Embedded gsm automation
- 2. What is an Embedded System? Hardware + Software = Embedded Systems 2 www.focustm.in
- 3. What is an Embedded System? Software which controls the hardware A system encapsulated within a large device to perform a particular task Is a part of large system For dedicated applications 3 www.focustm.in
- 4. Hardware Standard components • Microprocessors, Memory, Diodes, Etc System level components • Sensors, I/O peripherals, Networking elements. www.focustm.in
- 5. Standard Components 5 www.focustm.in
- 6. Micro Processor versus Micro Controller ALU ALU I/O ACC. ACC. I/O REG. INT. REGISTERS UART ROM PC SP PC SP INT. INT CLK INT CLK RAM MICROPROCESSOR MICRO CONTROLLER 6 www.focustm.in
- 7. System level components IR Sensor Temperature Sensor Obstacle Sensor Gas Sensor Finger print Sensor www.focustm.in
- 8. I/O Peripherals ZigBee GSM MODEM GPS RFID www.focustm.in
- 9. Software High Level Language – User Friendly Compiler – Easily generate the machine code Easy to develop and maintain Portable Not necessary to know complete architecture www.focustm.in
- 10. Flow Diagram of Compiler Source Code Preprocessor Expanded Source Code Compiler OBJ Code Linker EXE www.focustm.in
- 11. Compilers and Cross Compilers Compilers – Coding in one host and the target is same host Cross Compilers – Coding in one host and the target is different www.focustm.in
- 12. Cross Compilers List MPLAB CCS Code Vision AVR Keil Micro Vision Raisonance IDE Etc…. www.focustm.in
- 13. Characteristics of Embedded System Single-functioned Tightly-constrained: low cost, low power, small, fast Reactive and real-time Reliable, dependable Efficient www.focustm.in
- 14. Application Areas Automotive electronics Avionics Trains Telecommunication 14 www.focustm.in
- 15. Application Areas Medical systems: e.g. • Artificial eye: Camera attached to glasses with computer output directly connected to the brain Translation into sound with much better resolution 15 www.focustm.in
- 16. Application Areas Military applications Authentication 16 www.focustm.in
- 17. Application Areas 17 www.focustm.in
- 18. Application Areas Industrial automation Smart buildings www.focustm.in
- 19. Application Areas Robotics Robot “Pipe-climber” “Johnnie“ (Courtesy and ©: H.Ulbrich, F. Pfeiffer, TU München) 19 www.focustm.in
- 20. Mobile Phones Multiprocessor • 8-bit/32-bit • DSP for signals • 32-bit in IR port • 32-bit in Bluetooth 8-100 MB of memory All custom chips Power consumption & battery life depends on software 20 www.focustm.in
- 21. Mobile Base Station Massive signal processing • Several processing tasks per connected mobile phone Based on DSPs • Standard or custom • 100s of processors 21 www.focustm.in
- 22. Telecom Switch Rack-based • Control cards • IO cards • DSP cards • ... Optical & copper connections Digital & analog signals 22 www.focustm.in
- 23. Embedded System Architecture Usually working in a loop (“hardware in a loop”): display A/D converter Information (sample-and-hold) processing D/A converter Sensors Actuators environment Embedded system 23 www.focustm.in
- 24. Why OS in Embedded Device? Support for multitasking, scheduling, and synchronization Support for a wide range of I/O devices Support for file systems Scheduling and buffering of I/O operations Support for networking Memory management Support for graphics displays Security and Power Management 24 www.focustm.in
- 25. OS for Real-Time System A real-time system must respond to external inputs and produce new outputs in a limited amount of time. The response time needs to be bounded General-purpose desktop OS are not designed for real-time use • Real-time OS needs to be initially designed for real-time use in order to provide fast bounded response times 25 www.focustm.in
- 27. What is GSM ? A GSM modem is a wireless modem that works with a GSM wireless network. A wireless modem behaves like a dial-up modem. The main difference between them is that a dial- up modem sends and receives data through a fixed telephone line while a wireless modem sends and receives data through radio waves. www.focustm.in
- 28. GSM: History Aim : to replace the incompatible analog system Developed by Group Spéciale Mobile (founded 1982) which was an initiative of CEPT ( Conference of European Post and Telecommunication ) Presently the responsibility of GSM standardization resides with special mobile group under ETSI ( European telecommunication Standards Institute ) Under ETSI, GSM is named as “ Global System for Mobile communication “ www.focustm.in
- 29. Today many providers all over the world use GSM (more than 135 countries in Asia, Africa, Europe, Australia, America) More than 1300 million subscribers in world and 45 million subscriber in India. www.focustm.in
- 30. GSM in World Figures: March, 2005 Arab World 3% Asia Pacific 3% 3% Africa 3% (INDIA) East Central Asia 4% 37% Europe Russia 43% 4% India 1% North America South America www.focustm.in
- 31. VARIOUS AUTOMATIONS USING GSM GSM/GPRS Automation with Controllers and PC. Monitoring Units and PLC Controllers with GSM/GPRS. GSM Controller – SMS monitoring with PLC. GPRS Controller – GPRS real time control with PLC. Vehicle Tracking using GPS/SGM/GPRS. Remote field data logging and control. www.focustm.in
