CONTROLLING

CONTROLLING

• 2.
  Control in managementmeans setting standards, measuring actual performance and taking corrective action. It is important function because it help to check errors and to take the corrective action so that deviation from standard are minimized and stated goals of the organization are achieved in desired manner
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  DEFINITION “Controlling is themeasurement and correction of performance in order to make sure that enterprise objectives and the plans devised to attain them are accomplished” By Harold Koontz
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  CHARACTERISTICS  Control isa continuous process  Control is a management process  Control is embedded in each level of organizational hierarchy  Control is forward looking  Control is closely linked with planning  Control is a tool for achieving organizational activities
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   To maximizethe use of scarce resources.  To achieve purposeful behavior of organization members.  Improves efficiency and effectiveness.  Make plan effective.  Control aid in decision making.
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  TYPES OF CONTROL Feedforward controls :  Employed before a work activity begins. Ensures that : Objectives are clear. Proper directions are established. Right resources are available. Focuses on quality of resources.
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  CONT… Concurrent controls : Focuson what happens during work process. Monitor ongoing operations to make sure they are being done according to plan. Can reduce waste in unacceptable finished products or services.
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  CONT… Feedback controls : Take place after work is completed. Focus on quality of end results. Provide useful information for improving future operations.
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  CONT… Internal and externalcontrols: Internal control Allows motivated individuals and groups to exercise selfdiscipline in fulfilling job expectations.  External control Occurs through personal supervision and the use of formal administrative systems.
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  CONT… Bureaucratic controls Influences behaviorthrough authority, policies, procedures, job descriptions, budgets, and day-to-day supervision.  Clan controls Influences behavior through norms and expectations set by the organizational culture.