ga4.pdf

Google Analytics 4 (GA4)
Written by Himanshu Sharma, Founder of OptimizeSmart.com
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About the author
● Founder, OptimizeSmart.com
● Over 15 years of experience in digital analytics and marketing.
● Author of four best-selling books on digital analytics and conversion optimization
● Nominated for Digital Analytics Association Awards for Excellence.
● Runs one of the most popular blogs in the world on digital analytics.
● Consultant to countless small and big businesses over the decade.
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Table of Contents
Introduction to Google Analytics 4 (GA4) 6
Introduction to GA4 property 6
FAQ: How do I transfer my Universal Analytics (GA3) data into GA4? 7
FAQ: How do I save my Universal Analytics data from being deleted? 8
Key differences between GA4 and GA3 (and earlier versions) 8
How to create and use the GA4 property? 25
Google signals for GA4 41
How to connect your GA4 property with Google Ads? 50
GA4 Articles for further reading... 58
#1 Google Analytics 4 Intro 58
#2 Google Analytics 4 Integrations 58
#3 Google Analytics 4 Events 59
#4 Google Analytics 4 Conversions 59
#5 Google Analytics 4 Dimensions 59
#6 Google Analytics 4 Metrics 60
#7 Google Analytics 4 Ecommerce 60
#8 Google Analytics 4 Specialized Tracking 60
#9 Google Analytics 4 filters 60
#10 Google Analytics 4 Explorations 61
#11 Google Analytics 4 Advanced 61
#12 Google Analytics 4 Reporting 62
#13 Google Analytics 4 Attribution 62
#14 Google Analytics 4 Audiences 62
#15 Google Analytics 4 BigQuery 62

Introduction to Google Analytics 4 (GA4)
Google Analytics 4 or GA4 is the latest version of Google Analytics.
Since it is the 4th version, it is called GA4.
Following are the other three versions:
The first version of Google Analytics (GA1) is the Classic Google
Analytics (ga.js JavaScript library).
The second version of Google Analytics (GA2) is the Universal Analytics
(analytics.js JavaScript library)
The third version of Google Analytics (GA3) is also Universal Analytics
but it uses the gtag.js JavaScript library.
Note: GA4 also uses the gtag.js library but uses a new measurement model
called 'Event+Parameter' model.
Introduction to GA4 property
In the past, if you wanted to measure your website usage data then you would
need to use the GA property meant for tracking website data.
If you want to measure your mobile app usage data then you would need to
use Google Analytics for Firebase or Google Analytics APP view (created via
separate GA property).
There was no easy way to combine mobile app and website usage data for
unified reporting and analysis.
However, this has all changed with the advent of GA4 property (formerly
known as ‘Apps and Web’ property).
Google Analytics allows you to integrate mobile app and website usage data
into a single GA Property.

This new property is called ‘Google Analytics 4 (or GA4)’. This property is
available in your GA account when you create a new property.
Even if you don’t have a mobile app, Google still recommends that you create
and use the GA4 property and run in parallel with your GA3 property as
eventually, Google will discontinue support for GA3 and other older GA
versions.
In case you don’t have a mobile app, your GA4 property can be used just to
measure your website performance.
However,
GA4 has not yet become a 100% replacement for your GA3 property. It
lacks robust ecommerce reporting and attribution modelling features.
So keep your GA3 tracking intact for as long as possible.
Note(1): The reporting view that you create in the GA4 property is called the
GA4 reporting view.
Note(2): You can create only one reporting view in a GA4 property.
FAQ: How do I transfer my Universal Analytics
(GA3) data into GA4?
Both GA3 and GA4 use different data schemas. Because of that, it is not
possible to transfer your GA3 data into your GA4 property.
But there is a workaround. You can transfer both your GA3 and GA4 data into
BigQuery and then manipulate it there.
GA4 provides a free connection to BigQuery but GA3 does not (unless you use
GA360).
With the help of a third-party solution/connector, it is possible to send data
from GA3 to BigQuery without using GA 360.

