GE6757 - TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT
Download as PPTX, PDF13 likes7,648 views
This document provides an overview of topics related to Total Quality Management (TQM). It discusses the seven traditional tools of quality including check sheets, Pareto charts, flow charts, cause and effect diagrams, histograms, scatter diagrams and control charts. It also describes new management tools such as affinity diagrams, inter-relationship diagrams, tree diagrams, matrix diagrams and prioritization matrices. Additionally, it covers Six Sigma concepts and methodology, Six Sigma applications in manufacturing, the service sector and IT. Other topics include benchmarking and Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA).
GE6757 - TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT
- 1. -M.SENTHIL KUMAR, AP/CSE -III – CSE -VI – EVEN SEM (2015-16) GE6757 - TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT (Regulation 2013)
- 2. Subject Name: TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT Subject Code: GE67 57 Unit No: 3 Year: III Branch: CSE Faculty Name: M.SENTHIL KUMAR Topic No. Topic Name Sources *Mode of teaching Real life / Real time Application s Cumulative Period Chapter No Page No 17.1 The Seven Traditional Tools of Quality(Check sheet, Pareto Chart, Flow chart, Cause & Effect Diagram) W1 --- PPT Mercedes Benz 13 17.2 The Seven Traditional Tools of Quality(Histogram, Scatter Diagram, Control Chart) W1 --- PPT 14 18.1 New Management Tools (Affinity diagram, Inter- relationship diagram, Tree T1 443 PPT Ford Customer care 15TQM by ... M.Senthil Kumar 2
- 3. 18.2 New Management Tools (Prioritization matrices, PDPC, Arrow Diagram) T1 443 PPT Ford Customer care 16 19.1 Six Sigma – Concepts & Methodology T1 147 VIDE O Toyota and Honda 17 19.2 Six Sigma – Applications to manufacturing T1 149 VIDE O Toyota and Honda 18 20 Service Sector including IT T1 223 BB IBM’s - Service 19 21.1 Bench marking – Reason to bench mark T1 207 PPT Bell Telephone Laboratorie s 20 21.2 Bench marking – Benchmarking process T1 207 PPT 21 22.1 FMEA – Stages T1 377 BB IBM’s Customer Relationshi 22 TQM by ... M.Senthil Kumar 3
- 4. Unit – III Syllabus TQM by ... M.Senthil Kumar4 17. The Seven Traditional Tools of Quality 18. New Management Tools 19. Six Sigma – Concepts & Methodology Six Sigma – Applications to manufacturing 20. Service Sector including IT 21. Bench marking – Reason to bench mark
- 5. home
- 6. TQM by M.Senthil Kumar6 home The Seven Traditional Tools of Quality Check Sheet Pareto chart Flow chart Cause and Effect Diagram Histogram Scatter Diagram Control chart
- 7. TQM by ... M.Senthil Kumar • Check sheet is a Form/Document used to collect data in real time at the location where the data is generated. • Central tool for Quality Assurance programs. • Specially useful for operational procedures. • Could be derived from the flowchart and fishbone diagrams. 7 home Check Sheet
- 8. TQM by ... M.Senthil Kumar8 home
- 9. TQM by ... M.Senthil Kumar • A Pareto Chart is a type of chart that contains both bars and line graph, where individual values are represented in descending order by bars and the cumulative total represented by the line graph. • A graph to identify and plot problems /defects in descending order of frequency. • Principle of Pareto chart is: 80% of problems stem from 20% of the various causes. 9 home Pareto chart
- 10. TQM by ... M.Senthil Kumar 10 home
- 11. Flow Chart TQM by ... M.Senthil Kumar11 • A Flow Chart is a type of diagram that represents an algorithm, workflow (or) process, showing the steps as boxes of various kinds and their order by connecting them with arrows. • A Pictorial representation of describing a process used to plan stages of a project or program. home
- 12. TQM by ... M.Senthil Kumar12 home
