Dema Al-khudairS11102368Personal Language ProjectPh.docx

Dema Al-khudairS11102368Personal Language ProjectPh.docx

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  Dema Al-khudair S11102368 Personal LanguageProject: Phrasal Verbs and Franco-Latin Verbs. LING321 Dr. Kathleen Guillaume Due: May 17, 2015 This essay talks about phrasal verbs, Franco-Latin verbs and how English has a parallel system of verbs. First, phrasal verbs are a structure of; verb + preposition or a verb + adverb. It creates a meaning different from the original verb. Example: 1- I ran into my teacher yesterday. (To meet). 2- He ran away when he was 15. (left home). There are two types of phrasal verbs; transitive and intransitive. Transitive verbs can be followed by an object. Example: I made up the story. (created) + object (the story). Intransitive verbs can not be followed by an object. Example: He suddenly showed up. (appeared)+no object. Some transitive phrasal verbs are separable and some transitive phrasal verbs are not. Example (separable transitive phrasal verb): 1-I talked my mother into letting me borrow the car. This sentence has the object in the middle of the phrasal verb. 2- She looked the address number up. The object is in the middle of the phrasal verb. Example (inseparable transitive phrasal verb):
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  1- I raninto my high school friend just yesterday. The object followed after the preposition. 2- They are looking into the problem. The object followed after the preposition. There are many particles in phrasal verbs and each particle carries a different idea or meaning to the verb with it. Off (To distance) Examples: 1-Take Off- The plane took off at 12 noon. 2-Back Off- He backed off when he saw that his manager was angry. 3-Put Off- She had her wedding put off until June. 4- Break Off- The broke off their contract with that company. 5- Ran Off- Her husband ran off without telling his wife anything. 6- Show Off- That man is such a show off. Up (To add to something, expand, the idea of all or nothing) Examples: 1-Put Up- She had to put up with her mother-in-law. 2-Blow Up- The dynamite blew up in the cave. 3-Mark Up- She was told to mark up the summer clothes section. 4-Sell Up- The family sold up their house so that they can move to Paris. 5-Finish up- The children were told to finish up their homework to be rewarded later on. 6- Top Up- The waiter asked the customer if he would like a top up to his coffee. Out: 1- Sell Out- He sold out his apps and ideas to Microsoft. 2- Break Out- The prisoner managed to break out of prison. 3- Pass Out- The room was so hot she passed out. 4-Work Out- Everything worked out in the end. 5-Fill Out- “You must fill out this form”. 6-Hand Out- Each student was given a hand out of the material
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  they need tocover. Down: 1-Stand Down- "After ten years at the head of the company, the chairman has decided to stand down." 2-Write Down- The student was writing down his notes. 3-Break Down- She was so stressed she broke down. 4-Bring Down-The building was brought down. 5-Back Down- She backed down and accepted the odds. 6- Calm Down- She started panicking, she needed to calm down. Onto Franco-Latin verbs, a great number of words in the English language are originally from different languages such as; French, Latin, German, Greek, Arabic and many more. According to many sources, about 45% of the English language has words that originated from the French language. These words do have their “phrasal verb” version, here are some examples: Example: Phrasal Verbs Franco-Latin Verbs Put off Postpone Blow up Explode Break up Divorce Put up Resist Pass Out Faint Stand Down Resign Bring Down
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  Destroy Conclusion: English hasa parallel structure of verbs in the sense of carrying the same meaning. References: 1- http://www.englishpage.com/prepositions/phrasaldictionary.htm l 2- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_English_words_of_French_ origin 3-http://examples.yourdictionary.com/parallel-structure- examples.html 4-http://www.english-at-home.com/idioms/phrasal-verbs-using- out/ 5- http://www.english-at-home.com/idioms/phrasal-verbs-with- down/