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Flood
This document provides an overview of flooding, including its causes, hazards, and management in India. It begins with an introduction defining flooding as caused by heavy rain or snowmelt that overflows land. It then discusses how flooding starts and ends, why it occurs, and its hazardous environmental effects such as poor soil quality, damaged trees and crops. The document outlines India's flood management approaches including modifying floods, susceptibility, and loss burden. It details structural measures like dams and non-structural measures like flood forecasting. Finally, it proposes future strategies around a focused basin-wise approach, flood plain zoning, central government role, and capacity building.
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Flood
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- 2. TOPICS: • Introduction toFLOOD • Hazardous by FLOOD • Disaster Management for FLOOD in India • Future directions & STRATEGIES
- 3. INTRODUCTION A flood isusually caused by rain, heavy thunderstorms, and thawing of snow. Its considered to be a temporary condition of two or more acres of dry land either: • Overflowed with inland or tidal waters • Rapid or runoff of surface waters • Mudflows
- 4. HOW DOES FLOODING STARTAND END? The shore or land by or surrounding a body of water erodes and this erosion causes waves currents that result in a flood. Flood disasters have been increased because of the expansion of settlements and growth in floodplains. Floods could be slow or fast but usually occur over a matter of days. After the water eventually goes down or dries up. On coastal floods, low tides and high tides makes a change in heights.
- 5. WHY DOES ITOCCUR?? A flood is too much water in the wrong place. Sometimes a flood occurs from : • Sewer (drain) backup • Collapse of land along the shore of a lake or another body of water. This results in waves or currents during a flood
- 6. HAZARDOUS BY FLOOD •Effects on the Environment: It also makes a mess of the environment. The soil becomes poor because the oxygen is limited due to so much water. The pH in soil decreases, rate decomposition of organic matter in flooded soil tends only to be half that unflooded soil Trees are effected as well. It effects the height, age, vigor, roots, and species. During the growing season flooding is very harmful especially to woody plants compared a flood in a dormant season. Floods could carry chemicals from agricultural fields, sewage,etc. and can’t handle large bodies of water. Crops die because they can’t survive because of the conditions.
- 7. HERE ARE THESOME PICTURES SHOWS HAZARDOUS:
- 9. INDISCRIMINATE ENCROACHMENT INCREASING ECONOMIC AND DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES IN FLOOD PLAINS LACK OF REGULATIONS INADEQUATE DRAINAGE SYSTEM INADEQUATE MAINTENANCE LACK OF DISASTER PREPAREDNESS INCREASED VULNERABILITY CAUSES
- 10. • FLOODS CANNOT BE ABSOLUTELY CONTROLLED • FLOODS CAN ONLY BE MANAGED TO REDUCE FLOOD LOSSES FLOOD MANAGEMENT APPROACH
- 11. MODIFY THE FLOODS MODIFYTHE SUSCEPTIBILITY TO FLOOD DAMAGE MODIFY THE LOSS BURDEN BEAR THE LOSS FLOOD MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES
- 12. FLOOD MANAGEMENT ORGANISATIONS: STATEFLOOD CONTROL DEPARTMENTS CENTRAL WATER COMMISSION GANGA FLOOD CONTROL COMMISSION BRAHMAPUTRA BOARD MHA - NDM DIVISION
- 13. DAMS &RESERVOIRS EMBANKMENT CHANNEL IMPROVEMENT RIVER DIVERSION INTER BASIN TRANSFER ANTI EROSION WORKS FLOOD MANAGEMENT STRUCTURAL MEASURES
- 14. FLOOD FORECASTING& WARNING FLOOD PLAIN ZONING FLOOD FIGHTING FLOOD PROOFING FLOOD INSURANCE RELIEF & REHABILITATION NON STRUCTURAL MEASURES
- 15. FLOOD PLAIN ZONING WATERSUPPLY FACTORY POWER HOUSE UNIVERSITYRESIDENTIAL AREA GOVT. OFFICE HOSPITAL NORMAL CHANNEL PARK FREQUENT FLOOD FLOOD ONCE IN 25 YEARS FLOOD ONCE IN 100 YEARS III IIII III I I
- 16. FLOOD FORECASTING ANDWARNING DATA COLLECTION DATA TRANSMISSION DATA ANALYSIS & FORECAST FORMULATION DISSEMINATION OF FORECAST STEPS
- 17. FUTURE STRATEGIES: Focused Approach BasinWise Action Plan Flood Plain Zoning Role of Central Government Funding of Planned Flood Management Works Adequacy of Flood Cushion in Reservoirs
- 18. CONTINUE…. Encourage and consolidateknowledge networks Mobilise and train disaster volunteers for more effective preparedness, mitigation and response (NSS, NCC, Scouts and Guides, NYK, Civil Defence, Home guards) Increased capacity building leads to faster vulnerability reduction. Learn from best practices in disaster preparedness, mitigation and disaster response