Exploring cypher with graph gists
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The document discusses the Neo4j graph database and its Cypher query language, outlining key features such as schema-free design, scalability, and fast traversal capabilities. It showcases pattern matching in Cypher queries along with examples of how to structure queries to retrieve data from a graph. Additionally, it introduces 'graphgists' as an easy way to share and demonstrate code snippets and graph models interactively.
![Patterns and pictures
Neo Trinity
Loves
Neo loves Trinity
(Neo)-[:LOVES]->(Trinity)
Cypher
Agent
Smith
Knows
Cypher knows Agent Smith
(Cypher)-[:KNOWS]->(Agent Smith)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/exploringcypherwithgraphgists-140501053331-phpapp01/85/Exploring-cypher-with-graph-gists-13-320.jpg)
![Pattern matching
14
MATCH
(me:User {name:’Luanne’})-[f:FRIEND_OF]->(friend)-[:LISTENS_TO]->(artist)!
WHERE NOT (me-[:LISTENS_TO]->(artist) AND f.similarity>0.7!
RETURN artist
Luanne
The
Beatles
F1
Aerosmith
F2
Pink
Floyd
FRIEND_OF
{similarity=0.9}
FRIEND_OF
{similarity=0.4}
LISTENS_TO
LISTENS_TO
LISTENS_TOLISTENS_TO](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/exploringcypherwithgraphgists-140501053331-phpapp01/85/Exploring-cypher-with-graph-gists-14-320.jpg)
![Example Query Structure
15
MATCH (u:User)-[:LISTENS_TO]->(a:Artist)
!
WHERE a.genre=“Rock”
!
WITH u, a, count(a) as artistCount
!
MATCH (a)-[r:PLAYING_IN]->(city)
!
WHERE r.ticketsAvailable=true
!
RETURN u,a,city.name as cityName
!
ORDER BY cityName LIMIT 5](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/exploringcypherwithgraphgists-140501053331-phpapp01/85/Exploring-cypher-with-graph-gists-15-320.jpg)
![Match
17
MATCH (u:User)-[:LISTENS_TO]->(a:Artist)
!
WHERE a.genre=“Rock”
!
WITH u, a, count(a) as artistCount
!
MATCH (a)-[r:PLAYING_IN]->(city)
!
WHERE r.ticketsAvailable=true
!
RETURN u,a,city.name as cityName
!
ORDER BY cityName LIMIT 5](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/exploringcypherwithgraphgists-140501053331-phpapp01/85/Exploring-cypher-with-graph-gists-17-320.jpg)
![Where
19
MATCH (u:User)-[:LISTENS_TO]->(a:Artist)
!
WHERE a.genre=“Rock”
!
WITH u, a, count(a) as artistCount
!
MATCH (a)-[r:PLAYING_IN]->(city)
!
WHERE r.ticketsAvailable=true
!
RETURN u,a,city.name as cityName
!
ORDER BY cityName LIMIT 5](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/exploringcypherwithgraphgists-140501053331-phpapp01/85/Exploring-cypher-with-graph-gists-19-320.jpg)
![Return
21
MATCH (u:User)-[:LISTENS_TO]->(a:Artist)
!
WHERE a.genre=“Rock”
!
WITH u, a, count(a) as artistCount
!
MATCH (a)-[r:PLAYING_IN]->(city)
!
WHERE r.ticketsAvailable=true
!
RETURN u,a,city.name as cityName
!
ORDER BY cityName LIMIT 5](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/exploringcypherwithgraphgists-140501053331-phpapp01/85/Exploring-cypher-with-graph-gists-21-320.jpg)
![Order By, Limit
23
MATCH (u:User)-[:LISTENS_TO]->(a:Artist)
!
WHERE a.genre=“Rock”
!
WITH u, a, count(a) as artistCount
!
MATCH (a)-[r:PLAYING_IN]->(city)
!
WHERE r.ticketsAvailable=true
!
RETURN u,a,city.name as cityName
!
ORDER BY cityName LIMIT 5](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/exploringcypherwithgraphgists-140501053331-phpapp01/85/Exploring-cypher-with-graph-gists-23-320.jpg)
![With
25
MATCH (u:User)-[:LISTENS_TO]->(a:Artist)
!
WHERE a.genre=“Rock”
!
WITH u, a, count(a) as artistCount
!
MATCH (a)-[r:PLAYING_IN]->(city)
!
WHERE r.ticketsAvailable=true
!
RETURN u,a,city.name as cityName
!
