Functional Requirements For Bibliographic Records - FRBR

FRBR

I
M
W E
29 November 2012

• Definition
• History
• Objectives
• Bibliographic Universe
• FRBR User Tasks
• FRBR Entities
• E-Relationships
• E-Attributes
• FRBR Benefits
• FR Family
• Examples

FRBR by Jamila Jaber 2

• The Functional Requirements for Bibliographic
Records “Ferber” is a conceptual entity-
relationship model that relates user tasks of
retrieval and access in online library catalogues
and bibliographic databases


What is a conceptual model?
Abstract representation of the universe of things
being described
• Things in that universe (Entities)
• Identifying characteristics of those
entities (Attributes)
• Linking these entities (Relationships)


FRBR is:
• Not Cataloguing Rules
• Not Data Models
• Not an implementation study/guide


• Almost forty years ago the IFLA initiated a
fundamental re-examination of cataloguing
theory and practice on an international level

• 1992-1997 IFLA’s FRBR Working Group

• 1998 IFLA's FRBR, Final Report


• Provide a clearly defined, structured framework
for relating the data that are recorded in
bibliographic records to the needs of the users

• Recommend a basic level of functionality for
records created by national bibliographic
agencies


From: Object oriented model Emphasis on the
object containing a document/content (AACR2)

To: Content oriented model IFLA 1998 focuses at
functional requirements of library catalog records
(catalogs objectives/ User tasks)


RDA

• RDA “new AACR2” is a cataloging standard that
is based on the FRBR conceptual model
• RDA introduces a new framework for technical
and content description consists of three data
elements: Content type, media type and
carrier type


Modeling

• FRBR & User Tasks
“FRBR is a user-centered model, explicitly relating its
organization of entities and attributes to the users tasks
identified by the 1998 IFLA modification to the Paris
Principles (find, identify, select, and obtain).”(Antelman,
2004)

• Entity-Relationship framework
– Entities (a class of things)
– Relationships (associations among entities)
– Attributes (characteristics of the entities)


• Find
to locate either a single entity or a set of
entities as the result of a search using an
attribute or relationship of the entity

• Identify
to confirm that the entity described
corresponds to the entity sought, or to
distinguish between two or more entities with
similar characteristics

• Select
to choose an entity that meets the user's
requirements with respect to content,
physical format, etc., or to reject an entity as
being inappropriate to the user's needs
• Obtain
to acquire an entity through purchase, loan,
etc., or to access an entity electronically
through an online connection

• Group 1 Entities – Works, Expressions,
Manifestations, and Items (WEMI)
• Group 2 Entities – Persons, Corporate Bodies,
Families (FRAD)
• Group 3 Entities – Concept, Place, Event,
Object, plus all Group 1 & 2 Entities (FRSAD)


(WEMI)
WORK

is realized through
EXPRESSION
is embodied in

MANIFESTATION

is exemplified by

ITEM


WORK
• Abstract entity
• No single material object one can point to
• Recognized through individual realizations or
expressions
• Exists only in the commonality of content
between and among the various expressions


Expression
• The intellectual or artistic realization of a work in
the form of:
– Alpha-numeric notation
– Musical notation
– Choreographic notation
– Sound
– Image
– Object
– Movement
– Or any combination of such forms


Manifestation
• Encompasses a wide range of materials
– Manuscripts
– Books
– Periodicals
– Maps
– Posters
– Sound recordings
– CD-ROMs
– Multimedia kits


Item
• Item is a concrete entity
• A single physical object (e.g., a copy of a one-volume
monograph, a single audio cassette, etc.)
or:
• Can comprise more than one physical object (e.g., a
monograph issued as two separately bound volumes, a
recording issued on three separate compact discs, etc.).


Pride and Prejudice
Example (Work)

Original Novel French Translation Audiobook
(Expression) (Expression) (Expression)

Audio Pub. Co.,
Keynes, 1813 Éditions ABC, 2002
2006
(Manifestation) (Manifestation)
(Manifestation)

Owned by Library of Owned by
Owned by IUL
Congress LAU
(Item)
(Item) (Item)


• Persons, corporate bodies, and families
responsible for:
– the intellectual or artistic content,
– the physical production and dissemination, or
– the custodianship of the entities


Example Person
Wagner, Richard, 1813-1883

Musical
Work
Die Meistersinger von
Nürnberg (Opera)

Literary Work
Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg
(Libretto)


