Ethics and Evidence based teaching in Nursing.pptx

ETH
ICS
&
EVID
ENCE
BASED
TEACH
ING
Presented By:
Mr. Nandish.S
Asso. Professor
Mandya Institute of Nursing Sciences

ETHICS REVIEW :
 Nursing Ethics is a essential component of our profession, guiding Nurses
to deliver high quality of care by upholding the standards.
 It serve as a framework for nurses to carry out their responsibilities in a
manner that prioritize patient well being and dignity.
 As the healthcare landscape continues to evolve, ethical nursing practice
remains constant, guiding force that ensures patient receive care they need
& deserve.

ETHICS REVIEW :
 It is a branch of philosophy focused on / deals with moral principles & the
exploration of how individuals and societies should conduct themselves.
 It addresses profound questions about right and wrong, good and bad,
underlying moral values that influence human behaviour.
 Ethics informs about personal, professional and social choices.
 It helps to make informed decisions.

ROLE OF ETHICS :
 It is the centre that shapes human behaviour, guiding decision making and
promoting a moral society.
 Ethical discussions continue to adapt, influencing policies and regulations
in fields such as law, politics and economics.
 Ethical considerations help form a foundation of fairness, justice and
respect within communities.

DEFINITION OF TERMS :
1. Values : They are principles or standards that are considered important by
an individual or group of people.
They are the guiding principles that shape behaviour and decision making.
Ex: Honesty, Respect, Responsibility.
2. Code of Ethics : they are sets of guidelines that are designed to help
professionals conduct themselves in an ethical manner.
Code of ethics / ethical principles include :
Autonomy, Beneficence, Justice and Non-Maleficence

Autonomy : Respect patient choices
Beneficence : Do what is best for patients.
Non – Maleficence : Don’t harm patients.
Justice : Ensure fair care for all communities.
3. Ethical Dilemma : a situation in which a nurse is faced with a conflict
between their professional duties, personal values and the needs of their
patients, requiring them to make a difficult decision that may have significant
impact on patient care, outcomes and well-being.

CHARACTERISTICS OF VALUES :
1) Beliefs
2) Oriented towards desired outcome.
3) Not limited to specific situations.
4) Guide in decision making.
5) Prioritization

VALUE BASED EDUCATION IN NURSING :
 This approach highlights nursing as a calling that requires strong
commitment to caring for others, rather than just job.
 It teaches students important values like compassion, empathy and respect
along with academic knowledge and practical skills.
 Professionalism refers to Adherence to a set of values, principles and
standards that guide a profession.
 Putting others’ needs before your own, being selfless and caring for
patients without expecting anything in return.

COMPONENTS OF VALUE BASED EDUCATION :
1. Compassion and Empathy : showing genuine care & understanding
patients’ emotional and physical needs.
2. Ethical Practice : making decisions based on core ethical principles.
3. Professionalism : it involves commitment to accountability, responsibility
and continuous learning.
4. Cultural Competence : awareness about diverse cultural background.
5. Patient – Centered Care : place patients’ needs, values and preferences at
the centre of all decisions.
……..Continued

6. Holistic care
7. Advocacy : speak up for patients’ rights, ensuring they receive fair
treatment.
8. Continuous improvement : encourage staffs to seek new knowledge,
refine their skills and stay up-to-date.
9. Teamwork and collaboration : working together leads to better outcomes.
10. Personal Integrity : honesty, transparency and trustworthiness.
11. Critical Thinking : choose best course of action.

CORE NURSING VALUES :
Acc. to The American Association of Colleges of Nursing,
1. Human Dignity : recognize each person’s worth & individuality.
2. Integrity : honest, trustworthy, consistency.
3. Autonomy : making independent decisions.
4. Altruism : selfless concern for the welfare of others, without expecting
personal gain.
5. Social Justice : equitable treatment to all regardless of their socioeconomic
status, age, disability or gender.

VALUE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES :
The value development begins in early life & continues to unfold through out
lifetime.
Through this journey, individuals refine and redefine their values, leading to
deeper understanding of themselves & their place in the world.
This dynamic process involves :
- Encouraging & cherishing core beliefs and principles.
- Making intentional choices.
- Translating values into actions and behaviours.

1. Classroom learning strategy
2. Practical activity strategy
3. Socialized activity strategy
4. Incidental Learning strategy
5. Silent sitting strategy
6. Role Modelling
7. Mentorship strategy
8. Case study strategy
9. Group Discussion strategy
10. Reflective Journaling
Strategy
11. Value based projects strategy
12. Interpersonal skills
development strategy
Strategies for
Value
Education

ETHICAL DECISION MAKING :
• It involves upholding professional standards and prioritizing patient
centred care.
• The goal is to make decisions that promote person well being, safety and
best interests, respecting their autonomy and dignity.
• It is essential to Nursing students because:
- Promotes moral behaviour
- Maintains public trust.
- Enhances student’s credibility.
- Promotes long term success.

