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cystic fibrosis.pptx
- 1. incidence • The chances of your child having CF are about 1 in 3,000 if your child is Caucasian, 1 in 9,000 if he's Hispanic, 1 in 11,000 if he's Native American, 1 in 15,000 if he's of African heritage, and 1 in 30,000 if he's Asian American.
- 2. • Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder that affects mostly the lungs, but also the pancreas, liver, kidneys, and intestine • Cystic fibrosis can't be cured, but there are new treatments that can not only prolong a child's life but may also help make that life more normal.
- 3. • salty-tasting skin • poor growth, and poor weight gain • accumulation of thick, sticky mucus • requent chest infections, and coughing or shortness of breath • Males can be infertile due to congenital absence of the vas deferens • bowel obstruction • growth failure are multifactorial and include chronic lung infection, poor absorption of nutrients through the gastrointestinal tract
- 4. Cystic fibrosis Is a fatal autosomal recessive disease that manifests itself in multiple body system .it affect lungs ,pancreas, urogenital system ,skeleton and skin . It is major cause of severe chronic lungs disease in children . Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder that affects mostly the lungs, but also the pancreas, liver, kidneys, and intestine
- 5. Causes of cystic fibrosis • A defect in the CFTR gene causes cystic fibrosis (CF). • Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disease. This means that people inherit it from their parents through genes (or DNA). • To have cystic fibrosis, a person must inherit two copies of the defective CF gene, getting one copy from each parent. Carriers are not affected. •
- 8. c/f • Poor growth is one of the first signs of CF • Pulmonary symptom like :- cough wheezing ,nasal obstruction ,rhinorrhea, shortness of breath, cynosis,hemoptysis,wheezing and exercise intolerance. Due to blockage and congestion of the respiratory passages eith thick secreations. • Recurrent bronchitis,pneumonia ,bronchiectasis,nasal polyposis,chronic lungs and respiratory failure.
- 9. • GI problems due to intestinal malabsorption Diarrhoea, malnutrition ,failure to thrive ,arthritis, delay puberty ,diabetic , aspermia , azoospermia big appetite with no weight gain, and large, greasy stools.
- 10. complications • Atelectasis • Pneumothorax • corpulmonale
- 11. Respiratory system complications • Damaged airways (bronchiectasis). • Chronic infections • Growths in the nose (nasal polyps). • Coughing up blood (hemoptysis). • Pneumothorax. • Respiratory failure. • Acute exacerbations
- 12. Digestive system complications • Nutritional deficiencies. • Diabetes. • Blocked bile duct • Intestinal obstruction • Distal intestinal obstruction syndrome (DIOS).
- 13. Reproductive system complications • Other complications • Thinning of the bones (osteoporosis). • Electrolyte imbalances and dehydration.
- 14. Diagnosis cystic fibrosis • complete medical history and physical exam • Sweat (chloride) test. • Genetic tests • Blood tests eg ncluding pancreatic function tests, can look at infection and to see which organs may be affected. • Chest X-rays. • Pulmonary function tests
- 15. Cont.. • Sputum cultures ge to detect t infection • Stool evaluations. For These are done to measure stool fat absorption.
- 16. Treatment of cystic fibrosis • Take pancreatic enzyme supplement capsules with every meal and most snacks to help digest fat and protein. Even babies who are breastfeeding may need to take enzymes. • Take multivitamins, especially the fat soluble vitamins A, D, E and K • Make sure they get plenty of salt by adding salt to food or eating salty snacks. • Eat a high calorie, high protein diet.
- 17. • "Airway Clearance • nebulizer • There are different types of aerosolized medicines with different actions including thinning the mucus, opening the airways and fighting infection..
- 18. Medications • Antibiotics to treat and prevent lung infections • Anti-inflammatory medications to lessen swelling in the airways in your lungs • Mucus-thinning drugs to help you cough up the mucus, which can improve lung function
- 19. • Inhaled medications called bronchodilators that can help keep your airways open by relaxing the muscles around your bronchial tubes • Oral pancreatic enzymes to help your digestive tract absorb nutrients
- 20. • Chest physical therapy • Pulmonary rehabilitation Physical exercise that may improve your condition Breathing techniques that may help loosen mucus and improve breathing Nutritional counseling Counseling and support Education about your condition
- 21. Surgical and other procedures • Nasal polyp removal. • Oxygen therapy. • Endoscopy and lavage • Feeding tube. • Bowel surgery. • Lung transplant.
- 22. • immunizations up to date • Exercise • Eliminate smoke • Encourage hand-washing
- 23. The goals of treatment include: • Preventing and controlling infections that occur in the lungs • Removing and loosening mucus from the lungs • Treating and preventing intestinal blockage • Providing adequate nutrition