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Software Quality Assurance
FUNDAMENTALS OF
TESTING
How to think about quality
when you believe it's
an appropriate time to begin formal
testing?
What is a software error?
One common definition of a software error is a mismatch between the program and its
specification.
Definition #1:
“A mismatch between the program and its specification is an error in the program if and
only if the specification exists and is correct.”
Definition #2:
“A software error is present for when the program does not do what its end user
reasonability expects to do.” (Myers, 1976)
Definition #3:
“There can never be an absolute definition for bugs, nor an absolute determination of
their existence. The extent to which a program has bugs is measured by the extent to
which it fails to be useful. This is a fundamentally human measure.”(Besizer, 1984)
Software Errors
- User interface errors, such as output errors, incorrect user
messages.
- Function errors - Defect hardware
- Incorrect version - Testing errors
- Requirements errors - Design errors
- Documentation errors - Architecture errors
- Module interface errors - Performance errors
- Error handling - Boundary-related errors
- Logic errors, such as calculation errors
- Communication errors
Categories of Software Errors
Like other activities in software engineering phases, it is impossible to have a cost-
effective software test process without a very good planning,
The major objective of software test planning:
generate a well-defined software test plan.
What content should be included in a software test plan?
- Testing activities and schedule
- Testing tasks and assignments
- Selected test strategy and test models
- Test methods and criteria
- Required test tools and environment
- Problem tracking and reporting
- Test cost estimation
Software Test Planning
Before starting test design, we must identify our test objectives, focuses, and test
items.
The major purpose is to help us understand what are the targets of software
testing.
This step can be done based on:
• Requirements specifications
• Inputs from developers
• Feedback from customers
Benefits are:
• Identify and rank the major focus of software testing
• Check the requirements to see if they are correct, completed, and testable
• Enhance and update system requirements to make sure they are testable
• Support the decision on selecting or defining test strategy
For example,
Software Test Requirements
The essentials of testing requirements include:
• Specified testing methods
• Required test types and test coverage criteria
• Selected or required test tools
• Testing focuses and test items for each type of software testing
An example of performance testing requirements:
“Check the system performance to make sure it meet 99% system reliability
requirements”
A typical example for required test items is:
Test item #I: “Test the call waiting feature (REQ #j) during system testing based on
the given requirements specifications.”
Software Test Requirements

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Fundamentals of testing SQA

  • 2. How to think about quality when you believe it's an appropriate time to begin formal testing?
  • 3. What is a software error? One common definition of a software error is a mismatch between the program and its specification. Definition #1: “A mismatch between the program and its specification is an error in the program if and only if the specification exists and is correct.” Definition #2: “A software error is present for when the program does not do what its end user reasonability expects to do.” (Myers, 1976) Definition #3: “There can never be an absolute definition for bugs, nor an absolute determination of their existence. The extent to which a program has bugs is measured by the extent to which it fails to be useful. This is a fundamentally human measure.”(Besizer, 1984) Software Errors
  • 4. - User interface errors, such as output errors, incorrect user messages. - Function errors - Defect hardware - Incorrect version - Testing errors - Requirements errors - Design errors - Documentation errors - Architecture errors - Module interface errors - Performance errors - Error handling - Boundary-related errors - Logic errors, such as calculation errors - Communication errors Categories of Software Errors
  • 5. Like other activities in software engineering phases, it is impossible to have a cost- effective software test process without a very good planning, The major objective of software test planning: generate a well-defined software test plan. What content should be included in a software test plan? - Testing activities and schedule - Testing tasks and assignments - Selected test strategy and test models - Test methods and criteria - Required test tools and environment - Problem tracking and reporting - Test cost estimation Software Test Planning
  • 6. Before starting test design, we must identify our test objectives, focuses, and test items. The major purpose is to help us understand what are the targets of software testing. This step can be done based on: • Requirements specifications • Inputs from developers • Feedback from customers Benefits are: • Identify and rank the major focus of software testing • Check the requirements to see if they are correct, completed, and testable • Enhance and update system requirements to make sure they are testable • Support the decision on selecting or defining test strategy For example, Software Test Requirements
  • 7. The essentials of testing requirements include: • Specified testing methods • Required test types and test coverage criteria • Selected or required test tools • Testing focuses and test items for each type of software testing An example of performance testing requirements: “Check the system performance to make sure it meet 99% system reliability requirements” A typical example for required test items is: Test item #I: “Test the call waiting feature (REQ #j) during system testing based on the given requirements specifications.” Software Test Requirements