EDUCATIONAL SOCIOLOGY, sociology of edu

SOCIOLOGICAL
FOUNDATIONS OF
EDUCATION
BY
RAKHI SAWLANI

Meaning of
Sociology
 Derived form the greek word Soclus (Greek ) +logos
(latin) = Sociology
 August Comte- Father of sociology (1798 - 1857) France
 Comte was followed by Herbert Spencer – writer of book
“principles of sociology”.
 Branches of specialization- criminal sociology,
educational sociology, industrial sociology, medical
sociology, occupational sociology, rural and urban
sociology.
 Definition –
 Sociology is a science of social relationships.
 Sociology is the study of society .
 Society is a web of complex social relationships and
interactions.
 Sociology is a science of society
 It studies
- human behaviour in groups.
- Social structure and social phenomena
- different forms of human interrelations

Meaning of
educational
sociology
 Educational sociology is a sub division of
sociology which lays emphasis on the social
process which are related to education.
 George Payne (USA) - Father of educational
sociology
 Acc to him, Educational sociology is the
science which describes and explains
institutions, groups and educational
processes in relation to the educational
system in its evolution and changing
function.
 It is necessary for revaluing the whole
process of education in the light of the
principles and data of sociology.The
development of personality or modification of
human behavior which is the aim of
education could be better understood if one
knew the social or psychological forces that
had their pressure on the human individual.
 Educational sociology has the most imp place
in planning, organising, executing and
evaluating the educational process.

John Dewey-
thinker of
Educational
sociology
 John Dewey-thinker of Educational
sociology
 Said that the process of education has two
sides: psychological and sociological.
 He laid stress on the latter by saying all
educational proceeds by the participation of
the individual in the social consiousness of
the race.
 School is a social institution which purifies
and idealises the existing social institution
and custom and is a living society for
children. In india educational ins in ancient
and medieval times was always actuated by
the sociological thinking of the age.
 Brown – Educational sociology is the study
of interaction of individuals and his
cultural environment including other
individual, social groups and patterns of
behavior.

Social
reconstruction
 K.J.Saiyaddin - Any theory or
system of education which fails to
take note of and respond to most
emphatic forces of the contemporary
envt , it is futile and reactionary . It
will never become thus an effective
instrument of social reconstruction.
 An attempt therefore to define the
nature or scope and functions of
education must constantly be
reffered back not only to its directive
ideals and purposes (Philosophy of
education)but also the urgent
dynamic forces which are the
reshaping of the pattern of the
society.

Scope of Educational Sociology
 To study the Social agencies of education
 To study various types of Social relationships and their effect on personality
development.
 To study the process of Socialisation and interactions
 To study the Role of press and media (radio and cinema)in social interaction
and communication.
 To study the Role of education in bringing about social change and control.
 To study the Impact of sociological thinking on the functions and aims of
education, curriculum, school organisation & sociology of teaching.
 Assimilation of tradition and culture – to develop a cosmopolitan outlook,
universal brotherhood,Tolerance towards other societies,
 Devt of new social patterns
 To transform edu to endeavour, to relate it to life, needs and aspirations of the
people and thereby make it a powerful instrument of social, economic and
cultural transformation necessary for realisation of national goals.

Influence of
Educational
Sociology on
aims of
education
The sociological approach to education stresses much on
the social aims of education rather than individual aims.
Acc to Educational sociology, main aim of education is
 to develop social qualities, social values, social feelings,
social activities, social efficiency, Social progress, social
service and prepare individuals for democratic living.
Development of individual not as an independent entity
entirely but as a member of the society who knows his
social responsibilities and obligations. Placing the
community before self.
 Education for citizenship
 Education for democracy – helps in understanding the
democratic structure, developing democratic skills and
values in students as well as the masses.
 Education for vocational efficiency, cultural efficiency,
social efficiency, moral efficiency
 Education for emotional integration, national integration,
international understanding
 Education for worthy home membership
 Education for proper use of leisure and healthy
recreational pursuits
 Transmission of social heritage
 Diffusion of more and more knowledge
 Development of creative and constructive outlook of an
individual

