Ethics and evidence based practice in nursing education

Ethics and Evidence-based
Teaching (EBT) in Nursing
Education
By,
Aleena Abraham
Lecturer

ETHICS
Ethics refers to the branch of philosophy that
deals with moral principles and how individuals and
societies should behave.
It is concerned with
questions of right and wrong, good and bad
The moral values that guide human
behavior
Ethics provides a framework for
making decisions
evaluating actions in various aspects of
life

 ETHICS IN NURSING:
It is defined as the applied discipline
that addresses the moral features of nursing
practice.

KEY COMPONENTS AND
CONCEPTS WITHIN
ETHICS INCLUDE:

Normative Ethics: This branch of ethics explores various theories
and principles that determine what is morally right or wrong.
 Utilitarianism
 Deontology
 Virtue ethics
 Applied ethics
 Metaethics
 Ethical dilemmas
 Ethical theories
 Ethical decision-making
 Professional ethics
 Environmental ethics
 Ethical relativism
 Ethical issues

Utilitarianism: Suggests that the morally right action is
the one that maximizes overall happiness or minimizes
suffering. focuses on the wellbeing of the people and how
to improve it.
Deontology: Focuses on the intrinsic moral value of
actions, regardless of their consequences.
Virtue ethics: Emphasizes the development of virtuous
character traits and personal morality. Focuses on the
development of good character, traits or virtues to act well

Applied ethics: This branch of ethics deals with ethical questions
and dilemmas in specific areas such as business ethics, medical
ethics, environmental ethics, and more.
Metaethics: It is the study of morality, including its nature, scope,
and foundations. It's a branch of analytic philosophy that examines
the assumptions, beliefs, and commitments that underlie moral
thought, language, and practice.

Ethical dilemmas: These are situations in which individuals or
groups face conflicting moral principles and must make difficult
decisions.
Ethical theories: Various ethical theories provide frameworks for
making ethical decisions. These theories often guide individuals in
determining what actions are morally permissible, obligatory, or
forbidden.

Ethical decision-making: This process involves
considering the ethical principles and values
relevant to a particular situation and arriving at a
morally defensible course of action
Professional ethics: Many professions, such as
medicine, law, and engineering, have established
codes of ethics that guide the behavior and
responsibilities of practitioners within those fields.

Environmental ethics: Concerned with ethical considerations related
to the environment and the moral obligations of humans towards
nature and future generations.
Ethical relativism: The belief that ethical principles and values are
relative and vary across cultures or individuals, as opposed to being
universally applicable.
Ethical issues: These encompass a wide range of topics, including
human rights, privacy, social justice, and the moral implications of
emerging technologies like artificial intelligence and genetic
engineering

VALUES
Definitions
• A value is defined as “relative worth, merit, or
importance.
• Values guide our decision-making, how we live
our lives, and shape our consciousness.
• Values are fundamental beliefs and principles
that guide an individual’s attitudes, behaviors,
and decision-making.
• A virtue is defined as “moral excellence,
goodness, righteousness.

VALUE BASED EDUCATION IN NURSING
•To provide high-quality and compassionate care to
patients.
•It involves instilling core values, ethics, and principles
into the education and practice of nurses.
• These values serve as a foundation for making ethical
decisions, delivering patient-centered care, and
upholding the integrity of the nursing profession.

Components of Value-based Education
1.Compassion and Empathy
2.Ethical Practice
3.Professionalism
4.Cultural Competence
5.Patient-Centered Care
6.Holistic Care
7.Advocacy
8.Continuous Improvement
9.Teamwork and Collaboration
10.Personal Integrity
11.Critical Thinking

CORE NURSING VALUES
 Human dignity
 Integrity
 Autonomy
 Alturism
 Social justice

Human Dignity
It is one of the most important professional values, has become
a part of ethical issues in the field of nursing education.
It means having respect for human individuality and treating
everyone as a unique human being.
Human dignity is recognized with aspects such as
respect, self- confidence, self-control and environment control,
privacy, and identity which increase through relationships.
The threatening of dignity causes loss of control and ignorance.

Integrity
• Integrity is a complex set of values that must be considered as a
whole, a relational framework of values that exist for defined
communities and individuals.
• Integrity is the quality of being fair and honest, having strong
moral principles, or having a firm adherence to a code of moral
values.
• Integrity in nursing practice means keeping confidences,
practicing forthrightness, and having an overall sense of
trustworthiness.

Autonomy
 I t is fundamental to nursing practice, and it is one of the
most essential characteristics of the profession.
 It is the ability to use professional knowledge and judgment to
make decisions and act.
 It is an essential characteristic of the nursing profession;
therefore, it is imperative nurses understand the importance
of autonomy and the factors that enhance or reduce
autonomy in one’s practice.(ability to make own decisions about
care to make benefits on health outcome)

Altruism
• Altruism is a key characteristic that means generosity at a
cost to oneself.
• It is the name for the feeling that people should help one
another without regard for compensation or reward.
Social Justice
The AACN defines social justice as fair treatment, regardless
of one’s economic status, race, ethnicity, age, citizenship,
disability, or sexual orientation.

VALUE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES IN NURSING
1.Education and Training
2.Self-Reflection
3.Code of Ethics
4.Clinical Supervision and Mentorship
5.Communication Skills
6.Cultural Competence
7.Patient-Centered Care
8.Ethical Decision-Making
9.Advocacy
10.Professionalism
11.Teamwork
12.Leadership Development
13.Research and Evidence-Based Practice
14.Feedback and Evaluation
15.Personal Growth

ETHICAL DECISION MAKING
•Ethical decisions inspire trust and with-it fairness,
responsibility, and care for others.
•The ethical decision-making process recognizes
these conditions and requires reviewing all
available options, eliminating unethical views, and
choosing the best ethical alternative.
•Good decisions are both effective and ethical. In
professional relationships, good decisions build
respect, and trust, and are generally consistent with
good citizenship.

