Docker, Kubernetes, and Google Cloud
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This document provides a comprehensive guide on using Docker, Kubernetes, and GCP for deploying containers in the cloud. It covers Docker's basics, workflow, and architecture, alongside Kubernetes' orchestration capabilities, including setup on Mac and Google Cloud. The document also includes practical steps for running, building, and deploying container applications, alongside managing Kubernetes clusters and updating deployments.
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Docker, Kubernetes, and Google Cloud
- 1. DOCKER, KUBERNETES, ANDGCP How do you use these complementary tools to deploy containers in the Cloud?
- 2.
- 3. CONTAINER TECH Nothing new…Existed for years Linux has LXC and Libcontainer, BSD has Jails, Solaris has Zones
- 4. Docker (the company)just figured a clever way to packaging it and adding a rich toolset around it.
- 5. DOCKER BASICS • Dockerruns on Linux x64 (only) • Dependent on libcontainer, a Linux container platform • Container isolation (sandbox): filesystem, process, network • Layered filesystem • Benefits • Versioning • Portability • Lightweight • Faster to launch
- 6. DOCKER WORKFLOW Dockerfile Docker Client dockerbuild Image Docker Client docker run Container Docker Client docker pull docker push Docker Registry Infrastructure Client swarm kubernetes meso
- 7. DOCKER ON MAC • Let’s focus on running Docker on the Mac • Remember Docker only runs on Linux x64 • How do I run it on the Mac? • Need Virtual Machine to emulate a Linux host • Virtual machine (VM) running Linux x64 • Docker engine running on VM • Mac client to communicate with Docker engine on Linux VM
- 8. DOCKER FOR MACVS DOCKER TOOLBOX Docker for Mac Docker Toolbox # VMs 1 Multiple Underlying VM Hypervisor.framework (xhyve) VirtualBox Base OS Alpine Boot2Docker (VM) Management Tool Docker.app docker-machine (VM) Management UI GUI CLI
- 9. MAC DOCKER ARCHITECTURE MacOS X Virtual Machine (VirtualBox)Docker client docker (CLI) Kinematic (GUI) Docker Machine Linux (Boot2Docker) Container 1 Container 2 Kernel Docker Engine Docker Daemon API docker (CLI)
- 10. KUBERNETES ARCHITECTURE Master API Server ReplicationScheduler Config (etcd) Client kubectl Node Kubelet Kube-proxy Pod 1 Container Container Container Engine Pod 2 Container
- 11. KUBERNETES BASICS • Toolto orchestrate containers at scale and managing the application/service stack • Master • API Server and kubectl (client) – communicate and define the desired state • Scheduler – schedule workload on nodes • Replication – correct number of pod replicas • Config – distributed config store • Node (Slave) • Kubelet – communicate with master and start workloads • Kube-proxy – load balancer and direct traffic • Pod – group of 1..n containers tied together for admin and networking • Cluster = masters + nodes
- 12. DEMO Tying together whatwe have learned so far and deploy Docker containers to Google Cloud
- 13. HELLO WORLD ONGOOGLE CLOUD (KUBERNETES) http://kubernetes.io/docs/hellonode/
- 14. PRE-REQUISITES – SERVERSIDE 1. Go to https://console.cloud.google.com/ 2. Create a GCP Project 3. Copy the GCP Project ID
- 15. PRE-REQUISITES – CLIENT(MAC) SIDE # Install node and nvm (node version manager) $ brew update $ brew install nvm $ # Add the following to ~/.bash_profile $ # export NVM_DIR=~/.nvm $ # source $(brew --prefix nvm)/nvm.sh $ nvm install 7.0.0
- 16. PRE-REQUISITES – CLIENT(MAC) SIDE II $ # Install docker $ brew install docker-compose # should also install docker and docker-machine $ # Install google cloud sdk $ brew cask install google-cloud-sdk $ gcloud components install kubectl $ # You may want to add the following: $ EXPORT PATH=$PATH:/opt/homebrew-cask/Caskroom/google-cloud- sdk/latest/google-cloud-sdk/bin/ $ # Set up Google Cloud environment $ export PROJECT_ID="my-google-cloud-project-id"
- 17. AUTHENTICATION # Set upyour account with google cloud sdk $ gcloud auth login my-registered-email $ gcloud config set project my-google-cloud-project- id $ gcloud auth list # Optional: env var set for convenience $ export PROJECT_ID="my-google-cloud-project-id" $ # Note: your project-id != project name
- 18. NODE.JS CODE // Filename:server.js var http = require('http'); var handleRequest = function(request, response) { console.log('Received request for URL: ' + request.url); response.writeHead(200); response.end('Hello World!'); }; var www = http.createServer(handleRequest); www.listen(8080);
- 19. RUN DOCKER-MACHINE ONLOCAL VM $ # Before running any docker commands, run docker-machine to create a VirtualBox instance $ docker-machine create --driver virtualbox default $ docker-machine env $ eval "$(docker-machine env default)" $ docker-machine ls NAME ACTIVE DRIVER STATE URL SWARM DOCKER ERRORS default * virtualbox Running tcp://192.168.99.100:2376 v1.12.0