Influence of Educational Sociology on curriculum
Curriculum may define as the sum total of all experiences used by the school in its education of children.The
educational objectives of the school are centred in the goals, aspirations and ambitions of the people living in the
school community.Thus, the rooting of the curr in the aspirations, customs, morals and traditions of a people
constitute the first foundation of curriculum building. Following principles to be kept in mind while constructing
the curriculum:
 It should be based on the conditions, problems, needs and activities of children as well as the society.
 It should reflect cultural and other higher values of the society.
 It should provide educational plans for the participation in the activities of the society.
 It should be flexible i.e. should be revised as per the needs of the society.
 It should develop creative outlook among the students
 It should teach dignity of labor.
 It should emphasise professional and scientific subjects.
 It should make children capable for their livelihood.
 It should prepare the children for world society and international understanding.
 It must include subjects like health and physical education, social studies, languages, mathematics, music and
arts, applied arts, general science-biology, vocational subjects.
 It should prepare the child for global/world society.
 It leads to the development of genuine “we feeling” i.e. of a group having a spirit of social interaction.

Influence of Educational Sociology on Methods Of
Teaching
 Educational Sociology advocates the use of project method, Socialised techniques,
group discussion, techniques of group dynamics.They encourage Cooperative
planning, problem solving and democratic thinking for making adjustments to social
situations.
 Skills and knowledge acquisition in the classrooms.
 MOT must place primary emphasis on the social behaviour outside of the classrom.
 MOT must seek to utilise the social forces operative in the social life in order to
develop capacity for social adjustment.
 Importance to MOT like cooperative group pattern which encourage group
interaction.
 Basic imp of sharing in the learning and teaching process
 Personality development- emotionally stable, socially acceptable, problem solving
and constructive thinking,
 Develop a capacity for social adjusment
 Develop problem solving and constructive thinking

Difference
EDUCATIONAL SOCIOLOGY
 Branch of pure science of sociology
 ES is the application of general principles and findings of
sociology to the administration and whole process of
education including subject matter, methods,
measurement and school organisation.
 It is the study of those phases of sociology that are of
significance for educative purposes. It is applied to the
solution of fundamental educational problems.
SOCIOLOGY OF EDUCATION
 Area of discipline developing on the basis of researches
in school situation.
 SOE is the scientific analysis of social processes and
patterns involved in the educational system.
 It is the Study of relations between education and society.
 Social aspect of education is considered and
emphasised. (sociological principles)

History of devt of ES
The history of devt of sociology starts from 1837 when french philosopher August comte
coined this word. Chief exponents:
 August comte: 1839-Father of sociology
He stated sociology is the application of scientific method in the study of the relationship
between the society and individual. He considered this subject as pure knowledge
because its study can be made through methodical and pure researches. It is a systematic
study of social behaviors and human groups.
 Herbert Spencer: In 1876 he wrote book Principles of Sociology which was responsible
for much devt in sociological studies.
 Frederic Leplay: laid stress on scientific and objective study of sociology.
Sociology is concerned with social interaction, grp, human behaviour, social heritagem,
custom, traditions, caste etc.
 Emile Durkhiem : indicated the need for a sociological app to the study of education
(1922).He considered edu to be something essentially social in character, in its origin and
its functions and that as a result the theory of edu relates more clearly to sociology than to
any other science. Society is the prime factor in determining the educational pattern so
that its socio cultural needs may be satisfied and continues to grow.
 George Payne: In 1928 published book :Principles of ES”. He threw light on the effect of
education on social life and bd of social life on education.

Social functions
of education
• Conservative functions
1. Assimilation of traditions - cultural values by
the help of agencies like school, home and
religious institutions.
 Creative and Constructive functions
1. Development and criticism of new social
patterns for the welfare of inividual as well as
community
2. Development of open mindedness, logical
thinking, creative thinking
 Progressive functions
1. Diffusion of Knowledge
2. Education as the means of social control
3. Social Progress
 Preservative functions
1. Security and transmission of social heritage

EDUCATIONAL SOCIOLOGY, sociology of edu

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