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Exploring culture rich Pakistan-I (punjab)
- 1. Exploring Culture Rich Pakistan –I (PUNJAB ) A presentation for educational purposes. Prepared by: Ayaz Z. Noorani. Academic Director/ Sr. Instructor, Institute of Hotel & Restaurant Management, University of Gujrat, Paksitan
- 2. Punjab: Journey through Punjab is a breathtaking lesson in history. The seductive past lives on; in the myths that engulf its monuments and the age all skills practiced by modern artisans. Surrounded by the loud clutter of traffic reminiscence of a glorious past can be traced everywhere. Punjab truly is the land which is in enduringly antiquated and progressively modem. Here the traveller will find a mosaic of regulated time-tested cultures woven together by the pure faith of Islam. Underlying all the other magnificent vistas of a land of Snow clad mountains and pass plains, nature with canal
- 3. irrigated fields and rich orchards in awe inspiring values and desserts with nomadic life . The major cities of Punjab are Lahore the bastion of Mughal spirit Rawalpindi the treasure of Heritage and mysticism, Bhawalpur the land of the princess, Multan the city of shrines and Sufis, with longest continuous system in Punjab Taxila the custodian of the Gandhara art on the torch bearer of romance Harappa a subtle rendezvous of centuries Murree a jewel of a hill station and the passport to adventure and last but not the least Jhelum the land of the brave.
- 6. LAHORE A legend based on oral traditions holds that Lahore was known in ancient times as Lavapuri, City of Lava in Sanskrit (Lava is also referred to as Loh). Raja Loh wasson of Sri Ram Chandar Jee, the hero of Mahabharta, who established the city in his name. Origin & History One of the oldest historical references about Lahore is found in Tareekh-ul-Hind written by Abu-Rehan Al Beruni (973 AD – 1048 AD), who traveled to India in1017 AD. In his book, he remembers Lahore as an area not as a city whose capital was Mandhor kor.Hazrat Ali Hajvery (RA), (990 AD – 1077 AD), who preached Islam in Lahore, has also mentioned the city of Lahore in his book Kashf-ul-Mahjuub.
- 8. All major monuments, buildings, Havelis and gardens of Lahore are of Moughal period, during which Lahore touched its glory. The only contribution of Sikh period is Ranjit Singh Smadh. British ignored the walled city of Lahore and created a new Lahore on its southern side. This includes, The Mall, Civil lines and Cantonment. They constructed several buildings with an architecture blended with Muslim and Gothic motive. The walled city of Lahore, the original seat of political authority and cultural traditions is one of the most colorful cities of the region.
- 9. The Badshahi mosque is one of the most beautiful mosques in Pakistan. The architecture resembles the Jama Masjid in New Delhi but at a much bigger scale
- 10. Lahore Fort is a Mughal-era fortress with several stunning palaces, gardens, and museums all behind the fortress wall.
- 11. At the northwest corner of the fort, you will find a beautiful structure called the Sheesh Mahal, or the Palace of Mirrors. The palace was built under the reign of Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan during the 16th century and has since been maintained quite well until today.
- 12. The Lahore museum was built during the British colonial time with a Mughal-Gothic architectural style, depicting the Indian architecture through the westerners' eyes. The museum is built with stunning red bricks that are quite common in Lahore structures that were built during the British Raj reign.
- 13. The Tomb of Jahangir is a 17th-century mausoleum built for the Mughal Emperor Jahangir. The mausoleum dates from 1637, and is located in Shahdara Bagh in Lahore
- 14. The fort at Lahore is the result of many centuries' work. According to the Pakistani historian Wali Ullah Khan, the earliest reference to the fort comes in a history of Lahur (Lahore) compiled by Al-Biruni, which refers to a fort constructed in the early 11th century. The fort was greatly expanded during the reigns of Jahangir, Shah Jahan, and Aurangzeb. During the period of Sikh occupation, Ranjit Singh added several pavilions on the upper ramparts. Modifications to the fort were even made during the British colonial period beginning in 1846, but consisted mainly of converting older buildings into hospitals, barracks, and other colonial functions. Perhaps worst of all, portions of the gardens were converted into tennis courts, but abuses such as this have been corrected as preservationists have slowly restored portions of the fort to its pre-1846 appearance.
- 15. Hiran Minar is located near the city of Sheikhupura, and is 40 kilometers away from the provincial capital, Lahore. Built in 1606 by the 4th Mughal King Jahangir in memory of his pet deer named Hansraj. There is a 100 foot high tower built in the centre of a lake which can be accessed through a bridge. From the top of the tower one can see the surrounding area. It indeed is a beautiful pinic area and a historical monument.
- 16. Nankana Sahib is a city and capital of Nankana Sahib District in the Punjab province of Pakistan. It is named after the first Guru of the Sikhs, Guru Nanak, who was born in the city and first began preaching here. Nankana Sahib is the most important religious site for the Sikh religionIt is located about 91 km west of Lahore & 40 km from Sheikhupura
- 17. TAXILA • The Taxila archaeological site is located in the province of Punjab, Pakistan, about 30 km north of the Capital Territory of Islamabad. It lies off the famous and historical Grand Trunk Road. The modern archaeological region of Taxila is composed of 18 sites of significant cultural value which were inducted as a whole into the UNESCO world heritage umbrella in 1980 CE. • Taxila was an ancient city located in what is now considered the province of Punjab in Pakistan. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site that was discovered in the 19th century by the archaeologist Alexander Cunningham. • Historically, Taxila was an important city in the Kingdom of Gandhara which was present in the region from about 1000 BC to 1000 AD. Taxila was then governed under several different empires, with each wanting to benefit from the convenient trade route it offered within South and Central Asia.
