The document discusses various design patterns and frameworks related to web application development. It begins by describing the Model-View-Controller (MVC) pattern, which divides an application into three main components: the model, the view, and the controller. It then provides details on different MVC-based patterns such as the classical MVC pattern, page controller pattern, front controller pattern, application controller pattern, and intercepting filter pattern. The document also discusses view-related patterns like view helpers as well as MVC web frameworks.