Exoplanets definitivo (1)

Exoplanets definitivo (1)

• 2.
  Index • Introduction • History • ‘Types’ of exoplanets • Purpose? • Planet Habitability • Goldilock’s zone • Atmosphere • Chemical environment • Spectograph • Energy required for metabolism • Drake’s equation • Video • What is the importance of exoplanets? • Conclusion
• 3.
  INTRODUCTION • Anexoplanet is a planet that orbit a different star from the sun • More than 1800 exoplanets have been discovered • Alpha Centuiri Bb nearest planet? • Almost all of the planets detected so far are within the Milky Way. • DENIS-P J082303.1-491201 b, about 29 times the mass of Jupiter
• 4.
  HISTORY • Atfirst scientist supposed that existed but they couldn’t prove it • In the 16th century Giordano Bruno put foward the view that the other stars should have also planets like the sun • The first confirmed detection came in 1992
• 5.
  ``TYPES´´ OF EXOPLANETS • The classification of exoplanet types is unfortunately arbitrary • Terrestrial Planet Solar System Planets in the Name Size Prefixes Hot and Cold terms
• 6.
  PURPOSE? Why dowe spent our money in something that is thousands of millions of kilometres away? Although I could find more reasons, I think the best reason is, because we simply can!
• 7.
  Planet Habitability •Potential of a planet to develop and sustain life. • Largely agreed on an extrapolation of Earth’s and Sun’s characteristics. NASA • HZ: Habitable zone. Extended regions of water. Favourable conditions for the assembly of complex organic molecules. Energy sources.
• 8.
  Goldilock’s zone •Shell-shaped region of space surronding a star. • Liquid water can appear. • Location depends on the energy the star is outputting (inverse squared law). • Where temperature of the planet goes from 0- 100ºC.
• 9.
  Atmosphere  Protectingthe planet an inhabitans from radiation.  Keep planet surface warm.  Provide the planet with oxygen so life evolves. • Contain some of the chemical elements necessary for life.
• 10.
  Chemical Enviroment •Essential chemical elements. • Water: Liquid, able to have pH. • Primary focus of astrobiological research.
• 11.
  Spectograph. • Lightreacts differently for each element. • Depending on the peak on the spectograph, we can tell which element it is about. • Valid for the atmosphere and the elements forming the surface.
• 12.
  Energy required formetabolsim. • Solar: reaching the surface and near surface. Perfect star: Stable variability and high metallicity. • Geothermal: Subsurface.
• 13.
  Drake’s Equation N* is the number of total stars in the Milky Way  fp is the fraction of those stars that have planets  ne is the number of planets per star that could be capable of sustaining life.  fl is the estimation of life actually evolving on the planets on which it is capable to.  fi is the estimation of intelligent life evolving.  fc is the fraction of that intelligent life that would be capable of communication.  fL is the fraction of the life of the planet during which this civilization could live. BBC: Drake´s equation.
• 14.
  VIDEO • Directdiscovery: nearby stars+ very large planets. • The majority have been discovered through indirect methods. • 1. A planet passing in front of a star will make it darker: the amount of darkness determines the size of the panet.
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  Transit of Venus(2012)
• 16.
  2. The centerof mass is not at the centre of the star, which creates a tiny wobble in the velocity of the star. Discovery of more than 1800 exoplanets as of 2014.
• 17.
  • What isthe importance of exoplanets? - What is the point in studying them? -Is it worth the expense of money in it?
• 18.
  Conclusion • Anexoplanet is a planet that orbits a different star from the Sun. • The first confirmed detection was in 1992. • An exoplanet habitability depends on the following requirements: Extended regions of water, good conditions for the assembly of complex molecular particles and energy sources. • They can be discovered by direct or indirect methods.