This document discusses the benefits of functional programming (FP) that the author learned. It begins by explaining how multithreading programs are difficult to write, test, and ensure thread safety due to mutable shared state. FP avoids these issues by not using mutable variables. The document then covers some key aspects of FP like recursion, higher-order functions, function composition, and immutable data structures. It provides examples in various languages to illustrate these concepts. The author argues that FP provides a good foundation for writing concurrent programs due to its avoidance of mutable state.