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Erik Erikson Development Stages
This document summarizes Erik Erikson's psychosocial theory of development. It describes the eight stages of development from infancy to late adulthood, including the key conflict or strength developed at each stage. For example, the first stage of Trust vs. Mistrust occurs in infancy, when babies must learn to trust their parents' care and affection or may develop distrust. The document also provides overviews of Erikson's philosophy and the history and key concepts of his psychosocial theory.
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Overview of Freud and Erikson's contributions to psychosocial development theories.
Erikson's theory focuses on social experiences affecting identity across eight life stages.
In infancy, trust in caregivers is crucial; mistrust can lead to viewing the world negatively.
During toddlerhood, children gain independence; failure can result in shame and self-doubt.
Preschoolers learn initiative; misbehavior can lead to guilt regarding parental expectations.
In school age, children strive for competence; feelings of inferiority can arise from failure.
Adolescents seek identity; confusion can occur regarding personal role and happiness.
In young adulthood, relationships are key; isolation may result from fear of intimacy.
Middle adulthood involves guiding the next generation; stagnation can arise from self-centeredness.
Late adulthood focuses on life reflection; regrets may lead to despair over life's meaning.
Erikson recognized cultural impacts on behavior; key factors include mind, body, and context.
His philosophy highlights how life's challenges can hinder progress but the human spirit can prevail.
Erikson's stages guide expectations in life; each person navigates their own developmental path.
Presentation concluded with a thank you note.
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Erik Erikson Development Stages
- 2. Psychosocial Development • Therewere two psychologists who had developed famous psychosocial theories: Freud, and Erikson. • Erikson believes that personality develops in a series of stages. • Freud’s theory is well known but also very controversial.
- 3. Erikson’s Theory ofDevelopment • Shows impact of social experiences across ones whole lifespan. • There are eight stages over a lifespan showing the development. • The main elements behind his theory is the identity of ones ego. • According to his theory when conflicts arise people have the opportunity to grow or fail equally.
- 4. Trust vs. Mistrust •Occurs in infancy. (birth-18 months). • Babies must learn to trust there parents care and affection. • If not done the babies could develop a distrust and view the world as inconsistent and unpredictable. • Questions ones hope.
- 5. Autonomy vs. Shameand Doubt • Occurs in the toddler age. (18 months-3 years). • Child learns to feed themselves and do things on there own. • Or they could start feeling ashamed and doubt their abilities. • Questions the child's willpower.
- 6. Initiative vs. Guilt •Preschool age (3-5 years old). • Using initiative in planning or carrying out plans. • Or develop a sense of guilt over misbehavior regarding parents limits. • Questions ones purpose and role in life.
- 7. Industry vs. Inferiority •School age (5-11 years of age). • Learn to follow the rules imposed by schools or home. • Or the child can start believing they are inferior to others. • Questions competency.
- 8. Identity vs. RoleConfusion • Adolescence (11-18 years of age). • Acquire a sense of identity. • Or can become confused about ones role in life. • Questions who you are and if your happy.
- 9. Intimacy vs. Isolation •Young adulthood (18-40 years of age). • Develop a relationship and joint identity with a partner. • Or can become isolated and stay away from meaningful relationships. • Questions if the person is ready for new relationships, or if there is a fear of rejection.
- 10. Generativity vs. Stagnation • • • • Middleadulthood (40-65 years of age). Making use of time and having a concern with helping others and guiding the next generation. Or can become self-centered, and stagnant. Questions what the person will do with their extra time.
- 11. Integrity vs. Despair •Late adulthood (60-and up). • Understand and accept the meaning of temporary life. • Or complains about regrets, not having enough time, and not finding a meaning throughout life. • Questions ones overview of their entire life.
- 12. History of PsychosocialTheory • Erikson was one of the first psychologists to become aware of the influence of culture on behavior. • He placed more emphasis on the external world, meaning depression and wars. • The three key factors to Erikson’s theory are the interaction of the body, mind, and cultural influences.
- 13. Erikson’s Philosophy • Hisbasic philosophy rests on two themes: – The world gets bigger as we go along – And failure is cumulative. • If an individual has dealt with a terrible past as a child, they might not be able to cope with scenarios that life presents later on. • However, human spirit can always be ignited and overcome these problems.
- 14. Overview • Erikson haseight developmental stages that gives people an idea of what to expect throughout life. • Behavior is based on culture experiences. • Each person has the ability to choose their path when it comes to his eight stages.
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