1) The document discusses different types of lighting used in photography, including side lighting, back lighting, rim lighting, ambient lighting, soft lighting, hard lighting, spotlight lighting, and artificial lighting.
2) It provides descriptions of each type of lighting, noting how each creates different effects through shadows, contrasts, silhouettes, and highlights. Side lighting adds depth and drama while back lighting can create silhouettes.
3) The document recommends experimenting with combinations of different lighting styles and notes that creative lighting is an integral part of the photographic process.