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edvishan public speaking.ppt used in school
- 1. Mastering the Artof Persuasive Communication : A Workshop on Public Speaking Excellence By: Lipika Wadhwa
- 2. PUBLIC SPEAKING: BUILDING CONFIDENCEAND CONQUERING FEARS
- 3. WHY IS PUBLICSPEAKING AN IMPORTANT SKILL TO HAVE? Public speaking is a great life skill to have as it is necessary in many different areas. •Class projects •Job/internship presentations •Club/organization meetings or events •Speech at a family gathering such as a wedding, birthday, anniversary, etc.
- 4. THE ART OFPUBLIC SPEAKING “People’s number one fear is public speaking. Number two is death. Now that means to the average person that if you have to go to a funeral, you’re better off in the casket than doing the eulogy” (Jerry Seinfeld, 1993).
- 5. GLOSSOPHOBIA •The fear ofpublic speaking •The word come from the Greek root “glossa” (which means ‘tongue’) and the root “phobia” (which means ‘fear’)
- 6. • Voice • Presentation •Stage presence • Eye contact • Body language • Physical appearance • Words PUBLIC SPEAKING
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- 8. VOICE • Lower, Louder,Slower
- 9. STAGE PRESENCE • Imaginewhat people see • Be confident • Keep energy high Photo: NDI
- 10. EYE CONTACT •Maintain eyecontact •5 seconds per person •-or- stare at their forehead or just above
- 11. BODY LANGUAGE • Posture/stance •Hand gestures Photo: NDI
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- 13. CONSIDERATIONS • Think ofthe factors that make you most uneasy about public speaking • Body Language • Knowledge of Topic • Keeping an audience’s attention • What nervous symptoms have you had before or while speaking in public?
- 14. PLAN AND PREPARE ◦Proper preparation and rehearsal can help to reduce fear by about 75%. ◦ Proper breathing techniques can further reduce this fear by 15%. ◦ Your mental state accounts for the remaining 10%. It takes one hour of preparation for each minute of presentation time.
- 15. 10 STEPS TOREDUCE SPEAKING JITTERS
- 16. 1. KNOW THEROOM ◦ Arrive early and walk around the room ◦ Stand up front by lectern or podium ◦ Test out the microphone if using one ◦ Walk around where the audience will be seated ◦ Walk from where you will be seated to the place where you will be speaking
- 17. 2. KNOW THEAUDIENCE ◦Try to greet some of the audience and chat with them ◦Friends are easier to talk to than a group of strangers
- 18. 3. KNOW YOURMATERIAL ◦Research topics thoroughly ◦Provide specific examples and scenarios to illustrate your point ◦Read your material aloud and get a feel for how it sounds as it is explained ◦Be mindful and monitor your speed when going over your presentation
- 19. 4. LEARN HOWTO RELAX ◦Sit comfortably with your back straight ◦Breathe in slowly, hold your breath for 4 to 5 seconds, and then slowly exhale ◦To relax your facial muscles, open your mouth wide and eyes wide, and then close them tightly. Pause and open them again
- 20. 5. VISUALIZE YOURSELF SPEAKING ◦Imagineyourself walking confidently to the podium ◦Imagine yourself speaking, your voice loud, clear, and assured ◦When you visualize yourself as successful, you will be successful
- 21. 6. REALIZE PEOPLEWANT YOU TO SUCCEED ◦ Audiences want speakers to be interesting, informative, and entertaining ◦ They want you to succeed, not to fail
- 22. 7. DON'T APOLOGIZE FORBEING NERVOUS ◦Most nervousness does not show ◦If you don't say anything, nobody may notice
- 23. 8. CONCENTRATE ONYOUR MESSAGE ◦ Your nervous feelings will ease as you focus your attention away from your fears. ◦ Concentrate on your message and your audience, not yourself.
- 24. 9. TURN NERVOUSNESSINTO POSITIVE ENERGY ◦ The same nervous energy that causes stage fright can be an asset to you ◦ Harness it, and transform it into vitality and enthusiasm ◦ Learn a quick stress-reducing routine for relaxing your neck, shoulder and facial muscles just before giving your talk ◦ Transform this energy into vitality and enthusiasm in delivering your speech
- 25. 10. GAIN EXPERIENCE ◦Experience builds confidence, which is the key to effective speaking. Most beginning speakers find their anxieties decrease after each speech is delivered.
- 26. 10.DO’S AND DON’TS Don’t: ●makeexcuses ●read your slides or verbatim from notes ●defer answering questions ●overload your slides Do: ●Always repeat audience questions ●Give audiences something to walk away with ●Respect your audience’s time
- 27. CONCLUSION Preparation + Practice= Perfection Remember, he who fails to prepare is preparing for failure!
Editor's Notes
- #8 SLIDE CONTENT: We will talk about all three aspects: words, body language and overall presentation, and voice. Let’s start with your voice. How can you use it to your advantage? There are three characteristics of a powerful voice. When we speak, most of us need to focus on being: Lower: Lower the pitch of your voice. People generally don’t respond well to high-pitched or shrill voices. Louder: Project your voice to the back of the room. Practice on the microphone prior to speaking and remember to position it correctly. Remember to articulate clearly and do not slur your words together. In order to be heard, hold your head up and speak from the diaphragm. Open your mouth wide. Slower: Don’t forget to breathe, pause and add emphasis where needed. Most of us tend to speed up when we get nervous. You are probably speaking more quickly than you think.
