Cs 1114 - lecture-2
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This document discusses programming fundamentals and problem solving using computers. It outlines the steps of defining a problem, designing a solution, and implementing that solution using a programming language. It provides examples of defining problems, designing graphical solutions, and translating those designs into code. Common problems are presented like finding sums, averages, and calculating other values. Computers are useful for solving problems that are too complex, time-consuming, or require extensive inputs or outputs for manual solution.
Cs 1114 - lecture-2
- 2. This Course Problem Solving Using Computers Implementing the Solution using a Programming Language 1 2 The first part is mostly ignored which leads to poor programming skills Programming Fundamentals | Lecture-2
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- 4. Steps in Problem Solving Define the Problem Design the Solution 1 2 Programming Fundamentals | Lecture-2
- 5. 1. Define the Problem After careful reading, the problem should be divided into three separate components Input Data provided to the problem Output What is required from the solution Processing List of actions needed to produce the required output Programming Fundamentals | Lecture-2
- 6. 2. Design the Solution Solution of a Problem in your mind Solution in terms of no. of steps Transform There are more than 1 ways to do that but we will use a graphical approach which will involve usage of Geometrical Shapes to represent different kinds of steps in a solution Programming Fundamentals | Lecture-2
- 7. Example-1 Programming Fundamentals | Lecture-2
- 8. Step-1: Define the Problem Programming Fundamentals | Lecture-2 Problem : Find the sum of two numbers Input Output Processing Number1 Sum Add Numbers Together Number2
- 9. Step-2: Design the Solution Start by drawing a “Start” symbol Show a symbol for Input Show process symbol(s) for processing There can be more than 1 such steps depending on the complexity of the problem Show a symbol for Output Finish by drawing a “Stop” Symbol Programming Fundamentals | Lecture-2
- 10. Step-2: Design the Solution Programming Fundamentals | Lecture-2 START READ number1, number2 sum = number1 + number2 DISPLAY sum STOP
- 11. Legend Programming Fundamentals | Lecture-2 Symbol Meaning Terminal Symbol (Oval) : indicates the beginning and ending of a program Input-Output Symbol (Parallelogram): shows an input or an output operation Process Symbol (Rectangle): shows an instruction other than input or output
- 12. Other Simple Examples Find sum of three numbers Division, multiplication, subtraction of two/three numbers Find Average of two numbers Find square of a number Find acceleration for a given velocity and time Find Velocity Programming Fundamentals | Lecture-2
- 13. Average of Two Numbers Programming Fundamentals | Lecture-2 START READ number1, number2 sum = number1 + number2 DISPLAY average STOP average = sum / 2
- 14. Square of a Number Programming Fundamentals | Lecture-2 START READ number square = number * number DISPLAY square STOP
- 15. Acceleration Programming Fundamentals | Lecture-2 START READ v1, v2, t change = v2 – v1 DISPLAY acceleration STOP acceleration = change / t
- 16. Velocity Programming Fundamentals | Lecture-2 START READ d1, d2, t1, t2 positionChange = d2 – d1 DISPLAY velocity STOP timeChange = t2 – t1 velocity = postionChange / timeChange
- 17. Why to use Computers? Can do many complicated tasks at very high speeds and can store large quantities of data Some Situations Extensive Input Extensive output Method of solution is too complicated to implement manually If done manually, it takes an excessive long time to solve
- 18. Tasks (to be done before next lecture) Calculate area of a rectangle area = base height Find Cube of a Number Calculate Marks Percentage (marks obtained / total marks) 100 Calculate Sales Tax amount (tax percent / 100) Find “no. of minutes” and “no. of seconds” for given “no of years” Programming Fundamentals | Lecture-2
- 19. Programming Fundamentals | Lecture-2 BE READY FOR QUIZ IN NEXT LECTURE