Ethical decision-making process and roadmap

ETHICAL STANDARDS FOR STUDENTS
•Honesty is regarded as a basic ethical value
in all educational programmes
•Academic integrity is of unquestionable
importance in educational environments.
•Academic dishonesty is considered as ethical
issue which includes cheating, forgery,
plagiarism.
•Honesty are the necessary attributes to
uphold professional ethics in the field of
nursing.

Academic dishonesty among nursing students
includes:
• Plagiarism :- it is the act of using someone else’s
work, ideas, or intellectual property without proper
acknowledgement, presenting it as your own
• Cheating:- it refers to dishonestly or unfairly
gaining an advantage, often by violating rules,
guidelines or ethical standards
• Forgery:- false documentation in records, altering
the data

• Dishonesty in the clinical setting is as
follows:
• Violating patient privacy
• Not performing recording procedures
properly
• Improper use of resources

Common Ethical Standards for
Students

Honesty and Integrity
 Students should be honest in all academic activities,
including exams, assignments, research, and coursework.
Plagiarism, cheating, and submitting work that is not their
own are violations of academic integrity.
Respect for Others
 Students should treat peers, faculty, and staff with The
respect, courtesy, and professionalism. Discrimination,
harassment, bullying, or disruptive behavior that hinders
others' learning experiences should be avoided.

Respect for Intellectual Property
 Students should respect copyright and intellectual property
rights when using others' work or ideas in their assignments,
papers, or projects. Proper citation and acknowledgment of
sources are crucial.
Adherence to Academic Rules
 Students should familiarize themselves with and adhere to the
academic rules and policies of their institution, including
those related to grading, attendance, and academic conduct.

Fair Collaboration
 When collaboration is allowed, students should engage in
collaborative work honestly and ethically. They should clearly
communicate their contributions and give credit to their
collaborators.
Accurate Representation
 Students should accurately represent their own work and
qualifications, including on resumes, applications, and academic
records. Misrepresentation or falsification of information is
unacceptable.

Timely and Responsible Behavior
 Students should submit assignments, projects, and exams by
their specified deadlines. If they encounter difficulties that may
affect their ability to meet deadlines, they should communicate
with instructors in advance.
Respect for Campus Resources
 Students should use campus resources and facilities responsibly,
including libraries, laboratories, equipment, and technology.
Vandalism or theft of a campus property is unethical.

Respect for Privacy
 Students should respect the privacy of others, both in their
academic and personal lives. Sharing private or confidential
information without consent is unethical.
Responsible Use of Technology
 Students should use technology, including computers and the
internet, responsibly and in accordance with institutional
policies. Cyber bullying, hacking, or any form of online
harassment is unethical.

Civic Responsibility
 Students should engage in civic and community activities in
a responsible and ethical manner, promoting the values of
social responsibility and citizenship.
Academic Honesty Reporting
 Students should report instances of academic misconduct
they witness to faculty or relevant authorities, promoting a
culture of academic integrity.

Conflict Resolution
 If students encounter conflicts or disputes with peers or
faculty, they should seek resolution through appropriate
channels, such as mediation or institutional grievance
procedures.
Continuous Self-Improvement
 Students should strive for personal and academic growth,
seeking opportunities for self- improvement, learning, and
development.

Environmental Responsibility
Students should be environmentally responsible, taking care to
minimize their ecological footprint and promoting sustainable
practices.

STUDENT-FACULTY RELATIONSHIP
The student-faculty relationship is a crucial aspect
of academic life, and maintaining ethical standards
within this relationship is essential for the well-
being and success of students and the integrity of
educational institutions.
Here are some ethical standards that faculty
members should adhere to in their interactions
with students:

1.Maintain Professional Boundaries
2.Equal Treatment
3.Respect and Courtesy
4.Confidentiality
5.Avoid Conflicts of Interest
6.Maintain Academic Integrity
7.Accessible and Fair Grading
8.Provide Effective Instruction
9.Accommodate Diverse Needs
10.Report Concerns

EVIDENCE-BASED TEACHING
•It is also known as evidence-based instruction
•It refers to an approach to teaching and education that relies on
empirical evidence and research to inform instructional practices
and decision-making in the classroom.
•Evidence-based teaching aims to improve the effectiveness of
teaching and learning by using research findings and data to guide
instructional strategies and interventions.

Evidence Based Education
 It is the principle that education practices should be based
best scientific evidence to decide how to teach instead of
opinions, personal judgement and tradition

Evidence-Based Education Process
Implementing evidence-based education
involves a systematic process in corporating
research findings and best practices into teaching
and learning strategies.

Here’s a step-by-step guide to the evidence-
based education process:
Identify Educational Goals and Objectives
Collect Educational Evidence
Assess Existing Curriculum and Practices
Formulate Evidence-Based Strategies ( )
Select and Adapt Resources
Plan Assessment and Evaluation
Implementation

Collect Data
Analyze Data
Feedback and Adjustments
Professional Development
Quality Assurance
Incorporate Student Feedback
Disseminate Findings
Sustainability

APPLICATION OF EVIDENCE-BASED
EDUCATION TO NURSING
EDUCATION
 Curriculum Development
 Teaching Methods and Strategies
 Clinical Education
 Assessment and Evaluation
 Simulation-Based Learning
 Interprofessional Education (IPE)
 Technology Integration
 Research Literacy
 Continuing Education for Faculty
 Quality Improvement and Evaluation
 Patient-Centered Care
 Ethical Considerations

Ethics and evidence based practice in nursing education

Ethics and evidence based practice in nursing education

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