- 20. DOCKERFILE FROM node:7.0.0 ADD server.js. EXPOSE 8080 CMD node server.js
- 21. DOCKER BUILD $ #Build docker image $ docker images $ docker build -t gcr.io/$PROJECT_ID/helloworld:v1 . $ # Please get your project id right. $ # project name != project id. For example $ # project name = helloworld-kubernetes $ # project id = helloworld-kubernetes-148321
- 22. RUN LOCALLY $ #Run docker locally $ docker run -d -p 8080:8080 --name helloworld gcr.io/helloworld-kubernetes/ helloworld:v1 $ # Docker machine $ docker-machine ls NAME ACTIVE DRIVER STATE URL SWARM DOCKER ERRORS default * virtualbox Running tcp://192.168.99.100:2376 v1.12.3 $ # Docker containers running $ docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 3047947245fa gcr.io/helloworld-kubernetes/helloworld:v1 "/bin/sh -c 'node ser" 4 minutes ago Up 3 minutes 0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp helloworld $ curl http://192.168.99.100:8080 Hello World! # Or just do curl $(docker-machine ip default):8080
- 23. PRIVATE DOCKER REGISTRY(EMPTY)
- 24. PUSH IMAGE TOPRIVATE GOOGLE REGISTRY $ docker images $ gcloud docker -- push gcr.io/$PROJECT_ID/helloworld:v1 $ # If gcloud docker -- push doesn’t work, you probably didn’t set your project id properly. $ # project name != project id. For example $ # project name = helloworld-kubernetes $ # project id = helloworld-kubernetes-148321
- 25.
- 26. PUSH IMAGE TOPRIVATE GOOGLE REGISTRY $ docker images $ gcloud docker -- push gcr.io/$PROJECT_ID/helloworld:v1 $ # If gcloud docker -- push doesn’t work, you probably didn’t set your project id properly. $ # project name != project id. For example $ # project name = helloworld-kubernetes $ # project id = helloworld-kubernetes-148321
- 27. CREATE A CONTAINERCLUSTER
- 28. CONFIGURE A CONTAINERCLUSTER
- 29.
- 30. GET CREDENTIALS FORKUBECTL • API Manager > Create Credentials > Service Account Key • JSON Key type • Download the json file
- 31. AUTH FOR KUBECTL $# If you run kubectl, you see an error message $ kubectl version error: google: could not find default credentials. See https:// developers.google.com/accounts/docs/application-default-credentials for more information. $ You need to authenticate with the crentials $ export GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS=~/helloworld- kubernetes-abcde00000.json $ gcloud auth application-default login $ kubectl version # Should work now
- 32. RUN KUBERNETES NODE $# Create and run a Kubernetes pod $ kubectl run helloworld --image=gcr.io/$PROJECT_ID/helloworld:v1 -- port=8080 deployment "helloworld" created $ # Print deployments $ kubectl get deployments NAME DESIRED CURRENT UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE helloworld 1 1 1 1 1m $ # Print pods $ kubectl get pods NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE helloworld-2696007752-golst 1/1 Running 0 5m
- 33. TEST WEBSITE $ #Expose pod. By default a Kubernetes node is only accessible by its internal IP address $ kubectl expose deployment helloworld -- type="LoadBalancer" $ kubectl get services helloworld NAME CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE helloworld 10.3.247.187 104.198.6.146 8080/TCP 2m $ curl 104.198.6.146:8080 Hello World!
- 34. SCALE WEBSITE $ #Scale the pod to 4 replicas $ kubectl scale deployment helloworld --replicas=4 $ # Get status $ kubectl get deployment $ kubectl get pods
- 35. CHANGE CODE ANDUPDATE GCP $ # Edit server.js $ vi server.js $ # Build and push changes $ docker build -t gcr.io/$PROJECT_ID/helloworld:v2 . $ gcloud docker -- push gcr.io/$PROJECT_ID/helloworld:v2 $ # Deploy changes $ kubectl set image deployment/helloworld helloworld=gcr.io/$PROJECT_ID/helloworld:v2 $ deployment "helloworld" image updated $ kubectl get pods NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE helloworld-2696007752-bergs 1/1 Terminating 0 15m helloworld-2696007752-c87rs 1/1 Terminating 0 15m helloworld-2696007752-golst 1/1 Terminating 0 14h helloworld-2696007752-zwpi4 1/1 Terminating 0 15m helloworld-2777403465-e802v 1/1 Running 0 11s helloworld-2777403465-ksyxe 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 5s helloworld-2777403465-rgq7f 1/1 Running 0 11s helloworld-2777403465-six3e 1/1 Running 0 4s $ kubectl get services helloworld NAME CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE helloworld 10.3.247.187 104.198.6.146 8080/TCP 14h $ curl 104.198.6.146:8080 Hello World 2!
- 36. CLEAN UP $ #Delete pod $ kubectl delete service,deployment helloworld $ # Delete container cluster $ gcloud container clusters delete helloworld
- 37. Q + A Anyquestions? You can find me at @cybersam