For step by step instructions, check out this article: Sending data from
Google Analytics to BigQuery without 360
FAQ: How do I save my Universal Analytics data
from being deleted?
As you know with the sunset of Universal Analytics next year, Google will most
likely delete all of your historical analytics data.
If you want to save your historical GA3 (Universal Analytics) data from being
deleted then import it into BigQuery.
By backfilling Google Analytics data in BigQuery, you can export historical data
into your BigQuery project.
‘Supermetrics for BigQuery’ connector allows you to backfill up to six months’
worth of data at one time.
If you want to backfill more data then you would need to do it in separate
batches of six months sized.
For step by step instructions, check out this article: How to backfill
Google Analytics data in BigQuery
Key differences between GA4 and GA3 (and
earlier versions)
#1 Reporting Interface

At first glance, the GA4 reporting view may look intimidating as many of the
reports and metrics that you have been familiar with are not there.
They have either been removed or replaced.
You are going to see different sets of reports in your GA4 view and you are not
going to see many reports.
This is because many of the reports are generated only when you start tracking
events.
The reporting interface of the GA4 view looks similar to that of Google
Analytics for firebase (because GA4 is built on firebase analytics).

But it is quite different from any GA3 reporting view.
#2 Measurement Model
GA3 (aka Universal Analytics') uses the measurement model which is based on
sessions and pageviews.
Whereas, GA4 uses the measurement model which is based on events and
parameters. In GA4 even a ‘pageview’ is considered an event.
#3 Tracking IDs
In order to set up any type of tracking in GA4 via GTM, we use the
measurement ID.
Whereas, in order to set up any type of tracking in GA3 via GTM, we use the
tracking ID:

If you have set up a GA4 property with a web data stream, then your
measurement ID begins with the characters ‘G-’.
For example G-SV0HS12BXZ
If you have set up a GA3 property then it uses the tracking ID (and not
measurement ID) and this tracking ID begins with characters ‘UA-‘.
For example UA-1509844-8
#4 Event Tracking set up
The events are tracked differently in GA4 than in GA3.
When you are using GA3, all the tracked events must follow the
category-action-label-value schema:

This is not the case with GA4 which provides a much more flexible event
tracking setup. In the case of GA4, additional information is supplied to an
event via parameters:
#5 Event Tracking Automation

A GA4 property has the 'enhanced measurement' feature built-in which allows
automatic tracking for certain types of events (like scroll tracking, video
tracking, exit tracking, site search tracking, etc) without any additional
coding/tagging.
This is something not possible with GA3.
#6 User and event data retention
Through the ‘User and event data retention’ feature, you can set the amount of
time for which Google Analytics retains user-specific data (i.e. data that is
associated with cookies, user identifiers, or advertising identifiers) for an
inactive website user, before automatically deleting it.
In the case of GA3, you can set the amount of time setting to 14 months, 26
months, 38 months, 50 months or ‘Do not automatically expire’:
But in the case of GA4, you can set the amount of time setting to either 2
months or 14 months.
There are no other options available:

#7 E-commerce Tracking
The e-commerce tracking capabilities provided by GA4 are still in their infancy.

They are nowhere as powerful as the e-commerce tracking capabilities
provided by GA3.
#8 Cross-device and cross-platform tracking
In the case of GA4, both the web and app data use the same schema.
Whereas in the case of GA3, this is not the case.
Because of this reason, GA4 provides much more robust and reliable
cross-device and cross-platform tracking than GA3.
#9 Attribution Modelling
GA3 provides powerful attribution modelling capabilities via multi-channel
funnels and attribution reports.
Such attribution modelling capabilities do not exist in GA4.
This is yet another powerful reason why GA4 is not yet ready for commercial
consumption.

#10 Custom dimensions
In GA4, custom dimensions are created differently than in GA3:
If you are using GA3, you can set/change the scope of your custom dimension
to ‘Hit’, ‘Session’, ‘User’ or ‘Product’.

There are no ‘Hit’ and ‘Session’ scopes in the case of GA4. It has been
replaced by the ‘event’ scope.
For now, you can not create a custom dimension with the ‘product’ scope in
GA4. You would need to use e-commerce parameters.
You can create a custom dimension in GA4 with either the ‘event’ scope or
‘user’ scope:
In GA4, the value of custom dimensions and custom metrics are supplied by
logged event parameters and user properties.
This is not the case with GA3.
#11 Custom metrics
In GA4, custom metrics are created differently than in GA3.

If you are using GA3, then you can set/change the scope of your custom metric
to ‘Hit’ or ‘Product’:
In the case of GA4, it is not possible to set/change the scope of your custom
metric. A GA4 custom metric has only one scope and that is ‘event’ scope.