- 13. TQM by ... M.Senthil Kumar • Also known as ISHIKAWA diagram and Fishbone diagram. • A diagram showing the cause of a certain event. (i.e.) used to identify potential factors causing an overall effect, also used to see all possible causes of a result and hopefully find the root causes of imperfection. • It is called as fish-bone diagram because its shape is similar to side view of a fish skeleton. 13 home Cause and Effect Diagram
- 14. TQM by ... M.Senthil Kumar 14 home
- 15. TQM by ... M.Senthil Kumar15 • It is a graphic summary of variation in a set of data and an estimate estimate of the probability distribution of a continuous variable (quantitative variable). • A One uses the graph to show frequency distributions. It looks very much like a bar chart. • Sometimes it is said to be derived from the Ancient Greek ἱστός (histos) – "anything set upright“ and γράμμα (gramma) – "drawing, record, writing". It is also said that Karl Pearson, who introduced the term in 1891, derived the name from "historical diagram". home Histogram
- 16. TQM by ... M.Senthil Kumar16 home
- 17. •A scatter diagram is effectively a line graph with no line - i.e. the point intersections between the two data sets are plotted but no attempt is made to physically draw a line. •A type of mathematical diagram using Cartesian coordinates to display values for typically two variables for a set of data. •Sometimes it is called as scatter plot or scatter graph. TQM by ... M.Senthil Kumar17 home Scatter Diagram
- 18. -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 0 2 4 6 8 ExampleofScatterdiagram Percentage of students attended special class Students Satisfaction Scores Satisfation score TQM by ... M.Senthil Kumar18 home
- 19. •Also called Shewhart charts or process- behavior charts, in statistical process control are tools used to determine if a manufacturing or business process is in a state of statistical control. •The control chart is a graph used to study how a process changes over time. Data are plotted in time order. •A control chart always has a central line for the average, an upper line for the upper control limit and a lower line for the lower control limit.TQM by ... M.Senthil Kumar19 home Control Chart
- 20. TQM by ... M.Senthil Kumar20 home
- 21. TQM by M.Senthil Kumar21 home The New Management Tools of Quality Affinity Diagram Inter-relationship diagram Tree Diagram Matrix diagrams Prioritization Matices PDPC Activity Network Diagram
- 22. home
- 23. Affinity Diagram •Also Called as affinity chart, K–J method Variation, thematic analysis. •An Affinity Diagram is a special type of brainstorming process that is used for organizing large groups of information into meaningful categories. It helps us to clarify and make sense of a large or complex problem . TQM by ... M.Senthil Kumar23 home
- 24. Gift for all Pen drive Stationary Items Sweet box TQM by ... M.Senthil Kumar24 Process Record each idea on cards or notes Look for ideas that seem to be related Sort cards into groups until all cards have been used. Tour to Ooty Enough Amount Celebration at Ooty New Year Celebration in SSCE home
- 25. Inter-Relationship Diagraph •Shows cause–and–effect relationships. The process of creating a relations diagram helps a group analyze the natural links between different aspects of a complex situation. •Also called Network diagram or relations diagram. TQM by ... M.Senthil Kumar25 home
- 26. TQM by ... M.Senthil Kumar26 home Example of Inter-relations diagram for identifying the potential causes of late delivery: • ‘Poor scheduling practices’ (6 outgoing arrows), • ‘Late order from customer’ (5 outgoing arrows), and
- 27. Tree Diagram TQM by ... M.Senthil Kumar27 home •Also called systematic diagram, tree analysis, analytical tree, hierarchy diagram. •Used to break down broad categories into finer and finer levels of detail. •It can map levels of detail of tasks that are required to accomplish a goal or task.
