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Cu zn se
- 1. COPPER ZINC SELENIUM By Dr. M. Anuswaru 1styear postgraduate
- 2. COPPER • Copper isan important trace element. • Human body contains 100mg of copper distributed in different organs. • Copper is incorporated into several metalloenzymes and proteins which perform important metabolic functions.
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- 10. Copper is essentialfor synthesis of melanin and phospholipid
- 13. ABSORPTION • 10% ofdietary copper is absorbed. • Absorption takes place mainly in duodenum. ZINC PHYTATE MOLYBDENUM METALLOTHIONEIN
- 14. EXCRETION • Excretion ismainly through bile.
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- 16. Copper deficiency • Severedeficiency of copper leads to demineralization of bones, demyelination of neural tissue. • Copper deficiency Anemia : As copper is an integral part of ALA synthase, its deficiency leads to decreased heme synthesis. • Weakening of vessel walls leading to aneurysm
- 17. Menke’s disease It isa x-linked disease. Affects mainly male child. Dietary copper is absorbed but not transported to blood due to absence of copper binding ATPase. Copper gets accumulated in cells. Symptoms – depigmentation of hair. Hence called Menke’s kinky hair syndrome. Decreased copper in plasma and urine.
- 18. WILSON’S DISEASE Hepato lenticulardegeneration is seen It is caused by defect in gene encoding a copper binding ATPase which is required for normal excretion of copper from liver cells. Due to this copper is accumulated in liver and lenticular nucleus of brain Low levels of copper and ceruloplasmin in plasma with increased excretion of copper in urine.
- 19. • Sign ofWilson’s disease- kF ring TREATMENT • Pencillamine – naturally occurring chelating agent
- 20. Copper toxicity Chronic toxicityis manifested as diarrhea and blue green discoloration of saliva. Copper poisoning may lead to heamolysis, proteinuria and renal failure.
- 21. ZINC • Total Zinccontent of body is 2grams. 60% - skeletal muscles and 30% in bones. • Highest concentration of zinc is seen in hippocampus area of brain and prostatic secretion. • Zinc is usually an intracellular element.
- 23. RDA of ZINC ADULTS– 10-15mg/day IN PREGNANCY & LACTATION – doubles
- 24. BIOCHEMICAL FUNCTIONS 1. Essentialcomponent of enzymes like carbonic anhydrase Alcoholic dehydrogenase Alkaline phosphatase Superoxide dismutase
- 25. 2. AS Znis a component of enzyme of superoxide dismutase which acts against free radical damage. It is considered as ANTI OXIDANT. 3. Zn stabilises the insulin hormone molecule. Hence it is present in association with insulin in beta cells but not in circulation.
- 26. 4. Zn promotesthe synthesis of retinol binding protein. So it is necessary to maintain the levels of vitamin A in serum. 5. Zn is required for wound healing and proper reproduction. 6. Gusten – Zn containing protein in saliva helps in taste sensation.
- 27. ABSORPTION – mainlyin duodenum AMINO ACIDS Copper Iron calcium
- 28. DEFICIENCY MANIFESTATIONS • Poorwound healing • Impaired spermatogenesis • Hyperkeratosis • Neuro psychiatric manifestations in chronic alcoholism are partly due to Zn deficiency
- 29. ACRODERMATITIS ENTEROPATHICA • Recessivecondition • Absorption is defective
- 30. Zinc Toxicity Occupational hazardin WELDERS due to inhalation of Zn fumes. Toxic manifestations are seen when intake is more than 1000mg/day.
- 31. SELENIUM It is atrace element and anti-oxidant present in soil. Sources - Liver, Kidney, Sea foods. RDA is 50 – 100 mg/day
- 32. Biochemical functions • Seleniumalong with vitamin E prevents the development of hepatic necrosis and muscular dystrophy. • It is involved in maintaining integrity of cell membrane. • Essential for normal development of spermatozoa.
- 33. • Se ispresent in enzyme GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE in the form of SELENOCYSTEINE. This enzyme protects cells against the damage caused by hydrogen peroxide. • Se protects the cell against free radical injury by preventing lipid peroxidation. Hence an ANTI OXIDANT
- 34. • 5’-deiodinase isalso a selenium containing enzymes which converts thyroxine to T3. • Thioredoxin reductase is also a selenoprotein. • Se prevents heavy metal toxicity by binding with them. • Se protects from carcinogenic chemicals.
- 35. Deficiency If the soilis deficient of selenium it causes a condition called as KESHAN DISEASE It is characterised by Cardiac Myopathy
- 36. TOXICITY SELENOSIS – hairloss, diarrhoea, weight loss, garlic odour caused by dimethyl selenide. Selenium is present in metal polishes and anti rust compounds.
- 37.