Corruption

Corruption

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  Presented By: Aakreeti Bikram KumarMandal Bikas Chandra Sadashiv
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  Corruption Spiritual or moralimpurity or deviation from an ideal Dishonest conduct by those in power Misuse of official power for personal gain
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  Types of corruption •Grand corruption • Petty corruption • Political Corruption
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  Grand corruption  corruptionoccurring at the highest levels of government  enabling leaders to benefit at the expense of the public good  countries without adequate policing of corruption by anti-corruption agencies.
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  Petty corruption  occurswithin established social frameworks and governing norms  include exchange of small gifts or use of personal connections  common in developing countries
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  Political Corruption  Useof power by government officials for private gain  Misuse of government power for other purposes, such as repression of political opponents is not considered political corruption
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  Different Sectors  Government/PublicSector  Legislative System (Political)  Executive System (Police)  Judiciary System  Corporate  Unions  Non-Government Organizations
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  Methods Bribery Favouritism Embezzlement, theft andfraud Tax evasion
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  Bribery Common form ofcorruption Improper use of gifts and favours in exchange for personal gain Include money, gifts, sexual favours, company shares, entertainment, employment and political benefits
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  Favouritism  Involve thefavouring a friend, family member or member of an association  Examples include choosing somebody for a role they are not qualified for, regardless of merit
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  Embezzlement, theft andfraud  Embezzlement and theft involve someone with access to funds or assets illegally taking control of them  Fraud involves using deception to convince the owner of funds or assets to give them up to an unauthorized party.
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  Tax evasion  Anillegal practice where a person, organization or corporation intentionally avoids paying his/her/its true tax liability  Under-reporting income  Providing false information to the IRS about business income or expenses
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  Facts  In 2012India has ranked 94th out of 176 countries in Transparency International's Corruption Perceptions Index**, Scoring 36 out of 100  A 2005 study conducted by Transparency International found that more than 62% of Indians had first-hand experience of paying bribes or influence peddling to get jobs done in public offices successfully **The Corruption Perceptions Index ranks countries/territories based on how corrupt a country’s public sector is perceived to be.
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  Effects Inflation Inferior public infrastructure Lossof faith in democracy Environmental degradation
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  Ways to fightcorruption Educating common people Bringing awareness among people Strict laws Protecting whistleblowers