Econ322 le1 geografie en ontw
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The document discusses the relationship between geography and economic development, focusing on the questions of why some regions are rich while others are poor. It highlights how geography influences development through trade and health, asserting that while geography provides potential, it is not destiny. The text specifically raises questions about the role of geography in South Africa's economic development path and its impact on institutions.
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Econ322 le1 geografie en ontw
- 1. ECON322 Ontwikkelingsekonomie Development Economics Ontwikkelingspatrone Patterns of development Geografie & Ontwikkeling Geography & Development
- 2. The key questions • Why are some regions / countries rich and others poor? • How persistent are the forces that shape prosperity? • How important is geography? • What are the channels through which geography influences development?
- 3. Geografie is belangrik • Diamond se storie: landbou, oos-wes, siektes • Verklaar 44% van variasie van BBPpc – 64% as jy net na die ou wêreld kyk.
- 4. Geography's influence via trade • Ricardo vs. Smith • Market size and density drives trade (second- nature geography) o The silk route vs. trans-Atlantic trade? • Africa's landlockedness…
- 5. Geografie se invloed via siektes • BBP en afstand vanaf die ewenaar… • Malaria en ander siektes: o Tap energie / produktiwiteit, perk fisieke ontwikkeling in, verminder IK! • Maar goeie gesondheid → produktiwiteit, spare, investering → hoër BBP
- 6. But geography is not destiny, it is only potential • A head start matters, but first-nature geography is only important up to 1500. • Stories of reversals of fortune o St Domingue → Haiti • How geography influenced institutions: o Geography, history, chance → extractive economic institutions → extractive political institutions Elite does not want education, innovation, creative destruction. They make policies to maintain power.
- 7. Ons vraag: • Wat was die rol van geografie in die ekonomiese ontwikkelingspad van Suid- Afrika? • Hoe het geografie Suid-Afrikaanse instellings beïnvloed?