#12 Debugging
The GA4 reporting view provides the debugView report through which you can
validate your analytics configuration from within the reporting interface:

This is impossible with a GA3 reporting view as there is no DebugView report
available.
#13 Engagement metrics
GA4 reporting view provides a new set of engagement metrics that can track
users’ engagement with your website/app much more accurately than the
pageviews and bounce rate metrics used by GA3.
Following are examples of GA4 engagement metrics:
1. Engaged Sessions
2. Engagement Rate
3. Engaged Sessions per User
4. Average Engagement Time
Note: There is no concept of bounce rate in GA4.
#14 IP Anonymization
Under GDPR, an IP address is considered personal data.

Google Analytics tracks and stores the IP addresses of your website users in
order to report on geolocation data.
However, GA does not report on IP addresses in its reports.
If your privacy policy or local privacy laws prevent the storage of full IP
addresses then you can use the IP anonymization feature to anonymize/mask
website visitors’ IPs.
When you anonymize visitor IP, the last three digits from your website
visitor’s IP address are automatically dropped/deleted.
In other words, the IP anonymization feature sets the last octet of IPv4 user IP
addresses and the last 80 bits of IPv6 addresses to zeros.
For example,
if a website visitor has a public IP of 12.214.31.144 then as soon as the IP data
is received by the Analytics Collection Network, Google will anonymize/mask
the IP to 12.214.31.0
If you are using the GA3 property then you have the option to enable or disable
IP anonymization:

The IP anonymization is disabled by default in GA3.
However,
If you are using a GA4 property then the IP anonymization feature is built-in,
is enabled by default and you can not disable it.
#15 Reporting views
If you are using GA3, you can create up to 25 reporting views per property. But
in the case of GA4, you can use only one reporting view.
Currently, there is no option to create additional views in the standard GA4
property.
However,
If you are using GA4 360, you can create replicate some of the functionality of
a reporting view by creating a new sub-property.
There are workarounds available for creating additional views in GA4 standard.

You can create new ‘Audiences’ or ‘Data Streams’ and use them in place of
filtered views.
#16 BigQuery
GA4 comes with a free connection to Big Query. So you can access the raw GA4
data and can run SQL queries on it.
This helps in more precise and multilevel data analysis of your users so that it is
easy to understand the user activities on the website.
GA3 does not come with a free connection to BigQuery (unless you are using
GA 360).
#17 Explorations Reports
The reporting view of a GA4 property comes with a new set of report
templates called ‘Explorations’ through which you can do advanced data
analysis:

Following are the various GA4 Exploration report templates:
1. Blank report
2. Free form report
3. Funnel exploration report
4. Path exploration report
5. Segment overlap report
6. User explorer report
7. Cohort exploration report
8. User lifetime report
You can see the full list of the GA4 exploration report templates by clicking on
the ‘Template Gallery‘ link:

In the case of GA3, only GA 360 customers can access the exploration reports.
How to create and use the GA4 property?
Follow the steps below to create and use the GA4 property:
Step-1: Navigate to the admin section of your reporting view in your GA
property:
Step-2: Click on the 'GA4 Setup Assistant' link under the 'Property' column:

Step-3: Click on the 'Get Started' button under the section 'I want to create a
new Google Analytics 4 property':
Step-4: Click on the 'Create Property' button:

Google Analytics will now automatically create the new GA4 property:
This new property will open up in a different browser tab and you will be
automatically redirected to it.
Your existing GA3 property will remain intact.
So now you have access to at least two GA properties. One is your existing GA3
property and the other one is your new GA4 property.
However, this new GA4 property will not automatically start collecting data.
You would need to configure your GTM so that the data starts following in your
new property.
Step-5: Click on the 'See your GA4 property' button:

You should now see a new tab opened up in your browser window with the
following similar screen:
Step-6: Click on the 'Tag Installation' button:

Step-7: Click on your web data stream:
Step-8: Click on 'Use existing on-page tag' under the section 'Tagging
Instructions':

Step-9: Click on the 'Google Tag Manager' drop-down menu:
You will now see the instructions for setting up a tag for tracking your website
data in the new GA4 property via GTM:

Step-10: Take a note of the measurement ID.
Step-11: Navigate to your GTM account and then click on the 'New Tag' link:
Step-12: Name your new tag something like G4 tracking - All pages and set the
tag type to 'Google Analytics: GA4 Configuration':

Step-13: Enter the measurement ID you recorded earlier in the 'Measurement
ID' text box:

Step-14: Set your trigger to fire on all pages:

Step-15: Click on the 'Save' button.
Step-16: Click on the 'Preview' button at the top right-hand side:
The tag manager preview mode window would open in a new browser tab. If it
doesn't then it means your browser is blocking the window.
Step-17: Enter your website URL and then click on the 'Start' button:

