Decision support system : Concept and application
- 1. By: Kawita Bhatt (44592)
- 2. 1. Decision 2. Decision Support System 3. Component of DSS 4. Characteristics of DSS 5. Types of DSS 6. Framework for developing DSS 7. Basic types of analytical modeling activities involved in using a DSS 8. Expert system Vs. DSS 9. Examples of DSS 10. Related studies
- 3. What would you do, if you want to finalise a research problem? How would you finalise which problem is critical and requires immediate action??
- 4. • Refers to class of system which supports in the process of decision making and does not always give a decision itself. • Decision Support Systems supply computerized support for the decision making process. • Provides interactive ad hoc support for the decision making process of managers and other business professionals. • End-users apply models to represent, understand, and simplify the decision situation. Decision Support System (DSS)
- 5. Internet, intranets, extranets Other Computer based systems User interface Knowledge- based subsystems Model Management External Model Data Management Organisational Knowledge Base Manager (User) Data: external and internal
- 6. Handle large amounts of data (database searches) Obtain and process data from different sources. Provide report and presentation flexibility to suit the decision maker's needs. Have both textual and graphical orientation like charts, trend lines, tables and more Perform complex, sophisticated analysis and comparisons using advanced software packages
- 7. Data-driven DSS Document- driven DSS Knowledge-driven DSS Model-driven DSS The purpose of such a DSS is to search web pages and find documents on a specific set of keywords or search terms. Technology used to set up such DSSs is via the web or a client/server system Used by complex systems that help analyse decisions or choose between different options. Used by managers and staff members of a business, or people who interact with the organization, Used for scheduling, decision analyses etc. Deployed via software/hardware in stand-alone PCs, client/server systems, or the web. Users within the organization Interacting with the organization, (consumers of a business) silent/server systems, the web, or software running on stand- alone PCs. Used to query a database or data warehouse It is deployed via a main frame system, client/server link, or via the web
- 9. Type of Analytical Modeling Activities examples What-if analysis Observing, hoe changes to selected variables affect other variables What if we cut fertilizers by 10%? What would happen to yield. Sensitivity analysis Observing how repeated changes to a single variable affect other variables Let’s cut fertilizers by 100% repeatedly so we can see its relationship to yield Goal-seeking analysis Making repeated changes to selected variables until a chosen variable reaches to a target value. Let’s try increases in fertilizers Optimization analysis Finding an optimum value for selected variables, given certain constraints What’s the best amount of fertilizers to have, our budget and choice ?
- 10. 1.Facilitates decision making and help executives to take decisions (tailor made decisions) 2.Unstructured environment 3.Alternatives may not be fully realized 4.Extract or gain knowledge from a 5.Use goals and the system data to establish alternative outcomes and make good decision 1.Interactive and make decisions for you (ready made decisions) 2.The decision environments have structure. 3.The alternatives and goals are realized yet often established in advance 4.Inject expert knowledge in to a computer system computer system 5.The expert system can eventually replace the human decision maker EXPERT SYSTEM VS. DSS
- 11. DSS for attendance of employees in an organisation
- 12. The Application of Decision Support System to Forecast the Yield of Agricultural Products in Taiwan Research study: 1 Here researcher established a decision support system by using the rice field of one farmer in Changhwa area. Taiwan as the example and explains how this decision support system works. this research has three purposes: 1. To study how key production factors affect the yield of rice variety No.67. 2. To establish a decision support system to forecast the yield of rice variety No.67. 3. 3. To use Visual Basic to write computer programs which can simulate how yield changes if key production factors change. Source :The Application of Decision Support System to Forecast the Yield of Agricultural Products in Taiwan Lee, Tzong-Ru Associate Professor Department of Agricultural Marketing National Chung-Hsing University Taiwan, R.O.C.
- 13. DSS for yield forecast for rice variety No. 67
- 14. Application of Decision Support Systems and Its Impact on Human Resources Output: A Study of Selected Universities in Zimbabwe Research question : Effectiveness of the decision support system in selected Universities in Zimbabwe? Findings of this study were To a great extent decision support systems are effective in assisting decision making in organizations. Responses from management were concentrated on the higher positive side showing that they agreed that most of the human resource elements were improved by use of the decision support systems. It was recognized that the older the respondent the quicker they solve problems and accurate data collection was found to increase the decision scope. Bongani Ngwenya, 2013. Journal of Computer Sciences and Applications, 2013, Vol. 1, No. 3, 46-54 Research study: 2