Concept
An abstract notion or an idea as a subject of a work. E.g.:
Economics, Agriculture, Library Science
Object
A material thing as a subject of a work. E.g.: Eiffel Tower,
Challenger
Event
An action or occurrences (historical events, periods of time, etc.)
as a subject of a work. E.g.: Civil War, 21st Century
Place
A location (terrestrial and extraterrestrial; historical and
contemporary; geographic features and geopolitical jurisdictions
as subjects of a work. E.g.: The Moon, Ohio, Howard Beach.
All of Group 1 and Group 2 entities can be subjects of a work


Example
Work Created by
Songs of Innocence and Person
Blake, William, 1757-1827
Experience Creates

Has Subject

Work
Approaches to Teaching
Blake Concept/Topic
Literary education
Created by Creates
Person
Gleckner, Robert F.


• Inherent relationships:
– work “is realized by” by an expression
– expression “is embodied in” a manifestation
– manifestation “is exemplified by” an item
• Content relationships:
– Equivalence
– Derivative
– Descriptive
– Whole/part
– Part-to-part
– Shared characteristics

Equivalent Derivative Descriptive
Free
Review
Translation
Microform Edition Summary Casebook
Reproduction Abstract Dramatization Criticism
Simultaneous Abridged
“Publication” Edition Digest Novelization
Screenplay
Copy Libretto
Illustrated Evaluation
Revision
Edition Change of Genre
Exact
Expurgated Parody Annotated
Reproduction Translation
Imitation Edition
Edition
Same Style or
Variations or
Facsimile Arrangement Thematic Content
Versions Commentary
Slight
Reprint Adaptation
Modification

Same Work –
Original Work-- Cataloging Rules New Work
Same Expression New ExpressionFRBR by Jamila Jaber
Cut-Off Point

Attributes of a Work:
• Title of the work
• Form of work
• Date of the work
• Other distinguishing characteristic
• Intended termination
• Intended audience
• Context for the work
• Others …


Attributes of an Expression:
• Form of expression
• Date of the expression
• Language of expression
• Other distinguishing characteristic
• Extensibility of expression
• Revisibility of expression
• Extent of the expression
• Summarization of content
• Others …


Attributes of a Manifestation:
• Title of the manifestation
• Statement of responsibility
• Edition/issue designation
• Place of publication/distribution
• Publisher/distributor
• Date of publication/distribution
• Fabricator/manufacturer
• Series statement
• Form of carrier
• Extent of the carrier
• Physical medium
• Others …

Attributes of an Item:
• Item identifier
• Fingerprint
• Provenance of the item
• Marks/inscriptions
• Exhibition history
• Condition of the item
• Treatment history
• Scheduled treatment
• Access restrictions on the item

Attributes of a person:
– Title of person
– Dates associated with the person (birth/death/period
of activity
– Gender
– Place of birth
– Place of death
– Country
– Place of residence


Attributes of a family:
 Type of family

 Dates of family

 Places associated with family

 Field of activity

 History of family


Attributes of a corporate body:
– Place associated
– Dates associated
– Language of the corporate body
– Address
– Field of activity
– History
– Other information associated with the corporate body


Attributes of a concept:
– Term for the concept
Attributes of an object:
– Term for the object
Attributes of an event:
– Term for the event
Attributes of a place:
– Term for the place


• Collocation
– Better organization to catalog
– Improve the user experience in locating information
• Simplify cataloging
– Cut costs for the description and access to resources
in our libraries
– Enabling links and re-use of identifying
elements
• Guide systems designs for the future
• Guide rule makers

Collocation

Collocation by Works
Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616.
+ All’s well that ends well
+ As you like it
+ Hamlet
+ Macbeth
+ Midsummer night’s dream


Collocation

Collocation by Family of Works and Expressions
Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616.Hamlet.
+ Texts
+ Motion Pictures
+ Sound Recordings


Collocation

Collocation by Expressions
+ Texts – Danish
+ Texts – Dutch
+ Texts – English
+ Motion Pictures – English
+ Sound Recordings - English


Collocation

Collocation of Manifestations
- Motion pictures – English
+ 1964 Director, Bill Collegan
+ 1990 Director, Kevin Kline, Kirk Browning
+ 1990 Director, Franco Zeffirelli


• FRBR: Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records
Original framework (approved 1997, published 1998)
Defines all entities
Focus on Group 1 entities
• FRAD: Functional Requirements for Authority Data
FRANAR (published June, 2009)
Authority records
Focus on Group 2 entities
• FRSAD: Functional Requirements for Subject Authority Data
Focus on Group3 entities
Established April 2005
Final Report released (June, 2010)


WORK
EXPRESSION
100 1_ $aWinton, Tim,$d1960- MANIFESTATION
ITEM
240 10 $aCloudstreet.$lGerman
245 13 $aDas Haus an der Cloudstreet :$bRoman /
$cTim Winton ; aus dem australischen
Englisch von Barbara Lehnerer
260 __ $aFrankfurt am Main :$bKruger,$c1998.
300 __ $a 493 p. ;$c22 cm.
700 1_ $aLehnerer, Barbara,$etranslator.
900 __ $aLibrary’s copy signed by the author.


