![Pattern Name
Used to describe:
a design problem
its solutions
its consequences
Increases design vocabulary
Makes it possible to design at a higher level of
abstraction
Enhances communication
“The Hardest part of programming is coming up with
good variable [function, and type] names.”](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/designpatterncategories-131006004810-phpapp02/85/Design-pattern-categories-4-320.jpg)
Design pattern & categories
- 1. DESIGN PATTERN AND CATEGORIES SRMS College of Engg. & Tech., Bareilly INDIA DR. HIMANSHU HORA
- 2. Patterns Christopher Alexander says “Each pattern describes a problem which occurs over and over again in our environment, and then describes the core of the solution to that problem in such a way that you can use this solution a million times over, without ever doing it the same way twice” A pattern is a solution to a problem occur in every facet of software development, at every phase and at every level of detail
- 3. Elements of Design Patterns Design patterns have four essential elements: Pattern name Problem Solution Consequences
- 4. Pattern Name Used to describe: a design problem its solutions its consequences Increases design vocabulary Makes it possible to design at a higher level of abstraction Enhances communication “The Hardest part of programming is coming up with good variable [function, and type] names.”
- 5. Problem Describes when to apply the pattern Explains the problem and its context May describe specific design problems and/or object structures May contain a list of preconditions that must be met before it makes sense to apply the pattern
- 6. Solution Describes the elements that make up the design relationships responsibilities collaborations Does not describe specific concrete implementation Abstract description of design problems and how the pattern solves it
- 7. Consequences Results and trade-offs of applying the pattern Critical for: evaluating design alternatives understanding costs understanding benefits of applying the pattern Includes the impacts of a pattern on a system’s: flexibility extensibility portability
- 8. Types of Patterns Creational patterns: Deal with initializing and configuring classes and objects Structural patterns: Deal with decoupling interface and implementation of classes and objects Composition of classes or objects Behavioural patterns: Deal with dynamic interactions among societies of classes and objects How they distribute responsibility
- 9. Design Pattern Space Chain of responsibility Command Iterator Mediator Memento Observer State Strategy Visitor Adapter (object) Bridge Composite Decorator Façade Flyweight Proxy Abstract factory Builder Prototype Singleton Object Interpreter Template method Adapter (class)Factory methodClassScope BehaviouralStructuralCreational Purpose
- 10. Creational Patterns Abstract Factory: Factory for building related objects Builder: Factory for building complex objects incrementally Factory Method: Method in a derived class creates associates Prototype: Factory for cloning new instances from a prototype Singleton: Factory for a singular (sole) instance
- 11. Structural Patterns Adapter: Translator adapts a server interface for a client Bridge: Abstraction for binding one of many implementations Composite: Structure for building recursive aggregations Decorator: Decorator extends an object transparently Facade: Simplifies the interface for a subsystem Flyweight: Many fine-grained objects shared efficiently. Proxy: One object approximates another
- 12. Behavioral Patterns Chain of Responsibility: Request delegated to the responsible service provider Command: Request is first-class object Iterator: Aggregate elements are accessed sequentially Interpreter: Language interpreter for a small grammar Mediator: Coordinates interactions between its associates Memento: Snapshot captures and restores object states privately Observer: Dependents update automatically when subject changes State: Object whose behavior depends on its state Strategy: Abstraction for selecting one of many algorithms Template Method: Algorithm with some steps supplied by a derived class Visitor: Operations applied to elements of a heterogeneous object structure
- 13. Benefits of Design Patterns Design patterns enable large-scale reuse of software architectures and also help document systems Patterns explicitly capture expert knowledge and design tradeoffs and make it more widely available Patterns help improve developer communication Pattern names form a common vocabulary Patterns help ease the transition to OO technology
- 14. Drawbacks to Design Patterns Patterns do not lead to direct code reuse Patterns are deceptively simple Teams may suffer from pattern overload Patterns are validated by experience and discussion rather than by automated testing Integrating patterns into a software development process is a human-intensive activity.
- 15. THANK YOU DR. HIMANSHU HORA SRMS College of Engg. & Tech., Bareilly INDIA