- #9 SLIDE CONTENT: Your voice, if used properly, will help you to convey your message. However, as a speaker, your audience will also take cues from your physical presence, how you carry yourself. Imagine if you could see yourself as others see you – just on the basis of your appearance and how you carry yourself. How would they describe you? How would you want them to describe you? The key is to develop sensitivity and awareness of the image you present. Know ahead of time what you want the impression of the audience to be. And remember, you don’t get a second chance to make a first impression and negative impressions are hard to overcome. For one, you need to project confidence. Even on the days you feel less than confident, think about some of your strengths, what you are most proud of, and let it show through your voice, face and the way you carry yourself. Keep your energy high. You don’t won’t to seem overly enthusiastic but you do want to appear happy to be there and excited to share your thoughts with the audience. By the end of your speech, you want them to be as enthusiastic as you are about your cause. TRAINER NOTE: Remind participants that their audience may already have preconceived notions about who they are based on the fact that they are women. How are women generally perceived in your country as speakers? As political activists? Remind participants that they have to be even stronger to overcome what are often negative perceptions and stereotypes.
- #10 SLIDE CONTENT: One form of body language is eye contact or the lack thereof. Be sure to communicate and make contact with your eyes – they reveal your sincerity and strength and tell someone how accessible and approachable you are. What do you think of people who won’t look you in the eye? They may seem untrustworthy or disinterested or they may seem like they are lacking confidence. That isn’t the image that you want to convey. Make eye contact with one person at a time and hold it for about five seconds before moving to the next person and slowly make your way across the room. If you are too nervous to look people in the eye, try and identify a few pairs of “friendly eyes” – people who seem to be sending you encouragement and appreciating what you have to say, to make eye contact with. If you are still too nervous, you could also look at their foreheads or just above their heads. They will still think you are looking them in the eye if you do it properly. TRAINER NOTE: Remember to adapt this presentation to fit the context in your country. For example, it may not be appropriate to look people in the eye, depending on the country.
- #11 SLIDE CONTENT: Remember that 55% of any message is communicated by non-verbal body language. As we discussed earlier, effective public speakers should have a strong presence. You are watched even before you speak, from the moment you enter the room to the moment you walk to the front to speak so pay attention to your body language right from the beginning. Practice good posture and don’t slouch your shoulders. Your posture is important. Do not lean on the lectern or clutch it for security; use it occasionally to rest your hands. Standing up straight and tall projects confidence. Avoid making people nervous by “dancing” or shifting the balance of your weight from side to side. It is good practice to place your legs about shoulder-length apart and if sitting, to sit on the edge of your chair. If hand gestures are natural for you when speaking, use them appropriately. Keep your hands in the “hand box” – roughly the middle section of your body to avoid wildly gesturing and distracting the audience from your words. Also avoid the temptation to use your hands for other purposes – such as engaging in distracting habits such as touching your hair or playing with a pen. You may not even notice you are doing it, so watch yourself in a mirror while practicing your speech to make sure your hands are complementing your words and not distracting from them. Another idea would be to have someone videotape you practicing your speech and watch it afterwards.
- #12 SLIDE CONTENT: While many of us wish that our physical appearance weren’t so important, the truth is that it does contribute to the overall impression our audience has of us. This is especially true for women. How often have you heard people in the audience discussing what a male speaker was wearing? Like it or not, we as women need to consider the message we are sending when picking out our clothes, shoes, accessories, and makeup. TRAINER NOTE: Remember to adapt the content of this slide to your country and participants. Refer to the Trainer’s Guide for additional guidance on each of the bullet points. OPTIONAL HANDOUT: Image and Presentation
- #16 Now that we have identified our fears of speaking in public, let's take a look at some ways that we can overcome our stage nerves.
- #17 Now that we have identified our fears of speaking in public, let's take a look at some ways that we can overcome our stage nerves.
- #20 Now that we have identified our fears of speaking in public, let's take a look at some ways that we can overcome our stage nerves.
- #25 If the fear of public speaking causes you to prepare more, then the fear of speaking serves as its own best antidote. Professional speakers say that preparation and practice are the two most critical things to do before delivering a speech. When you feel prepared and have practiced delivering the speech, the butterflies that you feel in your stomach will fly into formation very quickly. After that initial release of the voice at the podium, the butterflies begin to settle and the nerves begin to calm.
- #26 Do: -Repeat audience questions, this is especially important if you are in a large room where the rest of the audience did not hear or understand the question being asked. Repeating the question also confirms your understanding of the question to the person asked you the question. -Give the audiences something to walk away with. What can audiences walk away from your presentation knowing or feeling that they did not know or feel before. What immediate actions do you want them to take? -Respect your audiences’ time, if you are asked to present for an hour go for 50 minutes, a thirty minute presentation should go for 25 minutes. This allows time for your audience to ask questions as well as insures that you are not stealing time from your audience members. **This is especially true if you are presenting at a conference and your audience needs to get to another presentation, lunch, or home. Don’t: -Don’t make excuses, don’t tell your audience that: you just put this presentation together, you didn’t have time to prepare, or that you’re not good at presenting. Have confidence in yourself, the quality of your hard work, and in your abilities. -Don’t read from your slides, if you can help it don’t even look at your slides. The slides are there to help your audience follow along, not to tell you what to say. Don’t read from your notes, your audience is able to read, but they are attending your presentation to listen to you, don’t read to them. -If an audience member asks a question that fits well into where you are in your presentation, be sure to answer their question immediately. If they are jumping ahead, you should feel comfortable jumping ahead, answering their question, and then going back and continuing where you left off. The thought behind this philosophy is that you do not want to stifle or hinder any engagement from your audience. If you don’t know the answer to a specific question, thats fine, let them know that you will get back to them and be sure to follow through on your promise to do so. -Your slides are to act as a visual aid to your audience. Don’t let your visual aid be a visual distraction. Your slides should be simple, easy to follow, and complement your presentation.