fuel handling equipmentssteampowerplant.pdf
- 1. Fuels and Coal handling Equipment's
- 2. Fuels and Coal handling Equipment's Factors affecting the Selection of Equipment 1. Plant Fuel Rate 2. Plant Location in respect of Fuel Shipping 3. Storage area Available. These aspects become important in view of the high operating costs (50 -60% for the fuel purchase and handling)
- 3. OBJECTIVES OF A GOOD HANDLING SYSTEM A good handling system should have following objectives: • 1. Minimum handling • 2. Maximum utilization of equipment • 3. Maximum utilization of space • 4. Efficient utilization of manpower • 5. Care for employee safety and convenience • 6. Reduced integral transport • 7. Easy to supervise • 8. Minimum production delays and back-tracking.
- 4. Fuels and Coal handling Equipment's Means of Coal Shipment 1. Transportation by sea or river 2. Transportation by rail 3. Transportation by ropeways 4. Transportation by road, and 5. Transportation of coal by pipe line
- 5. Fuels and Coal handling Equipment's Advantages of Transport by Pipeline i. Simplicity in installation and increased safety in operation. ii. More economical when large volumes need to be transported over long distances. iii. Continuous operation and not affected by climate and weather iv. High degree of reliability. v. Loss due to theft is eliminated. vi. Man power requirement is low.
- 6. Fuels and Coal handling Equipment's Requirement of Good Coal Handling Plant 1. Should operate with minimum maintenance. 2. Should be reliable 3. Simple in design and to operate 4. Require minimum of operatives 5. Should be able to deliver requisite quantity of coal at destination during peak demand 6. There should be minimum wear in running the equipment due to abrasive action of the coal particles
- 7. Fuels and Coal handling Equipment's Advantages of Mechanical Handling: 1. Higher Reliability 2. Less Labour required 3. Economical for medium and Large capacity plants 4. Operation is Easy and Smooth 5. Can be easily started and economically adjusted as per need 6. Minimized labour and hence easier management and control of the plant 7. Reduced health hazards as less labour involved 8. Losses in transport – minimized.
- 9. Coal Delivery •The coal from supply points is delivered by ships or boats to power stations situated near to sea or river whereas coal is supplied by rail or trucks to the power stations which are situated away from sea or river. •The transportation of coal by trucks is used if the railway facilities are not available
- 10. UN LOADING •The type of equipment to be used for unloading the coal received at the power station depends on how coal is received at the power station. •If coal delivered by trucks, there is no need of unloading device as the trucks may dump the coal to the outdoor storage. •Coal is easily handled if the lift trucks with scoop are used.
- 11. UN LOADING • In case the coal is brought by railways wagons, ships or boats, the unloading may be done by rotary car dumpers, cranes, grab buckets and coal accelerators. • Rotary car dumpers although costly are quite efficient for unloading closed wagons.
- 12. LIFT TRUCK WITH SCOOP
- 13. PREPARATION • When the coal delivered is in the form of big lumps and it is not of proper size, the preparation (sizing) of coal can be achieved by the following equipment: • (a) Crushers • (b) Sizers • (c) Dryers and • (d) Magnetic separators.
- 14. COAL TRANSFER • After preparation coal is transferred to the dead storage by means of the following systems. 1. Belt conveyors 2. Screw conveyors 3. Bucket elevators 4. Grab bucket elevators 5. Skip hoists 6. Flight conveyor
- 15. 1. Belt Conveyor • It Consists of an endless belt moving over a pair of end drums (rollers) at some distance a supporting roller is provided at the centre. belt conveyor is suitable for the transfer of coal over a long distance.
- 16. 1. Belt Conveyor • It consist of an endless belt moving over a pair of end drums • At some distance a supporting rolle.r is provided at center. • The belt is made up of rubber or canvas • It is suitable for the transfer of coal over long distances. • It is used in medium and large power plants. • The initial cost of the system is not high and power consumption is low. • Average speed of belt conveyor is 200-300 R.P.M
- 18. 2. Bucket Conveyor • Bucket Conveyor/elevators move bulk material vertically much like the conveyor belt. • Buckets are attached to a rotating belt and fill with the material at the bottom of the elevator then move it to a designated point. • When the bucket reaches this point, it discharges the contents, returns to the start point, and begins the process again. Buckets prevent spillage with their upright position design.
- 19. 3. Screw Conveyor Consists of an endless helical screw fitted to a shaft. the screw while rotating in a trough transfers the coal from feeding end to discharge end.
- 20. 4. GRAB BUCKET CONVEYOR
- 22. Skip Hoist
- 23. Outline of Coal Handling Equipment