Hierarchical Catalog Records

• The English Patient by Michael Ondaatje
+WORK
Ondaatje, Michael, 1943-
The English patient. [original book]
+WORK
The English patient. [film]
+WORK Minghella, Anthony.
The English patient. [film script]



-WORK
+EXPRESSION
Text - English
+EXPRESSION
Sound recording – English



-WORK
- EXPRESSION
Text – English
+ MANIFESTATION
The English patient / Michael Ondaatje.
London : Chivers Press, 1997.
455 p. : ill. ; 23 cm.
ISBN: 0786211512 (hbk.)
ISBN: 075402024X (U.K. pbk.)
+ MANIFESTATION
The English patient / by Michael Ondaatje.
New York : Vintage Books, 1993.
1st Vintage International ed.
305 p. ; 21 cm.
ISBN: 0679745203


-WORK
- EXPRESSION
Text – English
- MANIFESTATION
The English patient / Michael Ondaatje.
London : Chivers Press, 1997.
455 p. : ill. ; 23 cm.
ISBN: 0786211512 (hbk.)
ISBN: 075402024X (U.K. pbk.)
. ITEM
2806897483
MAIN
Material Type: BOOK
ENGLISH S 249 OND
10


Bram Stoker's Dracula in FRBR terms (video)

THANK YOU


• ABDEL KADER, Amel Hasin (‫“ .)أمل حسين عبد القادر‬FRBR ‫ .”المتطلبات الوظيفية للتسجيلة الببليوجرافية‬In: Cybrarians Journal [on
line]. June 2005, No. 5 [cited 27 July 2005]. Available from World Wide Web:
<http://www.cybrarians.info/journal/no5/frbr.htm.> ISSN 1687-2215.
• BADEN, Diane. Is FRBR in our future?: NELINET, ILL Spring meeting, June 16, 2003 [on line]. [Southborough, Mass.]:
NELINET, 2003 [cited 12 August 2003]. Available from World Wide Web:
<http://www.nelinet.net/conf/ill/rsac03/baden.ppt>.
• CARLYLE, Allyson. FRBR and the Bibliographic Universe, or, How to Read FRBR as a Model. In: Back to the future,
ALCTS Preconference, ALA Annual Meeting, Orlando, June 25, 2004 [on line]. [S. l.]: ALA, 2004 [cited 25 October
2004]. Available from World Wide Web: <http://www.ala.org/ala/alcts/alctsconted/presentations/Carlyle.pdf>.
• CARLYLE, Allyson. Understanding FRBR as a Conceptual Model: FRBR and the Bibliographic Universe. In: Library
Resources & Technical Services. 2006. Vol. 50, No. 4, pp. 264-273. Also available on line from:
http://projects.ischool.washington.edu/acarlyle/Papers/Carlyle_FRBR_2006.htm
• "FRBR Overview and Application Module 1 CLW ppt free ebook download from www.loc.gov." Ebook Search & Free
Ebook Downloads - Ebookbrowse.com. N.p., 2011. Web. 30 Nov. 2012. <http://ebookbrowse.com/frbr-overview-
and-application-module-1-clw-ppt-d297969696>
• IFLA Study Group on the functional requirements for bibliographic records. Functional requirements for
bibliographic records: final report [printed text]. – Munich, Germany : K. G. Saur, 1998. Also available online from
World Wide Web: http://www.ifla.org/VII/s13/frbr/frbr.pdf
• Tillet, Barbara. "FRBR: Things You Should Know, But Were Afraid to Ask Webcast (Library of Congress)." Library of
Congress Home. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Nov. 2012.
<http://www.loc.gov/today/cyberlc/feature_wdesc.php?rec=4554>.ttp://www.ifla.org/VII/s13/frbr/frbr.htm
• Tillet, Barbara. "What is FRBR?." Library Of Congress. Library Of Congress, 2003.Web. 14 Nov. 2012.
<www.loc.gov/cds/downloads/FRBR.PDF>


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