Enhancing benefits from aquatic ecosystems: Nakambe sub-basin Case study
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The document discusses a case study of the Nakambe sub-basin in Burkina Faso. It outlines the presentation which covers the basin system and sub-systems, an overview of the Nakambe basin, external drivers of change, impacts of basin changes on aquatic ecosystems and livelihoods, analytical tools used, and proposed management interventions. The basin has experienced changes like land use change, water storage, and impacts to hydrology and aquatic ecosystems. Analytical tools like mapping and modeling were used to assess these impacts. Management interventions focus on sustainable development and equitable benefit-sharing of small water bodies.
Enhancing benefits from aquatic ecosystems: Nakambe sub-basin Case study
- 1. Enhancing benefits from aquatic ecosystems: Nakambe sub-basin Case study BFP Fisheries Workshop February 6-7, 2008 F. Gichuki and D. Coulibaly Enhancing basin level water productivity to achieve sustainable improvements in human and ecological well-being
- 2. Presentation Outline • Introduction • Basin system, sub-systems and their interactions • Nakambe basin overview • External drivers • Basin changes and impacts on aquatic ecosystems and livelihoods • Analytical tools • Management interventions Enhancing basin level water productivity to achieve sustainable improvements in human and ecological well-being
- 3. Basin system and sub-systems es s vic ice In r In rv se pu p se ut d ts s an d an an an ds d d ds o m m go o an an go em ag ag m em e st te m sy ys en en co os tc t E co Ec on n t ro tro ls ls Enhancing basin level water productivity to achieve sustainable improvements in human and ecological well-being
- 4. Basin processes, aquatic ecosystems and livelihoods Aquatic ecosystems goods and services and their livelihood outcomes Enhancing basin level water productivity to achieve sustainable improvements in human and ecological well-being
- 5. Integrated basin management Erosion Water and other material flows Source: MEA, 2005 Effects on livelihoods & Conservation Enhancing basin level water productivity to achieve sustainable improvements in human and ecological well-being
- 6. Water cycle and ecosystems Direct impacts on the atmospheric ecosystem Indirect impacts on “blue” water marine ecosystems Indirect impacts on “green” water terrestrial ecosystems Atmospheric ecosystems indirect impacts on atmospheric ecosystem (through evapo- transpiration cycle) Indirect impacts on aquatic ecosystems Terrestr ial ecosystems Direct impacts on terrestrial ecosystem Direct impacts on Indirect impacts on Indirect impacts Indirect impacts aquatic ecosystems terrestrial ecosystem on atmospheric on aquatic ecosystem ecosystem Indirect impacts on coastal marine ecosystem Indirect impacts Aquatic ecosystems on subterranean Coastal ecosystems marine Indirect impacts ecosystems on aquatic ecosystem Direct impacts on coastal marine Subterranean ecosys tems Indirect impacts ecosystem on terrestrial Indirect impacts ecosystems on coastal marine Direct impacts on Indirect impacts on ecosystems subterranean ecosystems aquatic ecosystems Enhancing basin level water productivity to achieve sustainable improvements in human and ecological well-being
- 7. Basin overview •Area – 40,836 km2 •climate – Unimodal rainfall •Landform – Gentle slope Ouahigouya 250 200 150 100 50 0 Ouagadougou 250 200 150 100 50 0 November December March June September O ctober January February May July April August Po 250 200 150 100 50 0 November December March June September O ctober January February May July April August Enhancing basin level water productivity to achieve sustainable improvements in human and ecological well-being
- 8. External drivers of change 1976 2,0 1978 1994 1980 1992 1998 1,5 2003 2001 2005 • Rainfall variability 1999 1988 2000 1,0 1979 0,5 0,0 1986 1982 1993 -0,5 1977 1989 1997 1983 1996 1987 1995 1981 -1,0 1991 1985 2002 2004 -1,5 1990 -2,0 1984 -2,5 • Demand for aquatic good and services – Population growth – Urbanization – Increase in fish consumption • Trade – Local, national and international • Contribution of basin to national economy – Population, agriculture, hydropower and industry Enhancing basin level water productivity to achieve sustainable improvements in human and ecological well-being
- 9. Basin change and their impacts • Land use change • Water storage • Hydrology • Aquatic ecosystems Enhancing basin level water productivity to achieve sustainable improvements in human and ecological well-being
- 10. Basin change and their impacts •Aquatic ecosystems Area in hectares 1990 2005 Type of aquatic ecosystem 4 months 8 months 12 months 4 months 8 months 12 months Rivers and floodplains 380 275 150 380 215 123 Lakes and seasonal swamps 4400 2650 1800 4150 2450 1300 Reservoirs 25000 17800 9500 38000 24800 21500 Irrigation canals and fields 2300 1500 890 3300 2240 1800 Wastewater lagoons 45 43 41 62 58 55 Enhancing basin level water productivity to achieve sustainable improvements in human and ecological well-being
- 11. Basin change and their impacts •Increased number of small reservoirs Enhancing basin level water productivity to achieve sustainable improvements in human and ecological well-being
- 12. Basin change and their impacts •Longitudinal analysis of small reservoir Enhancing basin level water productivity to achieve sustainable improvements in human and ecological well-being
- 13. Analytical tools • Mapping aquatic ecosystems and assessing water storage dynamics • Modelling hydrologic impacts (SWAT) Enhancing basin level water productivity to achieve sustainable improvements in human and ecological well-being
- 14. Management Interventions Management issues for a range of small water bodies in Burkina Faso (de Graaf & Waltermath 2003). Large (20-700 ha) Medium (5-20 ha) Small (1-5 ha) Management & ownership by Management & ownership by Management & ownership by more than one village only one village one (extended) family group People view management as the Local management is possible Distribution of benefits business of the government in cases where legal framework regulated locally through exists traditional mechanisms Difficult to obtain exclusive Exclusive access can be Access rights are normally access for local management organized exclusive to the family group entities. Impact of investments in Impacts of investments are Impacts of investments obvious management are difficult to relatively easy to monitor to owners monitor Inequitable distribution of Benefits more equitably Benefits distributed according benefits among stakeholders distributed among stakeholders to family norms Management generally not Can be sustainable if developed Highly sustainable sustainable outside of a project under a proper legal context. framework Enhancing basin level water productivity to achieve sustainable improvements in human and ecological well-being
- 15. Enabling conditions Stakeholders commitment, management capacity enhanced, cost and benefit sharing Behavioral change of actors and their institutions to enhance productivity, achieve pro-poor growth and protect the environment equitably and sustainably Management Interventions Enhancing basin level water productivity to achieve sustainable improvements in human and ecological well-being
- 16. Thanking you for your attention Enhancing basin level water productivity to achieve sustainable improvements in human and ecological well-being