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Gas Tester Training
The document outlines the importance and procedures for gas tester awareness training at Emarat, focusing on gas detection to protect lives, the environment, and infrastructure during construction work. It highlights the necessity of gas testing by trained individuals to ensure safety against toxic, explosive, or oxygen-deficient gas presence in various work scenarios, including confined spaces and areas with hydrocarbon risks. Additionally, it discusses the operation and calibration of multi gas detectors and the responsibilities of gas testers in conducting and recording gas tests.
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Gas Tester Training
- 1. WEL COME toEMARAT آمدید خوش स्वागतम Training Title: Gas Tester Awareness. Internal Awareness Training Trainer : Syed Neyaz Ahmad Scope: Construction of Utility Building & Miscellaneous Work At Emarat Jebel Ali Terminal
- 2. Main purpose ofgas detection •Protect human live • Prevent/minimize environmental pollution • Protect production • Protect infrastructure
- 3. Why do wetest need to test for gas? •Some of the gasses we work with can be very dangerous, •so we need to make sure the atmosphere is safe to work in before any work starts during the time the work is taking place.
- 4. Who can carryout gas testing? Only those people who have attended Authorized Gas Tester training can certify a gas test. There are THREE reasons why we do gas tests: 1. To make sure there are no toxic (poisonous) gasses present in the air, and that the atmosphere is safe to breath. 2. To make sure there is sufficient Oxygen in the air to support life. 3. To make sure there are no explosive gasses, and so minimize the possibility of an explosion happening.
- 5. What gases doesa 4 gas monitor detect? Using a 4 gas monitor can protect your workers in any environment by assessing the four main gases: 1. Oxygen (O2), 2. Carbon Monoxide (CO), 3. Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S), 4. Methane (CH4), or 5. other combustible gases you're checking for.
- 6. What is MultiGas Detector? Multi Gas Detectors and monitors are used for: • the detection of flammable gases, •oxygen depletion and • an extensive range of toxic gases •meeting the safety monitoring requirements of a broad range of different industries. •All gas detectors require regular calibration to ensure accuracy of the gas readings.
- 7. Where required gastesting •Excavation below 1.2 meters (also follow Confined Space Procedures OSHA standard 29 CFR 1910.146) •Ensure oxygen level 19.5 – 23.5% of volume (Trakhees Standard. CED-GS-09, Guidelines) •Any activity inside restricted area •Using of any power tools inside Terminal •Any hot work activity •Working in any Confined Space •Gas testing is Mandatory prior to work being undertaken in a process or hydrocarbon area that carries a risk to personnel or equipment from exposure to explosive, flammable, toxic or life threatening vapors.
- 8. What is Gas? •Thename gas comes from the word chaos •Gas is a swarm of molecules moving randomly and chaotically; constantly colliding with each other and anything else around it. •Gases fill any available volume and due to the very high speed at which they move will mix rapidly into any atmosphere in which they are released •Gases can be lighter, heavier or about the same density as air Gases can have an odor or be odorless Gases can have color or be colorless
- 9. The 3 typesof gas hazards 1. Flammable – Risk of fire and or explosion, e.g. • Methane, • Butane, • Propane 2. Toxic – Risk of poisoning, e.g. •Carbon Monoxide, •Hydrogen Sulfide, •Chlorine 3. Asphyxiant – Risk of suffocation, e.g. •Oxygen deficiency, •Nitrogen
- 10. Flammable Risk •This canbe demonstrated by taking the example of an original type car combustion engine • The spark plug supplies the ignition source, the fuel is compressed into a vapor and the choke adjusts the amount of oxygen available. • The engine will not run if there is no spark from the plug or if there is no fuel. • It will also not run if the air/fuel mixture controlled by the choke is either too lean or too rich •Petrol •LPG •Gas oil
- 12. Toxic Risks •Some gasesare poisonous and can be dangerous to life at very low concentrations. •Some toxic gases have strong smells like the distinctive ‘rotten eggs’ smell of H2S ! •Others are completely odorless like Carbon Monoxide A toxic gas that is a risk in the home is CO. CO is a product of the burning of the natural gas used in heating systems. Badly maintained hot water gas boilers can give of dangerous levels of CO.
