Creating the Best Experience: Accessibility & Usability
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This document summarizes a presentation on creating the best user experience through accessibility and usability. It discusses that designing for all users is impossible, so understanding user needs is important. It defines the functional, emotional, sensorial and social aspects of a user's experience. It also discusses usability, minimizing human costs, and the benefits of good user experience like increased efficiency. The document provides tips for starting the design process like identifying user groups, creating personas, conducting task analysis, and testing assumptions through interviews, observations and card sorting. It emphasizes including people with disabilities in research and understanding standards and assistive technologies to create accessible, usable designs.
Creating the Best Experience: Accessibility & Usability
- 1. WPFSeptember 20, 2011Creating the Best Experience: Accessibility & UsabilityPresented by Carol Smith
- 2. Designing for Everyone is Impossible
- 3. Who will use your product?What do they need to do?
- 5. User’s ExperienceInteraction with a product, service, or companyFunctional EmotionalSensorialSocial
- 6. FunctionalAble to complete taskFind informationSubmit formContact someonePurchase item
- 8. EmotionalBring their life with themInterface Conveys ideas and emotionsSets the tone
- 9. SocialInteractions with other peopleSocial networkingHelp featuresChat
- 10. Where They Overlap...➘ExperienceXFunctional EmotionalSensorialSocial
- 11. Usabilityis an important characteristicof what makes a good User Experience
- 13. Benefits of Good User ExperienceIncreased UsefulnessIncreased Efficiency ($$$) Improved Productivity
- 14. Benefits (continued)Fewer ErrorsReduced Training TimeImproved AcceptanceHappy Users!
- 15. Where do I start?
- 16. Who are your users?
- 17. Same Job Title, May Differ in…
- 18. Which Student?RickConniehttp://www.flickr.com/photos/mrjkbh/via http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.0/deed.enhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/caharley72/ (Christopher Alison Photography) via http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.0/
- 20. Interview the ExpertsCustomer ServiceMarketing (Web statistics)Training Sales/Business development
- 21. Who Are the Users?How many are there?Common complaints?Most important/frequent tasks?Show stoppers?Understand:Assumptions and stereotypes Differences between users
- 22. About ThemEnvironmentExperience Level, Knowledge TechnologyDefine Primary & Secondary Users
- 23. Make User GroupsLoosely defined at firstDetermine what differentiates them
- 24. Share What You Learn
- 25. PersonasHelp guide decisions about:NavigationFeaturesDesignArchetype, based on research
- 26. Anthony Johnson“I need help keeping track of all of the assets for each of my projects.”Anthony (Tony) is 29and lives in Centreville, VA in a large apartment complex. He drives a Prius which allows him to use special lanes on the highway and speeds up his commute (still takes about 40 minutes). His girlfriend works for the federal government in Washington, DC.
- 27. He was never interested in teaching, but wants to improve the educational system. When he saw a job opening at an educational company he felt it would be a great opportunity to do just that.
- 28. Despite the frustrations, Tony feels his company is great to work for and the benefits can’t be beat. He isn’t sure what is next for his career.Task AnalysisExample of a Task Analysis by Todd Zaki Warfel from his Agile2010 presentation "Opening the Kimono a look behind the design process."
- 29. Gap Analysis
- 32. Confirm AssumptionsRepresentative users who DO the tasks.Visionaries, leaders, perhaps.
- 33. Observations
- 34. Interviews
- 35. 34Card Sortinghttp://www.flickr.com/photos/rosenfeldmedia/ via http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/
- 36. Observations
- 37. Go to the user36
- 38. Why Observe?Great way to understand your user’s situation“Cheat sheets” and other artifactsReal processesNumber and type of interruptionsWho are they?
- 39. http://www.flickr.com/photos/heygabe/ via http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/Actual Photo: http://www.flickr.com/photos/heygabe/47206241/
- 40. Interviews
- 41. Interview to Discover/Confirm…Build on what you’ve learned:TasksAttitudes and OpinionsProblemsGoalsExperience level and knowledge Technology 40
- 42. Use ScriptsMemory tool for facilitatorDon’t have to followPromote consistencyQuestionsOrder of questions
- 43. QuestionsQuality of questions correlates to quality of answers:Open-endedUnbiasedDon’t lead or make assumptionsUse participant’s words
- 44. Silence is GoldenUser’s Time to Think!43
- 45. Card Sorting
- 46. Card SortingMaximize probability of users finding contentExplore how people are likely to group itemsIdentify content likely to be:Difficult to categorizeDifficult to findMisunderstoodGaffney, Gerry. (2000) What is Card Sorting? Usability Techniques Series, Information & Design. http://www.infodesign.com.au/usabilityresources/design/cardsorting.aspImage: http://www.flickr.com/photos/richtpt via http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/
- 47. Benefits of Card SortingEasy and inexpensiveUse to determine:Order of informationRelationships between infoLabels for navigationVerify correct audienceGaffney, Gerry. (2000) What is Card Sorting? Usability Techniques Series, Information & Design. Image: http://www.infodesign.com.au/usabilityresources/design/cardsorting.asp
- 48. Online ToolsModeratedUn-moderatedOptimal Sort, Optimal Workshop - http://www.optimalworkshop.com/Demo: https://livedemo.optimalworkshop.com/optimalsort/supermarketdemo
- 50. Do I need a lab?Computer / ConceptParticipantFacilitatorObserverTimerLoggerRubin, Jeffrey. Handbook of Usability Testing. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 1994.
