Disaster management

Disaster management

• 1.
  TYPES OF ENVIRONMENTASSESSMENT
• 2.
  Typesofenvironment assessment Screening Class Screening Comprehensive Study Mediation ReviewPanel
• 3.
  SCREENING: Systematic Approach-documentation theproject-need to eliminate- minimize the adverse effects-modify the project plan-recommended the future assessment through mediation/review panel Vary in time-length-depth-depends upon the circumstances of proposed project, existing environment and environmental effects. Some require: more brief analysis of available information & brief report Others: new background studies, thorough & rigorous. RESPONSIBLE AUTHORITY(RA)-preparation of a report which summarize the findings of the study.
• 4.
  After Screening: RA-determine TheSignificance Of The Environmental Effects Of The Project-1.Action: Project To Proceed(funding, Land Interest, Permit )- Follow-up Program 2. If -Need For Further Review- Responsible Authority -Must Ask The Minister Of The Environment- To Refer –Mediator/Review Panel. Further Review When? 1. Adverse Environmental Effects 2. Effects Are Justified 3. Public Concerns
• 5.
  CLASS SCREENING: • Specialassessment -maintain 0n registry • RA: uses information -model report and prepares individual screening reports for projects location specific or project specific(no funds). • public comments - in making a decision Model class screening • Special assessment of all projects- registry • No location specific or project specific information is needed • Agency declares replacement class screening reports. • public comments - in making a decision Replacement class screening
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  COMPREHENSIVE STUDY: MAJORITY PROJECTS-THROUGH A SCREENING; SOME PROJECTS REQUIRE A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY. LARGE PROJECTS -GENERATE PUBLIC CONCERNS. EXAMPLES OIL AND NATURAL GAS DEVELOPMENTS- NUCLEAR POWER DEVELOPMENTS-MAJOR ELECTRICAL- GENERATION PROJECTS AFTER COMPREHENSIVE STUDY: MINISTER OF THE ENVIRONMENT ISSUES AN ENVIRONMENTALASSESSMENT DECISION STATEMENT- SIGNIFICANCE OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF THE PROJECT AND SETS OUT ANY MITIGATION MEASURES OR FOLLOW-UP . MINISTER OF THE ENVIRONMENT -POWER TO REQUEST ADDITIONAL INFORMATION/ PUBLIC CONCERNS -BEFORE ISSUING THE ENVIRONMENTALASSESSMENT DECISION STATEMENT.
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  MEDIATION: voluntary Process OfNegotiation -appointed By The Minister Of The Environment After Consulting With The Responsible Authority And The Interested Parties. Benefits- Sensitive To Local Concerns ,Less Costly ,Time Consuming . Effective -Only A Few Interested Parties -Issues Are Limited. What Happens To A Project After A Mediation? Successfully Resolves The Issues Under Negotiation. The Mediator -Prepare A Report To RA & Minister Of The Environment-Then Makes It Public. Report Has Been Submitted-Mediator work - Complete.
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  Review Panel Group OfExperts -Selected - Knowledge And Expertise- Appointed By M.O.E. Where Public Concerns Warrant It. Review Panel Submits Its Recommendations to M.O.E. & RA Open Discussion And Exchange Of Views. It Also Provides Opportunity For The Public To Hear The Views Of Government Experts About The Project. Funding Is Available.
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  ASSESSMENT FOR DIFFERENTDISASTER TYPES
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  1. Damage ToBuilding: -Loss of main building -other components attributed to main building -Area covered-collapsed structure -death/injury -loss incurred-debris removal -loss-revenue-idle period -Socio economic cost-damage to house property-repair cost per house-kutcha,puccca and semi pucca house. Goods-artisan assets-rupees.
• 11.
  Damage To land: 1.Shortterm- debris-loss of standing crops 2. Long term- loss of productivity of land Crop damage is assessed: -Area damage per household (ha) -production loss per hectare (quintals) -production loss per household (quintals) -Value of production loss per hectare (Rs) -Value of production loss per household (Rs) Flood recede-long term- impact of crop production-favorable/ unfavorable-soil-deposit if slit-land unfit for cultivation-Rabi crops assessed in terms -Yield per hectare (quintals) - Normal Yield per hectare (quintals) -% variation in yields
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  IMPACT ON HUMANLIVES
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  IMPACT ON HUMANLIVES -death, injury,building collapse,fire. -not only in numbers-expenses incurred due to the death or injury-loss of productivity of the persons due to death ,illness. -Gestation period(2) –unsanitary conditions-contamination of water & food –relief camps-no civic services-epidemic-expenditure on treatment-loss of employment Assessed -% of sickness and its kind -Avg. duration of sickness(days) -Avg. on treatment per household(Rs) -Avg. employment lost per household(days) -Avg. loss of income per household(Rs) Loss of employment classified to the nature of employment: -Agriculture-Dairying-Fisheries-Trade-Business-Service-others