Once you click on the 'Start' button, one new tab will open up in your browser
window which shows your website.
Step-18: Switch back to the browser tab which shows your tag manager
preview mode window and then click on the 'Continue' button:
Step-19: If you see the tag G4 tracking - All pages under the Tags Fired section
then it means your tag is firing correctly:

Step-20: Navigate back to your GTM account and then click on the 'Submit'
button:
Step-21: Give your version a name and then click on the 'Publish' button:

Step-22: Navigate back to your website and visit a couple of pages.
Step-23: Navigate back to your GA4 property and then click on the cross button
next to 'Web stream details':
Step-24: Click on the 'Reports' icon from the left-hand side navigation:
Step-25: Click on the 'Realtime' report:

You should now be able to see new data flowing in your real-time report:

Note: When you create a new property from within an existing GA3 property,
the GA4 property is now the default option:

Note: Even after you have created your new GA4 property, you would continue
to see the 'GA4 Setup Assistant' option in your GA3 property:
However, when you again click on the 'GA4 Setup Assistant' link, you should
see the option to 'See your GA4 property' which confirms that you have
successfully set up the GA4 property and also connected it with your old GA3
property:

Google signals for GA4
Google Signals is an advertising reporting feature through which GA4 can
collect cross-device data from those website users who have signed in to one of
their Google accounts (Gmail, YouTube, etc) and have turned on ad
personalization.
When you activate Google Signals for your GA4 property, you can:
1. More accurately track users across different devices and platforms.
2. Remarket to more website users across devices.
3. Analyze users’ data by age, gender and interest.

Note: Google signals is not enabled by default in GA4.
To activate Google Signals for your GA4 property, follow the steps below:
Step-1: Navigate to the ‘Admin’ section of your GA4 property:

Step-2: Click on 'Data Settings' under the Property column:
Step-3: Click on 'Data Collection':

Step-4: Click on the 'Google Advertising Features Policy' link and then go
through the policy:
In Google's own words:

"By activating the Google Signals features, you acknowledge you adhere
to the Google Advertising Features Policy, including rules around
sensitive categories, have the necessary privacy disclosures and rights
from your end users for such association, and that such data may be
accessed and/or deleted by end users via My Activity"
If your company can not agree with the Google Advertising features policy then
you should not activate Google Signals.
Step-5: If you agree with the Google Advertising policy then click on the 'Get
Started' button:
Step-6: Click on the 'Continue' button:

Step-7: Click on the 'Activate' button:

You should now see a screen like the one below:
If in the future, you want to disable Google Signals then you should switch off
the setting 'Enable Google Signals data collection'.
Step-8: After 24 hrs have elapsed, navigate to the home page of your GA4
reporting view.
Step-9: Click on the 'Demographics' drop-down menu:

Step-10: Click on the 'Demographics Overview' link:

You should now see the 'Demographics overview' report.
If you can see users' data by gender, interest and age then it means, Google
Signals data has started flowing in your GA4 reports:

How to connect your GA4 property with Google
Ads?
Follow the steps below to connect your GA4 property with Google Ads:
Step-1: Make sure that you have the 'edit' permission on the GA4 property you
want to link to your Google Ads account(s).
Step-2: Make sure that you have the 'admin' access to the Google Ads
account(s) you want to link to your GA4 property.
Note: You can link all your GA4 properties to individual Google Ads account and
Google Ads Manager account as well. As far as limits are concerned you can
create up to 400 links per property.
Step-3: Navigate to your Google Analytics 4 property.
Step-4: Scroll down and then click on ‘Admin’
Step-5: Click on ‘Google Ads Linking’ under the ‘Property' column:

An overlay will appear like the one below:

Step-6: Click on the ‘Link’ button.
Step-7: Click on ‘Choose Google Ads Account’:
Step-8: Select one or more Google Ads account you want to link to your GA4
property and then click on the 'Confirm' button:

Note: You will see only those Google Ads accounts for which you have 'admin'
access.
Step-9: Click on the ‘Next’ button:
You should now see a screen like the one below:

At this point, you can disable 'Personalized Advertising' and 'Auto-Tagging'.
When you disable 'Personalized Advertising', GA4 audience list and
remarketing events/parameters will not be published to the linked
Google Ads account. When you disable 'Auto-Tagging', Google
Analytics will not automatically associate Google Ads data with
customer clicks.
To disable 'Personalized Advertising', click the toggle button to 'OFF':
To disable auto-tagging, click on the down arrow button:

Select the option 'Leave my auto-tagging settings as they are":
I like to keep both 'Personalized Advertising' and 'auto-tagging' enabled:

Step-10: Click on the 'Next' button.
Step-11: Review all of your configuration settings and then click on the ‘Submit’
button:

You should now see a notification like the one below which confirms that your
GA4 property is linked to your selected Google Ads account(s):

Note: It may take up to 24 hours for your Google Ads link to begin displaying
data.
GA4 Articles for further reading...
#1 Google Analytics 4 Intro
1. What is GA4 (Google Analytics 4) – The Apps + Web Property?
2. Key Benefits of Using Google Analytics 4 (GA4)
3. How to upgrade to GA4 (Google Analytics 4)
4. Google Analytics 4 (GA4) vs Universal Analytics – What is the
difference?
5. Google Signals GA4 – See demographics (gender, age) in Google
Analytics 4
6. Understanding Google Analytics Measurement ID (GA4)
7. Google Analytics 4 training & tutorial with FREE GA4 ebook
8. Using the GA4 (Google Analytics 4) Test Property
#2 Google Analytics 4 Integrations
1. How to connect GA4 (Google Analytics 4) with Google Data Studio
2. How to link GA4 (Google Analytics 4) with Google Ads
3. How to link Google Search Console to Google Analytics 4 (GA4)
4. How to Install Google Analytics 4 on Shopify

#3 Google Analytics 4 Events
1. GA4 (Google Analytics 4) Event Tracking Setup Tutorial
2. Understanding Event Parameters in Google Analytics 4 (GA4)
3. Recommended events in Google Analytics 4 (GA4)
4. Enhanced measurement events in Google Analytics 4 (GA4)
5. Automatically collected events in Google Analytics 4 (GA4)
6. How to set up GA4 Custom Events via Google Tag Manager
7. Events Report in Google Analytics 4 (GA4)
8. How to rename events in Google Analytics 4 (GA4)
9. How to use Google Analytics 4 Event Builder
#4 Google Analytics 4 Conversions
1. Google Analytics 4 Conversion Tracking Guide – GA4 Goals
2. How to import conversions from GA4 property to your Google Ads
account
#5 Google Analytics 4 Dimensions
1. GA4 (Google Analytics 4) Dimensions Tutorial
2. GA4 (Google Analytics 4) Custom Dimensions Tutorial
3. GA4 User Properties (User Scoped Custom Dimensions) – Tutorial
4. Event Scoped Custom Dimensions in GA4 – Tutorial

#6 Google Analytics 4 Metrics
1. GA4 (Google Analytics 4) Metrics Tutorial with Free Google Analytics 4
Ebook
2. GA4 (Google Analytics 4) Custom Metrics Tutorial
3. What are predictive metrics in Google Analytics 4 (GA4)
#7 Google Analytics 4 Ecommerce
1. GA4 (Google Analytics 4) Ecommerce Tracking via GTM – Tutorial
#8 Google Analytics 4 Specialized Tracking
1. GA4 (Google Analytics 4) Enhanced Measurement Tracking Tutorial
2. Cross Domain Tracking in GA4 (Google Analytics 4) Setup Guide
3. GA4 Site Search – Tracking Site Search in Google Analytics 4
4. GA4 (Google Analytics 4) Scroll Tracking Tutorial
5. Self-referral Google Analytics 4 – Referral exclusion GA4
6. GA4 (Google Analytics 4) Data Import Tutorial
7. Google Analytics 4 Content Grouping – Create Content Groups in GA4
8. How to track single-page apps in Google Analytics 4 (GA4)
#9 Google Analytics 4 filters
1. GA4 filters – Understanding data filters in Google Analytics 4

2. How to create and test filters in Google Analytics 4 (GA4)?
3. Exclude internal traffic in GA4 (Google Analytics 4) via IP filter
#10 Google Analytics 4 Explorations
1. Free Form Report in GA4 (Google Analytics 4) – Exploration Report
2. How to use the user lifetime report in Google Analytics 4 (GA4)
3. How to use Path exploration report in GA4 (Google Analytics 4) – Path
analysis
4. How to use Segment Overlap Report in Google Analytics 4 (GA4)
5. How to use the Funnel Exploration Report in Google Analytics 4 (GA4)
– Funnel Analysis
6. Cohort Exploration Report in Google Analytics 4 (GA4)
7. How to Create Landing Pages Report in Google Analytics 4 (GA4)
#11 Google Analytics 4 Advanced
1. Understanding Google Analytics 4 Sessions
2. GA4 (Google Analytics 4) Measurement Protocol Tutorial
3. How to build comparisons (advanced segments) in Google Analytics 4
(GA4)
4. Understanding Automated Insights in Google Analytics 4 (GA4)
5. Understanding Channel Groupings in Google Analytics 4 (GA4)
6. Understanding Data Sampling in Google Analytics 4 (GA4)