Ethical Decision Making Process :
Defining the Problem
Clarify Values & Principles
Generate Choices
Evaluate Choices
Make a Decision
Implement and Monitor

Ethical standards for Students :
 They play fundamental role in fostering learning environment based on
Honesty, Respect and responsibility.
 Acc. to Bruce Weinstein (an American Ethicist), there are 05 principles
that transcend Culture and faith.
1. Non – Maleficence : do not harm.
2. Beneficence : doing good.
3. Respect : treat everyone with kindness.
4. Justice : be fair & avoid discrimination.
5. Love : show love & compassion towards others.

GENERAL ETHICAL VALUES FOR STUDENTS:
 Maintaining integrity in academics is crucial for students.
 Following ethics helps students to build strong professional values and
respect the academic environment.
 Honesty is the heart of all educational programs, that ensures fair learning
experience.
 Upholding ethical values will help students to achieve better career in
future.

Academic Dishonesty among Nursing students :
1. Plagiarism : using someone else’s work or ideas without giving proper
credit. It includes copying papers, assignments or exams and presenting
them as one’s own.
2. Cheating : any form of deceit in academic activities. It includes using
unauthorized materials during exams, gaining access to exam questions
before hand.
3. Forgery : it is creating or altering documents dishonestly. It involves
falsifying records or data.

Common Ethical Standards for Students :
1. Practicing work honestly.
2. Showing respect for others.
3. Following academic policies.
4. Meeting deadlines responsibly. (Assignments)
5. Using campus resources carefully. (Labs, Library)
6. Protecting privacy & confidentiality.
7. Responsible use of technology.
8. Reporting academic misconduct.
9. Handling conflicts with professionalism.
10. Striving for continuous improvement.

STUDENT FACULTY RELATIONSHIP :
• It is the cornerstone of academic life.
• Faculty have profound influence on students, not only through the content
they teach, but also through professional values.
• Faculty recognize the boundaries of their roles ensuring the professional
interaction do not cross limit.
• Faculty maintain high academic & behavioural standards through
constructive feedback, encouragement and accessible guidance.

Positive student – faculty relationship built on :
- Mutual trust and Respect.
- Getting to know students as Individuals.
- Offering choices and encouraging Autonomy.
- Fostering continuous improvement & growth.
Key Elements :
- Demonstrating respect & valuing individuality.
- Maintaining a polite & approachable attitude.
- Creating a safe classroom environment.

Strategies to build strong Student - Staff Relationship :
It is crucial for academic success and personal growth, as it create supportive
and inclusive learning environment..
1. Take time about their interest, hobbies and background.
2. Create a welcoming environment where students feel comfortable.
3. Offer regular, constructive feedback on student’s work and progress.
4. Treat students with respect, empathy & kindness.
5. Clearly communicate expectations and requirements.

EVIDENCE BASED TEACHING :
 It is a method that uses research to enhance student learning.
 It involves using evidence to see where students are in their learning,
choosing the best teaching strategies and monitoring their progress.
 This approach helps create student – centred environment where learning
focuses on needs of students.
 Ex: using formative assessment, promoting metacognition.

DEFINITION :
The conscientious, explicit and judicious use of the current best evidence in
making decisions about the care of individual patients.
- Sackett, Rosenberg
This approach has become essential in healthcare, aiming to make treatment
more effective, safe and tailored to each individual.

Application in Nursing Education :
It can be implemented through various effective strategies.
- Simulation helps students critical thinking & clinical reasoning skills.
- Reflection allows students to think deeply about their experiences.
- Case based learning and problem based learning are other two valuable
strategies help to apply knowledge in real life situations.
- Students can combine clinical experience with patient preference and
available resources to improve patient care.

STEPS OF EVIDENCE BASED EDUCATION PROCESS :
1. Ask clear question : the question should be focused, concise & relevant to
patient’s needs. It involves identifying a specific issue or problem.
2. Gather Evidence : it involves searching for the best available research
studies related to question.
3. Evaluate the Evidence : it involves assessing the quality, validity &
relevance of the information gathered.
4. Apply the Evidence : it involves using your clinical expertise & the new
information to make informed decisions about patient care.
5. Assess outcome : it involves evaluating the effectiveness of the treatment
or intervention.

Advantages :
- Leads to better patient outcomes & improved care quality.
- Facilitates the adoption of new technologies & innovations.
- Empowers nurses to make informed decisions with confidence.
- Keeps nurses up-to-date and relevant.
- Provide solid foundation.
- Encourage collaborative patient care.
- Enhance critical thinking & problem solving skills.

Disadvantages :
 Requires significant time & effort to evaluate evidence.
 Demands strong critical thinking & analytical skills.
 May lead to conflicts with traditional practices.
 Requires reliable access to internet & resources.
 May contribute to burnout if not managed effectively.
 Ongoing education & training are necessary to stay current.
 Applying evidence to individual patient needs can be complex.

Ethics and Evidence based teaching in Nursing.pptx

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