- 28. TQM by ... M.Senthil Kumar28 Process Develop a statement of the goal. Ask a question that will lead you to the next level of detail. Brainstorm all possible answers. Write each idea in a line below. Show links between the tiers with arrows. Do a “necessary and sufficient” check. Are all the items at this level necessary for the one on the level above? Each of the new idea statements now becomes the subject: a goal, objective or problem statement. Continue to turn each new idea into a subject statement and ask the question, till you reach a root cause. Do a “necessary and sufficient” check of the entire diagram. Are all the items necessary for the objective? home
- 29. TQM by ... M.Senthil Kumar29 Enter a shop Vanilla Nuts Sprinkles Straw Berry Nuts Sprinkles Chocalate Nuts Sprinkles home Goal/Objective is to eat ice-cream with toppings Statement of the goal Subject of the Goal
- 30. Matrix Diagram •This tool shows the relationship between items. At each intersection a relationship is either absent or present. It then gives information about the relationship, such as its strength, the roles played by various individuals or measurements. •Shows the relationship between two, three or four groups of information. • The most common type in matrix diagram for using 7 management tools in planning is L-Shaped matrix. •L-shaped matrix is for 2-variables. TQM by ... M.Senthil Kumar30 home
- 31. L-shaped 2 groups A<->B (or A<->A) T-shaped 3 groups B <->A<->C but not B<->C Y-shaped 3 groups A<->B<->C<->A C-shaped 3 groups All three simultaneously (3-D) X-shaped 4 groups A <-> B <-> C <-> D <-> A but not A <-> C or B <->D Roof- shaped 1 group A <-> A when also A <-> B in L or TTQM by ... M.Senthil Kumar 31 Six Different shaped Matrices are: home
- 32. Customer A Customer B Customer C Requirement 1 ♣ √ ♣ Requirement 2 √ ♣ ♣ Requirement 3 ♣ √ √ Example for L-Shaped matrix TQM by ... M.Senthil Kumar32 home
- 33. Prioritization Matrices TQM by ... M.Senthil Kumar33 This tool is used to prioritize items and describe them in terms of weighted criteria. It uses a combination of tree and matrix diagramming techniques to do a pair-wise evaluation of items and to narrow down options to the most desired or most effective. This tools prioritize issues, tasks, characteristics based on weighted criteria using a combination of tree and matrix diagram techniques. Once prioritized, effective decisions can be made. home
- 34. Year Single arrear Two Arrear Three Arrear Total IV CSE 18 10 12 40 III CSE 8 6 4 18 II CSE 6 4 2 12 Result analysis for the Dept of CSE TQM by ... M.Senthil Kumar34 home
- 35. PDPC – Process Decision Program Chart TQM by ... M.Senthil Kumar 35 A useful way of planning is to break down tasks into a hierarchy, using a Tree Diagram. The PDPC extends the tree diagram a couple of levels to identify risks and countermeasures for the bottom level tasks. Different shaped boxes are used to highlight risks and identify possible countermeasures. The PDPC is similar to the Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) in that both identify risks, consequences of failure, and contingency actions; the FMEA also rates relative risk levels for each potential failure point. • identifying what can go wrong (failure mode or risks) • consequences of that failure (effect or consequence) • possible countermeasures (risk mitigation action plan) home
- 36. TQM by ... M.Senthil Kumar36 home What if? Objective Plan symposium Presentatio n Speakers Late Have a Substitute Audio/Video Fails Have Back up Use AV - Person Registratio n
- 37. Activity Network Diagram TQM by ... M.Senthil Kumar37 Also called as Arrow diagram, network diagram, activity chart, node diagram, CPM (critical path method) chart. This tool is used to plan the appropriate sequence or schedule for a set of tasks and related subtasks. It is used when subtasks must occur in parallel. Shows the required order of tasks in a project or process, the best schedule for the entire project, and potential scheduling and resource pro Two Types • Arrow on Node. • Arrow on Arrow. home
- 38. TQM by ... M.Senthil Kumar38 home Eg: showing the project turn-over in an organization
- 39. TQM by ... M.Senthil Kumar 39 Set of techniques and tools for continuous process improvement. Statistically oriented approach to process improvement, designed to reach a quality level of less than 3.4 Defects Per Million Opportunities (DPMO) for Critical-To-Quality (CTQ) characteristics in a manufacturing or service process. Data-driven approach and methodology for eliminating defects (driving toward six standard deviations between the mean and the nearest specification limit) in any process – from manufacturing to transactional and from product to service. home SIX SIGMA (Ϭ)
- 40. TQM by ... M.Senthil Kumar40 What is Six Sigma? Types of Six Sigma Lean Six Sigma. home