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Experimental Design
The document discusses key concepts in scientific thinking and experimentation including observation, measurement, variables, the scientific method, and experimental design. It defines types of variables such as independent, dependent, and control variables. It provides an example of a controlled experiment with pea plants to test the hypothesis that increased sunlight exposure leads to taller plant growth, with sunlight as the independent variable, plant height as the dependent variable, and other factors controlled.
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Experimental Design
- 1. How Scientists Thinkand Work: Vocabulary Observation Quantitative Observation Qualitative Observation Measurement Inference Prediction/Hypothesis Conclusion Scientific Method Data Operational Definition Variable Control Independent Variable Dependent Variable
- 2. Graphing Variables y x Independent Dependent
- 3. The Scientific Method-How to Design a Controlled Experiment Control- Variable- Independent Variable- Dependent Variable- Something that remains the same throughout the experiment Something that changes in an experiment something that the researcher changes in an experiment (manipulated) (responding) Something that changes in response to the independent variable * measurable (it is your data)
- 4. Control Group thegroup of test subjects left untreated or unexposed to some procedure and then compared with treated subjects
- 5. Example: A botanistis designing an experiment about the relationship between pea plant growth and sunlight. Qu estion : Does sunlight effect pea plant growth? Hy pothesis : If pea plants are exposed to more sunlight in a day, then they will grow taller. In dependent Variable: Dependent Variable: Controls (Constants):