- 51. Software*SimpleUn-ModeratedModeratedComplex*Incomplete list with subjective ratings
- 52. "The biggest waste of all is building something no one wants"- @ericries #LeanStartupMI via @MelBugai
- 53. Break Time!
- 54. Accessibility
- 55. Overview of TerminologyDisabilityany condition that impedes the completion of daily tasks using traditional methods (Wikipedia)“People with Disabilities” Not “disabled” or “handicapped”
- 56. What is Accessibility?Accessibility is designing products so that people can use them regardless of disability or environment.
- 57. Everyone can…PerceiveUnderstandNavigateInteractCreate & Contribute effectively
- 58. Disabilities vary by…Time of Onset Course of the disabilityDegree of SeveritySingle or Multiple Disabilities
- 59. Disabilities VaryVisual Blindnessforgot glassesAuditoryPhysicalSpeechCognitiveNeurologicalLanguageLiteracy
- 60. Environmental FactorsImposed limiting conditions include:Manufacturing system – loud warehouseWireless device – on public transportationSlow internet connection
- 61. Accessible and Usable by EveryoneUniversally Accessible PackagingCurb CutsCurb Cut Image http://4sbccfaculty.org/lecture/2000s/lectures/Jan_Shapiro.html
- 62. Usability & AccessibilityIncreasepeople who can effectively use a productsituations in which the product can be usedusability of a product user satisfactionEstimated 650 million disabled people worldwide (Wikipedia)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disability - September 2011
- 63. Benefits to OrganizationsDemonstrate corporate responsibilityCost savings and return on investmentReduced possibility of legal issuesTargetJet Blue
- 64. Getting StartedInstitutionalize Accessibility with UsabilityPlan for inclusion in all levelsSupport developers and discuss accessibility with your teamStandards, guidelines and lawsInspection technology
- 65. ResearchInclude people with disabilities People working under limiting conditions
- 66. StandardsWeb Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG)Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines (ATAG)Section 508 in USA
- 67. Evaluating for AccessibilityMake code good and validClear, understandable, contentOrganized information
- 68. Become Familiar withFunctional and situational limitationsStandards, guidelines and lawsInspection technologyAssistive Technologies
- 69. Accessible, Usable and BeautifulAccessible and visually stimulating
- 70. Wrap Up
- 71. Do UX Early & OftenPut it on the Wall as information radiatorsTest findingsArtifactsCompetitor infoUpdate information
- 73. ReferencesCato, John. User-Centered Web Design. Addison Wesley Longman; 2001. Hackos, JoAnn T., PhD and Redish, Janice C. User and Task Analysis for Interface Design. Wiley; 1998. Henry, Shawn Lawton. Just Ask: Integrating Accessibility Throughout Design.Henry, S.L. and Grossnickle, M. Accessibility in the User-Centered Design Process. Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Inc; Atlanta, Georgia, USA; 2004. http://uiaccess.com/accessucd/personas.htmlKuniavsky, Mike. Observing the User Experience: a Practitioner's Guide to User Research. Morgan Kaufmann, 2003.Mandel, Theo. The Elements of User Interface Design. Wiley; 1997.Nielsen, Jakob and Robert L. Mack. Usability Inspection Methods. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1994.Powell, Thomas A. The Complete Reference: Web Design. Osborne/McGraw-Hill; 2000.Rubin, Jeffrey & Dana Chisnell. Handbook of Usability Testing.Schaffer, Eric. Institutionalization of Usability: A Step by Step Guide. Human Factors International, 2004.Slatin, John M. and Sharron Rush Maximum Accessibility: Making Your Web Site More Usable for Everyone. Addison-Wesley Pub Co., 2002.W3C, Web Accessibility Initiative - http://www.w3.org/WAI/intro/accessibility
- 75. ContactCarol J. Smith @[email protected]://www.mw-research.com
Editor's Notes
- #3: A measure of the degree to which a product can be used by specified users or groups to achieve specific goals of effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction in a specified context of use- U BoK
- #19: frequency, importance, complexityPrioritiesCurrent process
- #51: Un-Moderated, Simple SoftwareUserlyticsLoop 11UserZoomChalkMarkModerated, Simple SoftwareGoToMeetingSkypeMoraeSilverbackModerated, Complex SoftwareKeynote*Incomplete list with subjective ratings