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Dimension of health
- 2. DIMENSION OF HEALTH Introduction Healthis multidimensional as we know.
- 3. The WHO definitionenvisages three specific dimensions - the physical, the mental and the social these are related to body, mind, Social nature and soul of human being. Many more may be like spiritual emotional, vocational and political dimensions. Although these dimensions function and interact with one another, each has its own nature.
- 4. 1. Physical Dimension Thestate of physical health implies the notion of "perfect functioning" of the body.
- 5. The signs ofphysical health in an individual are: "a good complexion, a clean skin, bright eyes, lustrous hair with a body clean cloths, not too fat, a sweet breath, a good appetite, sound sleep, regular activity of bowels and bladder . smooth, easy, coordinated bodily movements.
- 6. All the vitalsigns or functioning normal and good exercise tolerance are all within the range normally" for the individual's age and sex.
- 7. Evaluation of physicalhealth : Modern medicine. has evolved tools and techniques which be used in various combinations for the assessment of physical health. They include: self assessment of overall health inquiry into symptoms of ill health and risk factors inquiry into medications
- 8. inquiry into levelsof activity inquiry into use of medical services standardized questionnaires for cardiovascular diseases standardized questionnaires for respiratory diseases clinical examination nutrition and dietary assessment biochemical and laboratory investigations
- 9. 2. Mental dimension Mentalhealth is not mere absence of mental illness. Good mental health is the ability to respond to the many varied experiences of life with flexibility and a sense of purpose.
- 10. Mental health hasbeen defined as "a state of balance between the individual and the surrounding world, a state of harmony between oneself and others. Some Psychological factors can induce all kinds of illness, not simply mental ones. They include conditions such as essential hypertension, peptic ulcer and bronchial asthma.
- 11. Some major mentalillnesses such as depression and schizophrenia have a biological component. Mental health is an essential component of health, scientific foundations of mental health are not yet clear. There are some standardized Tool to carry on some specific test for Ex. IQ testing, Personality test.
- 12. Psychologists have mentionedthe following characteristics for a mentally healthy person A mentally healthy person is free from internal conflicts and tension knows himself and neither under estimates nor over estimates, accepts his / her short coming. He is not at "war" with himself.
- 13. He is well-adjusted,i.e., he is able to get along well with others. He accepts criticism and is not easily upset.
- 14. He searches foridentity. He has a strong sense of self-esteem.
- 15. He knows himself:his needs, problems and goals (this is known as self- actualization). He has good self-control-balances rationality and emotionality.
- 16. He facesproblems and tries to solve them intelligently, i.e., coping with stress and anxiety. One of the keys to good health is a positive mental health.
- 17. Social dimension Social well-beingimplies harmony and integration within the individual, between each individual and other member of society
- 18. It has beendefined as the "quantity and quality of an individual's interpersonal relationship and the extent of involvement with the community". The social dimension of health includes the levels of social skills one have a particular ability to adjust with the society
- 19. social functioning andthe ability to see oneself as a member of a larger society. Social health is rooted in "positive material environment“ which is concerned with the social network of the individual.
- 20. Spiritual dimension Itspertains spirits of man it refer to believe in super natural aspect universe which help individual to seek meaning and purpose in life, to resolve both internal as well as external conflict.
- 21. It is associatedwith religious believe of an individuals with provide philosophy of life directions ethical values and principles of integrated an high living, this gives strength and determination to face realistic of life and leave gracefully and meaningfully.
- 22. Emotional dimension The mentaland emotional dimensions have seen as two closely related element. Mental health can be seen as "knowing" or "cognition" while emotional health relates to "feeling".
- 23. Vocational dimension The vocationalaspect of life is a new dimension. It is part of human existence.
- 24. When work isfully adapted to human goals, capacities and limitations, work often plays a role in promoting both physical and mental health. Physical work is usually goal achievement and self-realization in work are a source of satisfaction and enhanced self-esteem.
- 25. The importance ofthis dimension is exposed when individuals suddenly lose their jobs or faced with mandatory retirement. For many individuals, the vocational dimension may be merely a source of income. To produce what the individual considers life success.
- 26. Others A few otherdimensions have also been suggested such as: Cultural dimension Socio-economic dimension Environmental dimension Educational dimension Nutritional dimension Curative dimension Preventive dimension
- 27. Cultural dimension contributes towardshealthy life style some cultural practices have health effects. Where other may have adverse impact on health.
- 28. Therefore it isessential to study the cultural aspect in maintaining the health of an individual. For example performing culture during child birth antenatal care will affect the health of child and mother . The rituals of not giving colostrums at birth hinder the child from nutritious food.
- 29. Socio-economic dimension Condition playimportant role in maintaining the health of an individual poverty is an important factor in causation of disease.
- 30. High Socio economicstatus community can afford better health services and standards of living. Adversely poor community may find difficult to avail health facilities during sickness and may cause high mortality and morbidity though high Socio economic people may get certain diseases due to life style and stress which may not be common among low socio group.
- 31. Educational dimension of peoplebasic education helps in enhancing the knowledge regarding health aspects. Incidences show the educated people as practicing better health habit.
- 32.
- 33. Preventive and Curative Immunizationand adequate treatment promoting regarding the health.
- 34. A glance atthe above dimension shows that there are many “non-medical” dimensions of health, e.g. , social, cultural, educational. Summary – All the above dimension contributes towards healthy life which might help an individual to attain optimum level of health to lead socially and economically productive life.