- 13. Toxic gas limits& terminology •Time Weighted Average (TWA) – Toxic gas limits related to concentration & time •Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL) – The maximum allowable concentration over 15 minutes. •Long Term Exposure Limit (LTEL) – The maximum allowable concentration over an 8 hour period. •Units of measure – Parts per million (ppm) – Milligrams per cubic metre (mg/m 3 ) •Levels – COSHH – OSHA, NIOSH
- 14. Oxygen Enrichment •Oxygen enrichmentcan also cause a risk. • At increased O2 levels the flammability of materials and gases increases. •At levels of 24% items such as clothing can spontaneously combust. • Oxyacetylene welding equipment combines oxygen and acetylene gas to produce an extremely high temperature •Leaks from the O2 cylinders is the main hazard.
- 16. Asphyxiant (oxygen deficiency)Risk •We all need to breath the oxygen (O 2) in air to live. •Normal ambient air contains an oxygen concentration of 20.9% v/v. •When the oxygen level dips below 19.5% v/v, the air is considered oxygen-deficient. •Oxygen concentrations below 16% v/v are considered unsafe for humans.
- 17. Oxygen deficiency orenrichment hazards Q: Oxygen enrichment (too much oxygen in the air) is dangerous… why? •Fire starts much more easily in air with more than 23% oxygen •Adverse health effects •Oil in the presence of pure oxygen will self ignite •O2 enrichment gives no warning, tasteless, odorless, colorless •O2 enrichment, clothing & hair can easily catch fire •O2 enrichment, Textiles can burn fiercely •16 % oxygen. Impaired judgment and breathing •14% oxygen. Faulty judgment rapid fatigue •6% oxygen. Difficult breathing death in minutes •Auto ignition Temp of oxygen: 430°C
- 18. How to useMulti Gas detector Follow Display instruction: 1. ‘On’ the power supply 2. Wait for instruction 3. Close the inlet 4. Open the inlet 5. Showing all as below 6. Power off follow as per PTW instruction 7. Never missed the charging The term gas testing describes • The procedure for testing of toxic, • Oxygen deficiency / enrichment and •Flammable gases /vapors in the work area.
- 19. Gas Tester Responsibilities Ensuringgas testing equipment has been calibrated and is in reliable working condition prior to use. Conducting gas tests and recording the results as per the specified conditions of the work permit Ensuring that the Client are informed immediately in the case of abnormal gas test results, and the work shall be stopped.
- 21. Roles of GT? Themain aims of GT: THE GAS TESTER usually first on the scene He must take precautions Don’t neglect your personnel safety and therefore the safety of others who come after you whilst doing gas test GT: Must be aware of the gases that the instrument can detect Must also be aware of that the presence of other gases can adversely effect the readings When testing in an area it must be considered that gases may be stratified rather than uniformly mixed, spot checks must be carried out for precise readings.
- 22. Roles of GT?(Gas testing practices) GT: •Does test initially , upwind of the worksite and then around the minimum of 5 meter radius of the worksite. •All potential sources of release must be tested along with the risk spot •Conduct through gas testing at above head height and at floor level to ensure that gases of different relative densities have the best possible chance of being detected
- 23. Roles of GT?(Gas testing practices) Dealing with suspected leak: •GT must be aware that any suspected leak must be approached with extreme caution •Assessment must be made of the exact location, type of gas, the wind direction and the strength of the wind
- 24. Gas testing history 1.Canary in a cage 2. Flame safety lamp 3. Catalytic combustion sensor Portable gas monitors: Oxygen deficient less than 10% atmospheres may not indicate the true concentrations of combustible gas
- 25. Some information •Butane usein cigarette lighters •Propane use for cooking and heating pipes before welding commence. •Kerosene use for jet fuels •Detector keep 5 meters before the job upwind. •3 seconds per foot tube getting time in detect, target result e.g. 50 ft =2.5 minutes •No advantage use the tube •Measure 5 meters radius of worksite check. MLH •Every 6 months calibration •Turn off in 3 seconds
- 26. The respiratory system Theair we breathe is composed of a number of elements •Nitrogen 77.2 % •Oxygen 20.9 % •Argon 0.9 % •Water vapor 0.9 % •Carbon dioxide 0.03 % •Other gases 0.07 % When Inhale: Nitrogen (n2) 79% Oxygen (o2) 20 % Other gases – 1 % When Exhale: Carbon dioxide (co2) 4 % Nitrogen (n2) 79 % Oxygen (o2) 16 % Other gases 1 %