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![TRANS CULTURAL SOCIETY
Transculturalism is characterized by the following:
Transculturalism does not seek to privilege the
semiotic over the material conditions of life, nor
vice versa.
Transculturalism accepts that language and
materiality continually interact within an unstable
locus of specific historical conditions.[5]
Transculturalism locates relationships of power in
terms of language and history.[5]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/culture-230731103225-a3918d47/75/Culture-pptx-30-2048.jpg)
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Culture.pptx
- 2. Content- Culture- Meaning &its Nature Components of Culture Evolution of culture Diversity and uniformity of culture Culture and socialization Trans cultural society Influence on health and disease
- 3. INTRODUCTION Culture is derivedfrom the English word ‘Kulthra’ and Sanskrit word ‘Samskar’ which denotes social channel and intellectual excellence. Culture is awayof life.
- 4. DEFINITION EB Taylor- Cultureis a complex whole, which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, customs and any other capabilities and habits acquired by the man as a member of society. Leglic AY White- Culture is a symbolic continuous, cumulativeand progressive process. Malinowski B- The cumulative creation of man; the handwork of man and the medium through which he achieves is ends.
- 5. DEFINITION Graham wallas- Anaccumulation of thoughts, values and objects; it is the social heritage acquired by us from preceding generations through learning as distinguished from the biological heritagewhich is passed on to us automaticallythrough genes. CC North- The instruments constituted by man to assist him in a satisfying hiswants. Redfield- Culture is an organization of phenomenon of acts, objects, ideas attitudes, values and use of the symbols. Culture is an organized body of conventional understanding manifested in arts and artifacts which persisting through tradition, characterizes thegroup.
- 6. NATURE OF CULTURE Cultureis a learned behavior not inherited. It is learned through experience, imitation, communication, concept, thinking and socialization process. Culture is transmitted by vertically or horizontally thus it is communicative. Vertical transmission is from one generation to another whereas horizontal transmission is from one group to another group within the same period Culture is social not individual the pattern of thinking, feeling & acting can be shared by the members of the group and kept relatively uniform through group pressures.
- 7. NATURE OF CULTURE Cultureprovides opportunities and provides means for the satisfaction of our needs and desires to fulfill group functions. Culture is adaptive. It may institute changes in the environment as a means of adopting, instead of altering themselves to the changing environments.
- 8. NATURE OF CULTURE Cultureisdynamic. Couture is subjected toslow but constant change. Couture respond to the changing condition of theworld. Every society has its own culture. Culture iscontinuous and cumulative Culture is integrative.
- 9. TYPES OF CULTURE Thereare two types of culture i.e. material culture and non-material culture Material culture- Material culture concerned with the external, mechanical and utilitarian objects. It can be easily communicated and makes our life more comfortable, luxurious and meaningful. Thus material culture has the extrinsic value like housing, fashion, diet etc. material culture represent the whole apparatus of lifeorcivilization.
- 10. Non-material culture- Itincludes the concepts, values, mores and ideas e.g. TYPES OF CULTURE There are two types of culture i.e. material culture and non-material culture monogamy, democracy, worshipetc.
- 11. FUNCTIONS OF CULTURE Itmakes man as a human being. To regulate the conduct and prepares the human being for group life through the process of socialization. It defines the meaning of situation. Provides solutions fordifficult situations. Defines values, attitudes and goals.
- 12. FUNCTIONS OF CULTURE Broadenthevision of individuals. Provide behaviorpatternsand relationship with others. Keep the individual behavior intact. Moulds national character. Define myths, legends, supernatural believes. Creates new needs and interests.
- 13. COMPONENTS OF CULTURE Componentsof cultureareas follows- Symbols Language Values Folkways Mores Laws Customs
- 14. COMPONENTS OF CULTURE Symbols Anythingthat carries particular meaning recognized by people who share the same culture. It can be either material object like flag a cross or word or it can be a non material object like sound gesture. Symbolic meaning is obvious uniform in cultureand powerful.
- 15. COMPONENTS OF CULTURE Language Amajor symbolic system in use in all human societies is languages. Human languages are learned and variable, flexible and generative. Without language there is noculture. It is language through which weareable tocreate share, preserve and transmit cultural meanings such as complex patterns of emotions, thought, knowledge and beliefs. Language is essential togive members of society a senseof identity.
- 16. COMPONENTS OF CULTURE Values Valuesare general abstract moral principles defining what is right or wrong, good or bad, desirable orundesirable. In other words values often come in pairs of positiveand negative terms. Values define general moral qualities of behavior expected from members of society such as honesty, patriotism orcommitment to freedom
- 17. COMPONENTS OF CULTURE Folkways Folkwaysareacceptedwaysof behavior. According to Gillin and Gillin folkways are the behavior pattern of every day life which unconsciously arises within a group. According to AW Green folkways are the ways of acting that are common to a society or a group that are handed down from generation to the next. According to Merill folkways are social habits or group expectations that have arised in the daily life of the group. Folkways are social in nature, repetitive in character, unplanned in origin, informal enforcement, varied in nature and subjected tochange. Example of folkways are eating pattern, habits, communication, dressing walking, working and greeting.
