DAY-2.pptxpptttxxxx......................

DAY-2.pptxpptttxxxx......................

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  1 Application software: The term“application software” refers to software that performs specific functions for a user. When a user interacts directly with a piece of software, it is called application software. The sole purpose of application software is to assist the user in doing specified tasks. Examples of Application Software: A collection of Microsoft software including MS Office, PowerPoint, Word, Excel and Outlook. Common Internet browsers like Google Chrome, Safari, Firefox, etc. Graphics and designing software such as Adobe Photoshop, CorelDraw, and AutoCAD. Real-time online communication tools like Skype, Hangouts, Google Meet, Zoom & Whatsapp for video, and audio calls and messages. Multimedia and music streaming software such as Wynk, Gaana, MX Player, VLC Media Player, Spotify, Pandora, etc. are used for entertainment purposes. Project management software like Teams, Forecast etc., for official purposes.
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  2 Function of applicationsoftware: Application software programs are created to help with a wide range of tasks. Here are a few examples: Software for healthcare applications for seamless connectivity and quick response Managing information and data in an organization Software for educational purposes such as Learning Management Systems & e- learning systems Development of visuals and video for presentation purposes Emails, text messaging, audio and video conferencing involved in presentation. Management of accounting, finance, and payroll helping the HR department and other businesses Management of any small or large scale project Management of smooth and efficient business processes Management of resources (ERP and CRM systems)
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  3 System software: System Softwareis a program designed to run a computer's hardware and applications and manage its resources, such as its memory, processors, and devices. It also provides a platform for running application software, and system software is typically bundled with a computer's operating system. Or System Software is software designed to provide a platform for other software. Each type of system software has its own set of unique characteristics. Examples of system software include operating systems (OS) (like macOS, Linux, Android and Microsoft Windows), computational science software, game engines, search engines, industrial automation, and software as a service applications.
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  4 Function of systemsoftware: Hardware is assigned to the respective programs as per the needs. Schedule the programs on the processor for executing them in a linear and systematic manner. The memory is allocated to each and every individual program according to the requirement of the program. Input and output devices which are needed by programs are assigned at a time. Management of all the files of the program and data are stored on the secondary storage devices. The file directories present in memory are maintained, and the provision of access to the data of the files is provided. Maintain the coordination between the software and the user by allocating, assigning and providing the assemblers, compilers, memory, interpreters and other things. Maintaining the security and access privileges to various resources of the system.
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  5 Difference Between SystemSoftware and Application Software System Software Application Software This acts as an interface between the system and the applications This is designed directly from the user perspective It is the platform that allows the various application software to run on the system These are independent applications which can be download and installed in the system System Software is generally developed in low-level languages. This is so that the interaction between the software and hardware can be simplified and made more compatible Each application has a specific purpose and thus is developed with high-level languages so that the purpose can be fulfilled Is working is more automated. Once a system is turned on, the system software starts working User action is required to start application software. These applications can only be work when the user commands the system to do so These are responsible for the working of the system They have minimum involvement in the processing and functioning of the computer device The system software are installed at the time of installing the operating system. A computer device cannot work without its presence The application software can be installed as and when the user requires them It is an independent software. Once this is installed the computer will work This is a dependent software. Applications can only be downloaded when the operating system is installed Since a device cannot work without a system software, the user has to have it installed in their devices These are designed to be user interactive, thus the application software can be removed as and when required by the user Example for System Software includes Android, Mac Operating system, MS Windows, etc. Examples of Application Software includes Word Processor, games, media player, etc.
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  6 NUMBER SYSTEMS A numbersystem is a system of naming, representing, or expressing numbers in different types of forms. The basic ways of representing number system are done in four ways. •Binary Number System Base: 2 (i.e.; 0 & 1) • Octal Number System Base: 8 (i.e.; 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 & 7) •Decimal Number System Base: 10 (i.e.; 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 & 9) •Hexadecimal Number System Base: 16 (i.e.; 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 & A- F) In Hexa Decimal Number System: A is represented as 10, B -11, C- 12, D-13, E- 14 & F-15.
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  7 Binary Number System: Abinary number is a number expressed in the base-2 numeral system or binary numeral system, a method of mathematical expression which uses only two symbols: typically "0" (zero) and "1" (one). The base-2 numeral system is a positional notation with a radix of 2. Each digit is referred to as a bit, or binary digit. Because of its straightforward implementation in digital electronic circuitry using logic gates, the binary system is used by almost all modern computers and computer-based devices, as a preferred system of use, over various other human techniques of communication, because of the simplicity of the language and the noise immunity in physical implementation. Importance of binary code: •view websites •create and update documents •play games •view streaming video and other kinds of graphical information •access software •Perform calculations and data analyses.
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  8 Decimal Number System: Inthe decimal number system, the numbers are represented with base 10. The way of denoting the decimal numbers with base 10 is also termed as decimal notation. This number system is widely used in computer applications. It is also called the base-10 number system which consists of 10 digits, such as, 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9. Each digit in the decimal system has a position and every digit is ten times more significant than the previous digit. Octal Number System: A number system with its base as eight and uses digits from 0 to 7 is called Octal Number System. The word octal is used to represent the numbers that have eight as the base. The octal numbers have many applications and importance such as it is used in computers and digital numbering systems.
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  9 Applications of OctalNumber System: Octal Number System is used when the number of bits in one word is a multiple of 3. It is also used as shorthand for representing file permissions on UNIX systems and representation of UTF8 numbers, etc. Advantages and Disadvantages octal: The main advantage of using octal numbers is that it uses less digits than decimal and Hexadecimal number system. So, it has fewer computations and less computational errors. It uses only 3 bits to represent any digit in binary and easy to convert from octal to binary and vice-versa. It is easier to handle input and output in the octal form. The major disadvantage of Octal number system is that computer does not understand octal number system directly, so we need octal to binary converter.
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  10 Hexadecimal Number System: Incomputing, the hexadecimal (also base-16 or simply hex) numeral system is a positional numeral system that represents numbers using a radix (base) of 16. Hexadecimal Number System uses 16 distinct symbols, most often the symbols "0"–"9" to represent values 0 to 9, and "A"–"F" (or alternatively "a"–"f") to represent values from 10 to 15. Software developers and system designers widely use hexadecimal numbers because they provide a human-friendly representation of binary-coded values. Each hexadecimal digit represents four bits (binary digits), also known as a nibble (or nybble). Hexadecimal is used in the transfer encoding Base16, in which each byte of the plaintext is broken into two 4-bit values and represented by two hexadecimal digits.
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  11 Advantages of theHexadecimal number system: •Uses less memory to store more numbers. •Represents computer memory address. •Conversion from hexadecimal to binary and vice-versa is easier. •Input and output in hexadecimal form can be handled easily. Disadvantages of the Hexadecimal number system: •Operations such as multiplication, division are difficult to perform using a hexadecimal number system. •It is hard to deal with computer data with hexadecimal numbers. Applications of the Hexadecimal number system: •Used in microprocessors and computer programming. •Used to describe locations in memory for every byte. •Helps to describe colors on web pages.