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Formation Damage Test.
- 1. Formation Damage Causes,Prevention and Remediation By Abd Al Rahman Ibrahim Soliman, Senior Geoscience Student , Faculty of science, Alexandria University. [email protected]
- 2. 2 Agenda Formation Damage Causes,Prevention, and Remediation o What is formation damage definition? o What are Formation Damage Causes? o What does formation damage do? o What are Formation Damage Indicators? o How we Clean Formation Damage? o Open Discussion and Questions o Feedback
- 3. 3 ROCK Reservoir Non-Reservoir Hydrocarbon bearing Water bearing Gas bearing Oilbearing Hint Formation Damage Causes, Prevention, and Remediation
- 4. 4 What is FormationDamage Definition? Formation Damage Causes, Prevention, and Remediation Formation damage: A reduction in the permeability of reservoir rock caused by penetration of drilling fluid and treating fluids into the section adjacent to the wellbore. Simulation to the Formation Damage problems in specialized laboratories.
- 5. 5 Where is theDamage? Formation Damage Causes, Prevention, and Remediation
- 6. 6 Where is theDamage? Formation Damage Causes, Prevention, and Remediation
- 7. 7 Where is theDamage? Formation Damage Causes, Prevention, and Remediation KH…Horizontal Permeability KV…Vertical Permeability Effect of Anisotropy and Stress on Damage Zone
- 8. 8 Agenda Formation Damage Causes,Prevention, and Remediation o What are Formation Damage Causes? o What does formation damage do? o What are Formation Damage Indicators? o How we Clean Formation Damage? o Open Discussion and Questions o Feedback
- 9. 9 Damage Causes Formation DamageCauses, Prevention, and Remediation o Obstructions in the natural flow path in the reservoir. o “Pseudo” damage such as turbulence -very real effect, but no visible obstructions o “Structural” damage from depletion –matrix compression, etc.
- 10. 10 Flow Path Obstructions FormationDamage Causes, Prevention, and Remediation o Swelling Clays Rock-fluid incompatibility (clay swelling, etc.)
- 11. 11 Flow Path Obstructions FormationDamage Causes, Prevention, and Remediation o Particulate Plugging = Fine grain migration
- 12. 12 Flow Path Obstructions FormationDamage Causes, Prevention, and Remediation o Asphalten and Sludge Deposition
- 13. 13 Flow Path Obstructions FormationDamage Causes, Prevention, and Remediation o Wettability = Water blocking
- 14. 14 “Pseudo” Damage Formation DamageCauses, Prevention, and Remediation o Turbulence
- 15. 15 “Pseudo” Damage Formation DamageCauses, Prevention, and Remediation o Fluid-fluid incompatibility (emulsion generation, etc.)
- 16. 16 “Structural” Damage Formation DamageCauses, Prevention, and Remediation o Scale Inorganic Precipitates
- 17. 17 “Structural” Damage Formation DamageCauses, Prevention, and Remediation
- 18. 18 Potential Sources ofFormation Damage During History of Well Formation Damage Causes, Prevention, and Remediation o Formation Damage Caused by Water-Based Muds o Formation Damage Caused by Completion Workover Fluids o Damage During Perforating and Cementing o Formation Damage Resulting From Gas Breakout o Bacterial Plugging o Drilling (emulsion block, wettability change, mud damage, mechanical damage) o Cementing (pH change, scale formation) o Perforating o Completion
- 19. 19 Agenda Formation Damage Causes,Prevention, and Remediation o What does formation damage do? o What are Formation Damage Indicators? o How we Clean Formation Damage? o Open Discussion and Questions o Feedback
- 20. 20 What Does FormationDamage Do? Formation Damage Causes, Prevention, and Remediation Reduction of reservoir productivity Non-economic operations Although we do not have the ability to control reservoir rock properties and fluid properties, we have some degree of control over drilling, completion, and production operations.
- 21. 21 What Does FormationDamage Do? Formation Damage Causes, Prevention, and Remediation
- 22. 22 Formation Damage Indicators FormationDamage Causes, Prevention, and Remediation o Permeability impairment o Skin (near wellbore Pressure) damage o Decrease of well performance.
- 23. 23 Formation Damage Indicators FormationDamage Causes, Prevention, and Remediation
- 24. 24 Observations on Damage FormationDamage Causes, Prevention, and Remediation o Shallow damage is the most common and makes the biggest impact on production. o It may take significant damage to create large drops in production o The problem, however, is that the highest permeability zones are the easiest to damage, and that can have a major impact on productivity.
- 25. 25 Observations on Damage FormationDamage Causes, Prevention, and Remediation
- 26. 26 Agenda Formation Damage Causes,Prevention, and Remediation o How we Clean Formation Damage? o Open Discussion and Questions o Feedback
- 27. 27 Cleaning Damage Formation DamageCauses, Prevention, and Remediation o Most damage is removed by simple clean-up flow
- 28. 28 Cleaning Damage Formation DamageCauses, Prevention, and Remediation o We don’t know enough about timing of damage removal.
- 29. 29 Conclusion Formation Damage Causes,Prevention, and Remediation o Formation damage mechanisms vary depending on the well operation types and reservoir and fluid conditions. o Oil and gas recovery can be enhanced by minimizing and controlling of formation damage. o Formation Damage can cause significant decreases in well productivity and worldwide yearly lost production due to Formation Damage is equivalent to billions of dollars in lost revenue. Identification and reduction of Formation Damage problems can lead to immediate returns in the form of increased production rates and extension of the life of any field.
- 30. 30 Conclusion Formation Damage Causes,Prevention, and Remediation o Damage is usually shallow. o Remove it or by-pass damage if it really causes a problem. o Not every “damage” is in the formation. o Not every drop in production is caused by damage. o First, remove the pressure drops, everything else will take care of itself.
- 31. 31 Agenda Formation Damage Causes,Prevention, and Remediation o Open Discussion and Questions o Feedback
- 32. 32 Conclusion Formation Damage Causes,Prevention, and Remediation Special Core analysis
- 33. 33 Conclusion Formation Damage Causes,Prevention, and Remediation Special Core analysis o Formation Factor o Resistivity index o Wettability o Relative Permeability o Reservoir condition flood test o Acoustic velocity measurements o Water sensitivity test o Overburden measurements o Capillary pressure measurements o FDT
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- 35. 35 Conclusion Formation Damage Causes,Prevention, and Remediation
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