- 18. COMPONENTS OF CULTURE Mores Standardof behavior that influences the moral conduct of peopleconformity to mass is called as mores. According to MacIver & CH Page when folkways have added to group welfare and high standards that are converted into mores. mores determineourconceptionof rightorwrong and properand improper. Mores differ from group togroupand from society to society. Mores are dynamic, they keepon changing according to changing need of society.
- 19. COMPONENTS OF CULTURE Customs Customsare formed on the basis of habits. Customs are social habits which through repetition become the basis of an order of social behavior. According to MacIver custom is a group procedure that has gradually emerged without express enactment without any constituted authority todeclare it, apply it, to safe guard it.
- 20. COMPONENTS OF CULTURE Laws Lawsare enacted by the state or centre to have control over individual. According to Green law is more or less systematic body of generalized rules, balanced between the fiction of performance and fact of change governing specifically defined relationship and situations and employing force or the threat of force in defined and limited ways. Laws applies equally toall Laws aredefinite, clearand precise.
- 21. EVOLUTION OF CULTURE Evolutionof specific culture is difficult to identify . But from the discoveries and inventions cultural developmentcan be identified. But one thing is clear that culture is as old as man. Though the material aspects does not us about the culture but reveals the evolution of culture.
- 22. DIVERSITY AND UNIFORMITYOF CULTURE Culture is a set of behavior of a group. Therefore there are many culture as there are many groups. Culture of one group may differ completely or in certain aspects from other. These variations are known as cultural diversity. Factors responsible for diverse culture are as follows-
- 23. DIVERSITY AND UNIFORMITYOF CULTURE Geographical location Unconscious behavior imitated and later on become a custom which is the part of culture Flexibility in behavior Technological advancement Religious belief Life style Language
- 24. UNIFORMITY OF CULTURE Uniformityof culture is meant by sharing the same type of cultural pattern by the differentgroupof people. Uniformity of culture is far more complex than it seems. Uniformity is based on the belief of God’s superiority.
- 25. CULTURE AND SOCIALIZATION Cultureis defined as the belief, values, behavior and material objects shared by a particular groupof people. Socialization is the process which shapes and defines our thoughts, feelings and also provides us with a model forour behavior. This process of socialization teaches the human being the cultural values and norms which provide theguidelines foroureveryday life.
- 26. CULTURE AND SOCIALIZATION Humaninfants are born without any culture. They must be transformed by agents of socialization such as family, parents, teachers, peers and mass media into culturally adapt human beings. This general process of acquiring culture is referred toas socialization. Successful socialization can result in uniformity within society.
- 27. CULTURE AND SOCIALIZATION Throughthe socialization personality develops. Socialization helps us to perform specific role in society which is culturally bound.
- 28. "seeing TRANS CULTURAL SOCIETY Transculturalismis defined as oneself in the other". Transcultural is in turn all human culture" described as or "extending through "involving, encompassing, or combining elements of more than one culture".
- 29. TRANS CULTURAL SOCIETY Transculturalismis characterized by the following: Transculturalism emphasizes on the problematic of contemporary culture in terms of relationships, meaning-making, and power formation; and the transitory nature of culture as well as its power to transform. Transculturalism is interested in dissonance, tension, and instability as it is with the stabilizing effects of social conjunction, communalism, and organization; and in the destabilizing effects of non-meaning or meaning atrophy. It is interested in the disintegration of groups, cultures, and power.
- 30. TRANS CULTURAL SOCIETY Transculturalismis characterized by the following: Transculturalism does not seek to privilege the semiotic over the material conditions of life, nor vice versa. Transculturalism accepts that language and materiality continually interact within an unstable locus of specific historical conditions.[5] Transculturalism locates relationships of power in terms of language and history.[5]
- 31. TRANS CULTURAL SOCIETY Transculturalismis characterized by the following: Transculturalism is deeply suspicious of itself and of all utterances. Its claim to knowledge is always redoubtable, self-reflexive, and self-critical. Transculturalism can never eschew the force of its own precepts and the dynamic that is culture. Transculturalism never sides with one moral perspective over another but endeavors to examine them without ruling out moral relativism or meta- ethical confluence.
- 32. TRANS CULTURAL SOCIETY Transculturalismis characterized by the following: Transculturalism seeks to illuminate thevarious gradients of culture and the ways in which social groups create and distribute their meanings; and the ways in which social groups interactand experience tension. Transculturalism looks toward the ways in which languagewars are historically shaped and conducted.