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G10 Global perspectives Global Disparities .pptx
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- 2. In the followinglessons we will explore • What is the current situation of global disparities? • Why should we reduce the inequality? • How to measure development disparities in general?
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- 4. Organization for EconomicCo-operation and Development 经济合作与发展组织 an intergovernmental economic organisation with 38 member countries, founded in 1961 to stimulate economic progress and world trade. It is a forum of countries describing themselves as committed to democracy and the market economy, providing a platform to compare policy experiences, seek answers to common problems, identify good practices and coordinate domestic and international policies of its members. Château de la Muette
- 5. Quiz What does theratio 10:1 in the US, Israel, and Turkey represent? Whose ratio reaches 27:1? Do benefits of economic growth trickle down to all? What kinds of problems did the video methion? What are the two purposes of getting better policies according to OECD?
- 6. Facts about disparities https://ourworldindata.org/glo bal-economic-inequality Weare living in a world with expanding of disparities. Please describe the inequality of the world according to the graph, compare your life experience, are you shocked by the facts of inequality?
- 7. International Monetary Fund aninternational financial institution, headquartered in Washington, D.C., consisting of 190 countries. Its stated mission is "working to foster global monetary cooperation, secure financial stability, facilitate international trade, promote high employment and sustainable economic growth, and reduce poverty around the world." Formed in 1944, started on 27 December 1945, at the Bretton Woods Conference primarily by the ideas of Harry Dexter White and John Maynard Keynes, it came into formal existence in 1945 with 29 member countries and the goal of reconstructing the international monetary system. It now plays a central role in the management of balance of payments difficulties and international financial
- 8. https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/fandd/issues/202 2/03/Global-inequalities-Stanley Global inequalities arein bad shape and mostly do not appear to be getting better. Disparities today are about the same as they were in the early 20th century, and the pandemic continues to make things worse. The recently released World Inequality Report 2022 sheds light on this problem. With two traditional measures and two new ones, the study adds much to our knowledge of inequality. As the chart below shows, current disparities are extreme. The poorest half of the global population owns just €2,900 (in purchasing power parity) per adult, while the top 10 percent owns roughly 190 times as much. Income inequalities are not much better. The richest 10 percent today snap up 52 percent of all income. The poorest half get just 8.5 percent.
- 9. The two newmeasures in the report look at ecological and gender inequality. The first is reported through carbon dioxide emissions by income category. This is not just a matter of rich versus poor nations; there are large disparities within all countries between the most well- off and the rest. The report looks at gender inequality through a breakdown of labor incomes. Over the past 30 years women’s share of income has only slightly
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- 19. Summarize and Analyses Pleasesummarize China’s regional inequality And Then use your previous knowledge, answer the question: What causes Chinese regional inequalities ? You can consider in those aspects • Geographical :Topography, transportation, climate? • Political: Internal policy? International transportation?
- 20. Why should wereduce inequality? Please summarize your ideas after you learn the https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cZ7LzE3u7Bw
- 21. Why should we reduceinequality? • Higher inequality make social relations worse: including child conflicts/homicide/crime/trust • Higher inequality make social health situation worse: more drug/alcohol abuse/infant mortality rate/ life expectancy/ obesity/ mental illness • Inequality threatens longterm social and economic development, harms poverty reduction and destroys people’s sense of fulfilment and self-worth. This, in turn, can breed crime, disease and environmental degradation.
- 22. Measurement of regionaland global inequalities--HDI • The United Nations (UN) has encouraged the use of the Human Development Index (HDI) as a measure of development, as it is more reliable than single indicators such as gross national income (GNI) per head. (GNI was previously known as gross national product – GNP.) • High levels of human development can be achieved without high incomes, and high incomes do not guarantee high levels of human development Like Pakistan and Vietnam have similar incomes, but Vietnam has a higher HDI score
- 23. Inequality in US Pleasesummarize inequality in US
- 24. Vocabulary • Disparities 差异 •Inequality 不平等 • OECD Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development 经合组织 • Human Development Index (HDI) 人类发展指数 • Racial inequality 种族不平等 • Regional inequality 区域发展不平衡
Editor's Notes
- #5 Mexico and Chile high-skilled, part time, flexibility-->wage inequality tax and benefit system redistribute less than in the past fairness and efficiency
- #9 国际货币基金组织（法语：Fonds Monétaire International，缩写：FMI；英语：International Monetary Fund，缩写：IMF）于1945年12月27日成立，属于联合国经济及社会理事会（英语：Economic and Social Council，简称ECOSOC）下属的专门机构，与世界银行同为世界两大金融机构，由189个国家组成，致力于促进全球货币合作，确保金融稳定，促进国际贸易。职责是监察货币汇率和各国贸易情况、提供技术和资金协助[5][6][7]，确保全球金融制度运作正常；其总部设置于美国华盛顿特区。