Concept of Object Oriented Programming
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This document discusses encapsulation, one of the four pillars of object-oriented programming (OOP). It defines encapsulation as hiding an object's implementation from other objects while presenting only visible interfaces. An encapsulated object can be thought of as a black box that hides its inner workings and only allows interaction through interface methods. The benefits of encapsulation include providing abstraction and protecting an object's data integrity by controlling access. Setters and getters are discussed as a way to allow controlled access to private data through validation and formatting. An example bank account class demonstrates how encapsulation prevents direct changes to an account balance.
Concept of Object Oriented Programming
- 1. © Prognoz Technologies Pvt. Ltd Encapsulation
- 2. © Prognoz Technologies Pvt. Ltd OOP Encapsulation Inheritance Polymorphism Abstraction 4 pillars of OOPS
- 3. © Prognoz Technologies Pvt. Ltd Encapsulation Hiding implementation details of an object from its clients. Encapsulation provides abstraction. separates external view (behavior) from internal view (state) Encapsulation protects the integrity of an object's data.
- 4. © Prognoz Technologies Pvt. Ltd Defining Encapsulation 4 Encapsulation is the process of hiding an object’s implementation from another object, while presenting only the interfaces that should be visible. An encapsulated object can be thought of as a black box or an abstraction. Its inner workings are hidden to the client, which only invokes the interface methods. A=10 B=10 C=20 Addition
- 5. © Prognoz Technologies Pvt. Ltd 1st Principles of Encapsulation “Don’t ask how I do it, but this is what I can do” - The encapsulated object 5 How this thing sending message?
- 6. © Prognoz Technologies Pvt. Ltd 2nd Principles of Encapsulation “I don’t care how, just do your job, and I’ll do mine” - One encapsulated object to another 6
- 7. © Prognoz Technologies Pvt. Ltd Encapsulating a Class Members of a class must always be declared with the minimum level of visibility. Provide setters and getters (also known as accessors/mutators) to allow controlled access to private data. Provide other public methods (known as interfaces ) that other objects must adhere to in order to interact with the object. 7
- 8. Setters and Getters private char sex; public void setSex(char s) { // validate here sex = s; } public char getSex() { // format here return sex; } Setters are methods that (only) alter the state of an object Getters are methods that (only) return information about the state of an object
- 9. © Prognoz Technologies Pvt. Ltd Example 9
- 10. © Prognoz Technologies Pvt. Ltd Benefits of encapsulation Provides abstraction between an object and its clients. Protects an object from unwanted access by clients. Ex: A bank app forbids a client to change an Account's balance.
- 11. © Prognoz Technologies Pvt. Ltd Thank you!! 11