- 18. The world’s first University was established in Takshila or Taxila (now in Pakistan) in 700BC. Taxila also known as Takshashila, flourished from 600 BC to 500 AD, in the kingdom of Gandhara. 68 subjects were taught at this university and, a student entered Takshashila at the age of sixteen. At one stage, it had 10,500 students including those from Babylon, Greece, Syria, and China. Experienced masters taught the Vedas, languages, grammar, philosophy, medicine, surgery, archery, politics, warfare, astronomy, accounts, commerce, documentation, music, dance and other performing arts, futurology, the occult and mystical sciences, complex mathematical calculations. Takshila was considered to be amongst the earliest universities in the world and some Historians even suggest that it was the first University in the world making it the oldest university in the world. Takshila University
- 21. There are some three dozen large and small sites which include stupas, monasteries, and other ancient buildings spread out over a wide area. The UNESCO World Heritage listings for Taxila includes 18 of these sites with unique numbers alloted to them
- 22. Taxila Museum is located at Taxila, Punjab, Pakistan. The museum is home to a significant and comprehensive collection of Gandharan art dating from the 1st to the 7th centuries CE. Most objects in the collection were excavated from the ruins of ancient Taxila.
- 23. The stupa of Dharmarajika was started by Asoka. It is about 3 kilometers from the Taxila museum. The Dharmarajika Stupa, also referred to as the Great Stupa of Taxila, is a Buddhist stupa near Taxila, Pakistan. It dates from the 2nd century CE, and was built to house small bone fragments of the Buddha
- 24. Multan • Multan is one of the oldest cities of the world dating back 6000 years when it was known as Maloha, a cultural and trade hub between Central Asia and South Asia. • It was conquered by Alexander the Great in 326 BC. • Multan was conquered along with Sindh by Muhammad bin Qasim in 712 AD. • Multan was attacked by Mahmud of Ghazni in 1005 CE. • Timur, Babur and many other rulers invaded this city.
- 25. Geography • The city of Multan is located in the South of Punjab. The Chenab River is located on the east of the city. The nearest major cities are Dera Ghazi Khan, Bahawalpur and Layyah. • The area around the city is best for agriculture, with many citrus and mango farms. There are many canals that cut across the Multan District, providing water from nearby farms. The canal system of Pakistan is the best in the world. This makes the land very fertile. A map dated from 1669 showing Multan
- 26. Culture • Multan is one of the oldest cities in South Asia, with many tombs, shrines, temples, cathedrals and mausoleums, as well as Multan Fort. It has diverse culture.
- 27. Main Places Delhi Gate Eid Gah Mosque Multan Garrison Club
- 28. Main Places Monument of Patrick Alexander VansAgnew Tomb of Shah Rukn e Aalam Tomb of Bahauddin Zikria
- 29. Famous Delicacie: Multani Sohan Halwa known for its International Quality Standard and has won ANIM InternationalAwards
- 30. Blue Painting And Blue Pottery
- 31. Blue Painting and Blue Pottery
- 32. They say this is where the culture of shrine worship took root. Approximately 75km from the city of Bahawalpur, Uch was founded by Alexander the Great and later came under the control of the Delhi Sultanate. Built near a place called Panjnad – where all of the Indus rivers meet – Uch used to be a centre of political and cultural activities and is home to myriad of mosques and shrines. Some of the most popular shrines in Uch are those of Bibi Jawindi, Baha’al-Halim and Jalaluddin Bukhari – all of which are concentrated in a compound known as Uch Sharif and are listed as a Unesco World Heritage Site. Uch Sharif:
- 33. The name of the town The name of the town Uch Sharif is often used in place of The Tomb of Bibi Jawindi. It is this ornate dome that kicked off the trend in Pakistan of housing the remains of Sufi saints in massive mausoleums.
- 34. Shrine of Jalaluddin Bukhari is the shrine of Jalaluddin Surkh-Posh Bukhari. It is located in Uch in present-day Punjab, Pakistan. It is one of the five monuments in Uch Sharif, Pakistan which are on the tentative list of the UNESCO World Heritage Sites
- 35. The Incredible Noor Mahal Before the independence of Pakistan Bahawalpur was a princely state founded by Abbasi Family who migrated from Bughdad to sub-continent in the 18th century. Abbasi Family ruled over Bahawalpur more than 200 years (1747-1955). But after migrating to Pakistan in 1947 the Nawab Muhammad Sadiq Khan acceded the Bahawalpur state with Pakistan in 1956 and opened his treasure for Pakistan because the socio-economic condition of Pakistan was very critical. Nawabs made several gorgeous building during their reign , Noor Mahal is one of them.
- 36. The Cholistan Desert, also locally known as Rohi, is a large desert in the southern part of Punjab, Pakistan that forms part of the Greater Thar Desert, which extends to Sindh province and the Indian state of Rajasthan. Derawar Fort is a large square fortress in Ahmadpur East Tehsil, Punjab, Pakistan. Located approximately 100 km south of the city of Bahawalpur, the forty bastions of Derawar are visible for many miles in the Cholistan Desert Cholistan
- 37. The fascinating fabric called Ralli or Rilli is a remarkable textile artwork converted into quilts, table runners and cushion covers. Thousands of women are involved mostly in Sindh, partly in some parts of Cholistan in Bahawalpur distt. of Punjab and in some areas of Balochistan. The desert also hosts an annual Jeep rally, known as Cholistan Desert Jeep Rally. It is the biggest motor sports event in Pakistan. There are several forts in Cholistan Region. These are: Derawar Fort Islamgarh Fort Mirgarh Fort Jamgarh Fort Mojgarh Fort Marot Fort Phoolra Fort Khangarh Fort Khairgarh Fort Nawankot Fort Bijnot Fort
- 38. Thank you for your attention & watching this presentation. I hope you gained some new information & Knowledge