Dots, lines and planes

Dots are the basic element of visual communication and the unit of painting,
drawing and artwork.
DOTS
Different
representations of
dots:
•dots at an
intersection
•dots used to create
lines
•a dot as a
conventional circle

DOTS. Expressivity.
A single dot lacks dynamism, suggests little, has a static value and does not
create form or movement. However, when a dot is related to a and associated
with other dots, it can be highly expressive.
OrderOrder DisorderDisorder
ConcentrationConcentration DispersionDispersion Depth distance-
nearness
Depth distance-
nearness
TextureTexture

OrderOrder InstabilityInstability More visual weightMore visual weight
Less visual weightLess visual weight Movement to the
top
Movement to the
top
Movement to
bottom
Movement to
bottom
Dots used to help imagine a shapeDots used to help imagine a shape

Positive and negative dotsPositive and negative dots

DOTS USED IN GRAPHIC ARTS
Dots are used in printers to create the images.

PIXELS IN DIGITAL IMAGES
Pixels act as dots to create digital images.

Mosaic.
Tile.
Cabeza de
medusa.

Seurat :Torre Effiel,
1886
POINTILLISM
Pointillism is a
technique used by
some post-
impressionist
painters at the end of
the nineteenth
century. With this
technique,
brushtrokes are
simplified by the use
of coloured dots.

• A. Miro: GATO, MARIPOSA
Y PÁJARO, 1940

• Vasarely “ Ilusión en relieve “

• W Kandinsky: Algunos círculos, 1926

• Adolph Gottlieb
• “Ráfaga nº 1”

Anish Kapoor. Tall tree and the
eye.

LINES
•The line is the result of a point that moves across a surface.
•The line closes spaces and defines forms. The contour represents the border of
things.

DIFFERENT TYPES OF LINES
INCLINED LINES CURVED LINES
ZIG-ZAG LINES WAVY LINES COMBINATION
LINES

EXPRESSIVENESS OF THE LINE IN
COMPOSITIONS
Straight lines
They suggest rigidity, precision and constancy
Vertical
They express spirituality
and elegance
Horizontal
If they are paralell to the
ground they transmit
repose and stability.
Inclined
these denote
movement, decision and
willingness.

COMPOSITIONS
Curved lines
These lines produce a feeling of
movement, action and dynamism
because they continously chage
direction
Radial lines
These suggest light, explossion
and luminosity

COMPOSITIONS
Broken lines
These lines have a zigzag shape
and sharply change direction,
transmitting imbalance, chaos and
lack of organisation.
Concurrent
All the lines go towards a point or
area of maximum attention. They
force us to look directly at this
area and create a focal point
tension.

DIFFERENT WAYS TO USE LINES
• Basic straight lines to make sketches
• Expressive lines to make drawings
• Lines to create volume

Basic straight lines to make sketches

Expressive line
Alberto Giacometti
Tres cabezas de Diego: 1962

“Rembrandt con la mirada
extraviada”
Engraving

Edward
Hooper,
grabado a
la punta
seca, Night
Shadows,
sombras
nocturnas

• Franz Marc
• “ Mountains”

J. POLLOCK: Océano gris, 1953

DIFFERENT TYPES OF PLANES
GEOMETRIC SHAPESGEOMETRIC SHAPES
ABSTRACT OR ORGANIC SHAPESABSTRACT OR ORGANIC SHAPES

THREE DIMENSIONAL PLANES
• Diego RIVERA:
Desfile de aniversario
de la revolución rusa,
1956

• David HOCKNEY: El
mar en Malibú, 1988
• VÍctor VASARELY:
Triond, 1973

• August
Macke
• “Tienda de
sombreros”

OUR NEXT TASK
• We need:
– Art Book, size A4
– Black or colored felt pens, and pencils (3B)
– Picture of yourself (portrait) in black and white

ACTIVITY 1: SPHERE
1- Draw a ball or a sphere
2- Use the line to create volume like this example:

ACTIVITY 2:
1- Copy your portrait with pencil (try not to press
too hard)
2- Use the line to create volume like you have
done with the sphere.
3- Trace the lines with fine feltpens.

Dots, lines and planes

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