#12 Google Analytics 4 Reporting
1. How to create custom insights in Google Analytics 4 (GA4)
2. How to use Debug View report in Google Analytics 4 (GA4)
#13 Google Analytics 4 Attribution
1. Guide to Attribution Models in GA4 (Google Analytics 4)
2. How to Change Attribution Models in GA4 (Google Analytics 4)?
3. GA4 (Google Analytics 4) Conversion Paths Report in Attribution
4. GA4 (Google Analytics 4) Model comparison report in Attribution
5. Advertising Snapshot in GA4 (Google Analytics 4) Attribution
#14 Google Analytics 4 Audiences
1. GA4 Audiences – Creating custom audience in Google Analytics 4
2. How to create a remarketing audience in Google Analytics 4 (GA4)
3. Understanding Audience Triggers in Google Analytics 4 (GA4)
4. Google Analytics 4 (GA4) Predictive Audiences – Tutorial
#15 Google Analytics 4 BigQuery
1. GA4 BigQuery – Connect Google Analytics 4 with BigQuery
2. How to connect and export data from GA4 to BigQuery

3. events_ & events_intraday_ tables in BigQuery for GA4 (Google
Analytics 4)
You are doing Google Analytics all
wrong. Here is why...
I have dealt with hundreds of Google Analytics accounts in my career.
I have seen many issues, from incorrect tracking code, and selecting the wrong
KPIs, to analyzing data without using custom reports or advanced segments.
But do you know the biggest issue of all in Google Analytics?....
It is the “misinterpretation of analytics data”.
Many marketers make the mistake of crediting conversions to the wrong
marketing channel.
And they seem to be making this mistake over and over again.
They give the credit for conversions to the last touchpoint (campaign, ad,
search term...).
They can’t help themselves because they believe that the Google Analytics
reports are ‘what you see is what you get’.
But they are actually ‘what you interpret is what you get’.
This has resulted in marketers making wrong business decisions and losing
money.

All the data you see in Google Analytics reports today lies to
you unless you know exactly how to interpret it correctly.
For example, let's talk about direct traffic.
All untagged or incorrectly tagged marketing campaigns, from display ads to
emails, could be reported as direct traffic by Google.
Whenever a referrer is not passed, the traffic is reported as
direct traffic by Google.
Mobile applications don’t send a referrer. Word/PDF documents don’t send a
referrer.
‘302 redirects’ sometimes cause the referrer to be dropped. Sometimes
browsers don’t pass the referrer.
During an HTTP to HTTPS redirect (or vice versa), the referrer is not passed
because of security reasons.
All such traffic is reported as direct traffic by Google.
So on the surface, it may look like most people are visiting your website
directly, but this is not usually the case.
But this analysis does not end here because you are still not looking at the
complete picture.

People do not always access your website directly and then
make a purchase straight away.
They are generally exposed to multiple marketing channels (display ads, social
media, paid search, organic search, referral websites, email, etc.) before they
access your website directly.
Before they make a purchase.
So if you are unaware of the role played by prior marketing channels, you will
credit conversions to the wrong marketing channels.
Like in the present case, to direct traffic.
To get this type of understanding, you need to understand and implement web
analytics.
But you learn data analysis and data interpretation from web analytics and
not from Google Analytics.
The direction in which your analysis will move will determine the direction in
which your marketing campaigns will move.
You get that direction from ‘web analytics’ and not from ‘Google Analytics’.
Web/digital analytics is not about Google Analytics (GA) or
Google Tag Manager (GTM). It is about analyzing and
interpreting data, setting up goals, strategies and KPIs.
It’s about creating a strategic roadmap for your business.
That's why the knowledge of web/digital analytics is so important.

So what I have done is put together an ebook for you.
This ebook will teach you what digital analytics really is and how I have been
able to leverage it to generate floods of news sales and customers.
You can literally copy what I have done to get similar results.
You can download this ebook from here:
https://learn.optimizesmart.com/sales-roi-accelerator-ebook
I hope you find it helpful.
All the best,
Himanshu

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