ORDER BY cityName LIMIT 5](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/exploringcypherwithgraphgists-140501053331-phpapp01/85/Exploring-cypher-with-graph-gists-25-320.jpg)
Exploring cypher with graph gists
- 1. Exploring the Cypher Query Language through GraphGists Luanne Misquitta @luannem
- 2. Our Path Neo4j Cypher ExamplesGraphGists
- 3. What if… Credit: Shantaram Waingankar
- 7. All you need is… According to The Beatles
- 8. But that’s not why you’re here
- 9. What you really need is… a Graph
- 10. What is Neo4j? • A Graph Database • A labelled property graph • Nodes with properties and labels (both optional) • Directed and named relationships with properties (optional) • ACID • Schema free • Scalable: Billions of nodes and relationships • Fast: More than 2 million traversals per second • Suited for highly connected and complex data
- 11. What is Neo4j name:Neo name: Agent Smith name: Cypher name: Morpheus name:TrinityLoves Knows Knows {since: 1999} Knows Knows Crew Crew Crew Crew MatrixMatrix
- 12. Cypher • Declarative graph query language • Based on English prose and neat iconography • Focuses on • What to retrieve from the graph and not how to retrieve it • Pattern matching • Your domain instead of database access • Humane query language, suitable for developers and operations professionals
- 13. Patterns and pictures Neo Trinity Loves Neo loves Trinity (Neo)-[:LOVES]->(Trinity) Cypher Agent Smith Knows Cypher knows Agent Smith (Cypher)-[:KNOWS]->(Agent Smith)
- 14. Pattern matching 14 MATCH (me:User {name:’Luanne’})-[f:FRIEND_OF]->(friend)-[:LISTENS_TO]->(artist)! WHERE NOT (me-[:LISTENS_TO]->(artist) AND f.similarity>0.7! RETURN artist Luanne The Beatles F1 Aerosmith F2 Pink Floyd FRIEND_OF {similarity=0.9} FRIEND_OF {similarity=0.4} LISTENS_TO LISTENS_TO LISTENS_TOLISTENS_TO
- 15. Example Query Structure 15 MATCH (u:User)-[:LISTENS_TO]->(a:Artist) ! WHERE a.genre=“Rock” ! WITH u, a, count(a) as artistCount ! MATCH (a)-[r:PLAYING_IN]->(city) ! WHERE r.ticketsAvailable=true ! RETURN u,a,city.name as cityName ! ORDER BY cityName LIMIT 5
- 16. MATCH • Allows you to specify patterns that Cypher will search for in the graph 16
- 17. Match 17 MATCH (u:User)-[:LISTENS_TO]->(a:Artist) ! WHERE a.genre=“Rock” ! WITH u, a, count(a) as artistCount ! MATCH (a)-[r:PLAYING_IN]->(city) ! WHERE r.ticketsAvailable=true ! RETURN u,a,city.name as cityName ! ORDER BY cityName LIMIT 5
- 18. Where • Filters the results • Adds constraints to the pattern described in MATCH 18
- 19. Where 19 MATCH (u:User)-[:LISTENS_TO]->(a:Artist) ! WHERE a.genre=“Rock” ! WITH u, a, count(a) as artistCount ! MATCH (a)-[r:PLAYING_IN]->(city) ! WHERE r.ticketsAvailable=true ! RETURN u,a,city.name as cityName ! ORDER BY cityName LIMIT 5
- 21. Return 21 MATCH (u:User)-[:LISTENS_TO]->(a:Artist) ! WHERE a.genre=“Rock” ! WITH u, a, count(a) as artistCount ! MATCH (a)-[r:PLAYING_IN]->(city) ! WHERE r.ticketsAvailable=true ! RETURN u,a,city.name as cityName ! ORDER BY cityName LIMIT 5
- 22. Order By, Limit • Sort the output • Return a subset 22
- 23. Order By, Limit 23 MATCH (u:User)-[:LISTENS_TO]->(a:Artist) ! WHERE a.genre=“Rock” ! WITH u, a, count(a) as artistCount ! MATCH (a)-[r:PLAYING_IN]->(city) ! WHERE r.ticketsAvailable=true ! RETURN u,a,city.name as cityName ! ORDER BY cityName LIMIT 5
- 24. WITH • Manipulate the result sequence before it is passed on to the following query parts. • The manipulations can be of the shape and/ or number of entries in the result set. • Combines queries 24
- 25. With 25 MATCH (u:User)-[:LISTENS_TO]->(a:Artist) ! WHERE a.genre=“Rock” ! WITH u, a, count(a) as artistCount ! MATCH (a)-[r:PLAYING_IN]->(city) ! WHERE r.ticketsAvailable=true ! RETURN u,a,city.name as cityName ! ORDER BY cityName LIMIT 5
- 26. GraphGists
- 27. What’s a Gist? 27 • A simple way to share snippets of code or data • Automatically versioned, forkable, usable from Git • Nicely rendered and presented
- 28. Okay, why? • How do you share your graph model? • Whiteboard? • Document? • How do you demonstrate queries? • Need a live database? • Modelling is incremental 28
- 29. What’s a GraphGist? 29 • An AsciiDoc file with: • A graph domain model • Descriptive text and pictures • Example queries against the model • Interactive and executable Cypher queries • A Neo4j console for further exploration • Nicely rendered and presented
- 30. GraphGist demos • Trek and mountaineering routing http://gist.neo4j.org/?09520d20fbe707951e1b @shantaramw • Organization learning http://gist.neo4j.org/?8021754 @luannem • Doctor Finder http://gist.neo4j.org/?8748719 @fbiville • Bombay Railway Routes http://gist.neo4j.org/?8159102 @luannem 30
- 31. Resources
- 32. 32 Neo4j http://www.neo4j.org/ ! Explore and create your own GraphGist http://www.neo4j.org/learn/graphgist ! Online Training http://www.neo4j.org/learn/online_course Spreading Graph Love