- 32. GSM/GPRS AUTOMATION WITH CONTROLLERS AND PC The GSM/GPRS concept may be used as it is in any automation projects and/or suitable parts may be integrated into any existing systems and machines for remote automation www.focustm.in
- 33. PLC CONTROLLERS WITH GSM/GPRS. www.focustm.in
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- 36. GSM Services Tele-services Bearer or Data Services Supplementary services www.focustm.in
- 37. Tele Services Telecommunication services that enable voice communication via mobile phones • Offered services Mobile telephony Emergency calling www.focustm.in
- 38. Bearer Services Include various data services for information transfer between GSM and other networks like PSTN, ISDN etc at rates from 300 to 9600 bps Short Message Service (SMS) up to 160 character alphanumeric data transmission to/from the mobile terminal fax Voice mailbox Electronic mail www.focustm.in
- 39. Supplementary Services Call related services : • Call Waiting- Notification of an incoming call while on the handset • Call Hold- Put a caller on hold to take another call • Call Barring- All calls, outgoing calls, or incoming calls • Call Forwarding- Calls can be sent to various numbers defined by the user • Multi Party Call Conferencing - Link multiple calls together www.focustm.in
- 40. GSM Operation Speech Speech Speech coding Speech decoding 13 Kbps Channel Coding Channel decoding 22.8 Kbps Interleaving De-interleaving 22.8 Kbps Burst Formatting Burst Formatting 33.6 Kbps Ciphering De-ciphering 33.6 Kbps Modulation Radio Interface Demodulation 270.83 Kbps www.focustm.in
- 41. Outgoing Call 1. MS sends dialled number to BSS 2. BSS sends dialled number to MSC 3,4 MSC checks VLR if MS is allowed the requested service. If so, MSC asks BSS to allocate resources for call. 5 MSC routes the call to GMSC 6 GMSC routes the call to local exchange of called user 7, 8, 9,10 Answer back(ring back) tone is routed from called user to MS via GMSC,MSC,BSS www.focustm.in
- 42. Incoming Call 1. Calling a GSM subscribers 2. Forwarding call to GSMC 3. Signal Setup to HLR 4. 5. Request MSRN from VLR 6. Forward responsible MSC to GMSC 7. Forward Call to current MSC 8. 9. Get current status of MS 10.11. Paging of MS 12.13. MS answers 14.15. Security checks 16.17. Set up connection www.focustm.in
- 43. GSM modem o Wireless modem o Like GSM mobile, GSM modem requires a SIM card o Behaves like dial-up modem o Modem sends and receives through radio waves. o Dial-up use a fixed telephone line. www.focustm.in
- 44. GSM modem A GSM modem can be a dedicated modem device with a serial, USB or Bluetooth connection, or it may be a mobile phone that provides GSM modem capabilities The basic segregation of working of the modem is as under: • Voice calls • SMS • GSM Data calls www.focustm.in
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- 46. APPLICATIONS Remote control switching of vehicle engine pre-heaters Remote control switching of irrigation systems, water well pumps and pumping stations Automated gate remote control Remote control lighting Security systems www.focustm.in
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- 49. AT commands AT commands are instructions used to control a modem. AT is the abbreviation of ATtention. Every command line starts with "AT" or "at“. Commands are usually followed by at least a minimal response of: “OK” if the command line has been executed successfully or “ERROR” if the command line has errors or is not executed successfully. www.focustm.in
- 50. AT commands To call ATD phone number; To send message AT+CMGS=“ phone number” message ctrl+Z www.focustm.in
- 51. AT commands To receive message AT+CNMI=2,2,0,0,0 To read message AT+CMGR www.focustm.in
- 52. Types of GSM Types of GSM and band used in the frequency spectrum GSM 850 GSM 900 GSM 1800 GSM 1900 The number indicates the frequency band, in MHz, www.focustm.in
- 53. Applications • Automatic Meter Reading • GSM Pay Phones • Traffic management • Remote data logging and reporting • Security systems www.focustm.in
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- 55. Advantages of GSM over Analog system Capacity increases Reduced RF transmission power and longer battery life. International roaming capability. Better security against fraud (through terminal validation and user authentication). Encryption capability for information security and privacy. Compatibility with ISDN,leading to wider range of services www.focustm.in
- 56. Future Of GSM 2nd Generation GSM -9.6 Kbps (data rate) 2.5 Generation ( Future of GSM) HSCSD (High Speed ckt Switched data) Data rate : 76.8 Kbps (9.6 x 8 kbps) GPRS (General Packet Radio service) Data rate: 14.4 - 115.2 Kbps EDGE (Enhanced data rate for GSM Evolution) Data rate: 547.2 Kbps (max) 3 Generation WCDMA(Wide band CDMA) Data rate : 0.348 – 2.0 Mbps www.focustm.in
- 57. Thank you by, Focus Tech Media No.3, Gem Plaza, II Floor, SRC Road, Trichy-2. Off: +91 431-4544 142. Mob: 90030 10012/14. E-Mail Id: [email protected] www.focustm.in www.focustm.in