Environmental Impact Assessment
The document discusses environmental impact assessment (EIA), which identifies and evaluates the potential environmental effects of proposed projects. The purpose of EIA is to ensure decision-makers consider environmental impacts when deciding whether to approve a project. The EIA process involves scoping, evaluating the baseline environment, identifying alternatives and their impacts, developing mitigation measures, and documenting the assessment. EIA began in the 1960s and was codified in legislation like the US National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 and Philippine laws in the 1970s-1980s that require assessing impacts of projects affecting the environment. The EIA process generally involves initial screening of a project followed by a preliminary assessment or full EIA study if significant impacts are possible.
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Environmental Impact Assessment
- 1. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT Under: Environmental Management System
- 2. Environmental impact assessment (EIA) - is an assessment of the possible positive or negative impact that a proposed project may have on the environment, together consisting of the environmental, social and economic aspects. What is Environmental impact assesment ?
- 3. What is the purpose of EIA ? Identify those projects or activities that may cause potential significant impacts To ensure that decision makers consider the ensuing environmental impacts when deciding whether to proceed with a project.
- 4. EIA - the process of identifying, predicting, evaluating and mitigating the biophysical, social, and other relevant effects of development proposals prior to major decisions being taken and commitments made. EIA as a Process - International Association for Impact Assessment (IAIA)
- 5. EIA Background In 1960s - EIAs began to be used as part of a rational decision making process EIA was made legislation in the US in the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) 1969
- 6. Cont. EIA Background EIA Laws (Philippines) PD 1151 (Philippine Environmental Policy of 1977) Requires sponsors of projects affecting the quality of the environment to prepare environmental impact statements PD 1586 (1978) Establishment of the Philippine Environmental Impact Statement System w/ the National Environmental Protection Council (NEPC) as the lead agency.
- 7. The EIA Process 7 • Scope • Evaluate baseline situation • Identify & choose alternatives • Identify and characterize potential impacts of proposed activity and each alternative • Develop mitigation and monitoring • Communicate and document Phase I: Initial inquiries Phase II: Full EIA study (if needed) •Understand proposed activities •Screen •Conduct preliminary assessment (if needed) END
- 8. Screen the activity Based on the nature of the activity what level of environmental review is indicated? Conduct a Preliminary Assessment A rapid, simplified EIA study using simple tools (e.g. the USAID IEE) ACTIVITY IS OF MODERATE OR UNKNOWN RISK SIGNIFICANT ADVERSE IMPACTS POSSIBLE SIGNIFICANT ADVERSE IMPACTS VERY UNLIKELY ACTIVITY IS LOW RISK (Of its nature, very unlikely to have significant adverse impacts) ACTIVITY IS HIGH RISK (Of its nature, likely to have significant adverse impacts) Phase IIPhase IUnderstand proposed activity Why is the activity being proposed? What is being proposed? BEGIN FULL EIA STUDY STOP the EIA process Phase 1 of the EIA Process Back
- 9. END OF REPORT Baldovino, Elly Brent Cantero, Kenneth Lopena, Ermar