8080 –network=calculator-net calculator-front-end
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• When the container goes up, the ningx server will goes up also and make
deploy of our application following the nginx.conf files
• We can access the application on address: http://localhost:8080/calculator/
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Java Application on Docker
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• We will create a simple Java spring boot back-end application for our
calculator
• We will use Gradle as a build tool.
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• Now we will configure dockerfile file
to create a docker image
• Build Steps:
• Download the gradle image
• Create a workdir
• Copy all files to this workdir
• Run the gradle build
• Executions steps:
• Download JDK 11 image
• Copy and rename the application jar
• Expose the back end port
• Execute the Java application when
container goes up
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• We can build the Java back end image with this command
• docker build . -t calculator-back-end
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• Now we can run the back end Java application with this command
• PS.: The front end application should be already running (previous slides)
• docker run -d -p 8081:8081 –network=calculator-net calculator-back-end
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• If everything was ok, now we have a front end VUE.js application run with
nginx server on a Docker calling a back end Java application run on Docker
also.
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Source Code
• https://github.com/jadsonjs/containers
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Docker Compose
• Docker Compose is a tool for defining
and running multi-container Docker
applications. With Compose, you can
use a YAML file to configure and start
several docker applications.
• So, create a docker-compose.yaml
file with the follow content
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Docker Compose
• First we define the version and the networks of our containers
• We define a new network to the docker compose create it
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Docker Compose
• Now, we need to define our services (containers)
• The first one is the VUE js front end application.
• It uses the calculator-front-end image in port 8080:8080, using the calculator-net2
network and should starts after back-end container
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Docker Compose
• Now, we need to define our services (containers)
• The second one is the Java back end application.
• It uses the calculator-back-end image in port 8081:8081, using the same calculator-
net2 network.
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Docker Compose
• Now, just execute the follow command:
• docker compose up -d
• This command will replace the follow two commands and simplify the
docker execution
• docker run -d -p 8080:8080 –network=calculator-net calculator-front-end
• docker run -d -p 8081:8081 –network=calculator-net calculator-back-end
• To stop the execution of containers, type:
• docker compose down
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References
• https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-and-use-docker-on-
ubuntu-20-04
• https://cli.vuejs.org/guide/deployment.html#docker-nginx
• https://medium.com/bb-tutorials-and-thoughts/how-to-serve-vue-js-application-with-nginx-
and-docker-d8a872a02ea8
•
https://www.baeldung.com/dockerizing-spring-boot-application
• https://docs.docker.com/language/java/build-images/
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References
• https://medium.com/swlh/spring-boot-with-docker-2467db187fa2
• https://dzone.com/articles/docker-with-spring-boot-how-to
• https://docs.docker.com/compose/
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Containerizing a Web Application with Vue.js and Java

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