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![Hashes don't flatten
my %a = ( 'a' .. 'e' );
my @b = %a;
my @c = ( 'a' .. 'e' );
+> dd %a, @b, @c
Hash %a = {:a("b"), :c("d")}
Array @b = [:a("b"), :c("d")]
Array @c = ["a", "b", "c", "d", “e”]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/testy-perl6-160622204200/75/Getting-Testy-With-Perl6-30-2048.jpg)
![Hashes don't flatten
my %a = ( 'a' .. 'e' );
my @b = %a;
my @c = ( 'a' .. 'e' );
+> dd %a, @b, @c
Hash %a = {:a("b"), :c("d")}
Array @b = [:a("b"), :c("d")]
Array @c = ["a", "b", "c", "d", “e”]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/testy-perl6-160622204200/75/Getting-Testy-With-Perl6-31-2048.jpg)
![Bags are immutable
> my @a = ( 'a', 'b', 'b', 'c', 'c', 'c' );
[a b b c c c]
> my $b = @a.Bag;
bag(a, c(3), b(2))
> my $c = @a.Bag;
bag(a, c(3), b(2))](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/testy-perl6-160622204200/75/Getting-Testy-With-Perl6-33-2048.jpg)
Uploaded byWorkhorse Computing
Getting Testy With Perl6
The document provides guidance on testing in Perl6, emphasizing differences from Perl5, including module usage and syntax changes. It covers key features such as type comparison, identity versus value comparisons, and the handling of immutable objects. It concludes with recommendations for testing practices and highlights the importance of precise typing in Perl6 coding.
More Related Content
Getting Testy With Perl6
- 1.
- 2. Helpful items $ panda installp6doc; http://doc.perl6.org/ # doc for testing: /language/testing
- 3. Helpful items $ panda installp6doc; http://doc.perl6.org/ # doc for testing: /language/testing
- 4.
- 5. Viewing source To see the source of a module: panda look <modulename>; This will fetch the module (even if it is installed).
- 6.
- 7. What you are used to Test::More ok() use v5.22; use Test::More; my$x = '0'; my $y = 'asdf'; ok $x == $y, "$x == $y"; done_testing;
- 8. What you are used to Zero equals zero. $ prove -vPerl5.t; Perl5 .. ok 1 - 0 == asdf 1..1 ok All tests successful. Files=1, Tests=1, ... Result: PASS
- 9. Doing it in Perl6 Module is “Test” use v6; use Test; my$x = '0'; my $y = 'asdf'; ok $x == $y, "$x == $y"; done-testing;
- 10. Doing it in Perl6 Notice the dash! use v6; use Test; my$x = '0'; my $y = 'asdf'; ok $x == $y, "$x == $y"; done-testing;
- 11. Prove is still prove Execute “perl6”. $ prove -v--exec perl6; $ prove -v -e perl6 t/Perl6.t; $ prove -v -e /opt/bin/perl6;
- 12. Not quite zero: t/Perl6.t .. Cannotconvert string to number: base-10 number must begin with valid digits or '.' in 'âasdf' (indicated by â) in block <unit> at t/Perl6.t line 7 Actually thrown at: in block <unit> at t/Perl6.t line 7
- 13. Lesson 1: Typing matters in Perl6 is() handles strings, types. use v6; use Test; my$x = '0'; my $y = 'asdf'; is $x, $y, "$x eq $y"; done-testing;
- 14. Lesson 1: Typing matters in Perl6 Nice messages. t/Perl6.t .. not ok1 - 0 == asdf # Failed test '0 eq asdf' # at t/Perl6.t line 7 # expected: 'asdf' # got: '0' 1..1 # Looks like you failed 1 test of 1 Dubious, test returned 1 (wstat 256, 0x100) Failed 1/1 subtests
- 15. Comparing types WHAT returns a type. use v6; use Test; my$x = 0; is $x.WHAT, Int, "$x is Int"; done-testing;
- 16. Comparing types WHAT returns a type. Int is an object, not a string. use v6; use Test; my$x = 0; is $x.WHAT, Int, "$x is Int"; done-testing;
- 17. Comparing types WHAT returns a type. Int is an object, not a string. use v6; use Test; my$x = 0; is $x.WHAT, Int, "$x is Int"; done-testing;
- 18. Comparing types WHAT returns a type. $ prove -v-e perl6 t/Perl6.t t/Perl6.t .. ok 1 - 0 is Int 1..1 ok All tests successful.
- 19. Comparing objects WHICH identifies an object. use v6; use Test; my$x = 0; is $x.WHAT, Int, "$x is Int"; note '$x is ' ~ $x.WHICH; done-testing;
- 20. Comparing objects No '#' before notes. $ prove -v-e perl6 t/Perl6.t t/Perl6.t .. ok 1 - 0 is Int 1..1 $x is Int|0 ok
- 21. REPL Worth using to view results, contents. $ perl6 To exittype 'exit' or '^D' You may want to `panda install Readline` or `panda install Linenoise` or use rlwrap for a line editor
- 22.
- 23. Viewing contents > %a =( 'a' .. 'e' ); Odd number of elements found where hash initializer expected in block <unit> at <unknown file> line 1 > %a.gist; {a => b, c => d} # human-readable, no 'e'! > %a.perl; {:a("b"), :c("d")} # round-trip form > dd %a; Hash %a = {:a("b"), :c("d")}
- 24.
- 25. Assigning objects: new copy Identical contents match as strings & numbers. +> my %a= ( 'a' .. 'd' ); {a => b, c => d} +> my %b = %a; {a => b, c => d} +> ok %a == %b; ok 1 - +> ok %a eq %b; ok 2 - +> is %a, %b; ok 3 -
- 26. Assigning objects: new copy They are different objects. “===” is identity comparison +> ok %a=== %b; not ok 4 - # Failed test at <unknown file> line 1 +> %a.WHICH, %b.WHICH; (Hash|88201392 Hash|88204032)
- 27.
- 28.
- 29.
- 30. Hashes don't flatten my %a =( 'a' .. 'e' ); my @b = %a; my @c = ( 'a' .. 'e' ); +> dd %a, @b, @c Hash %a = {:a("b"), :c("d")} Array @b = [:a("b"), :c("d")] Array @c = ["a", "b", "c", "d", “e”]
- 31. Hashes don't flatten my %a =( 'a' .. 'e' ); my @b = %a; my @c = ( 'a' .. 'e' ); +> dd %a, @b, @c Hash %a = {:a("b"), :c("d")} Array @b = [:a("b"), :c("d")] Array @c = ["a", "b", "c", "d", “e”]
- 32.
- 33. Bags are immutable > my @a= ( 'a', 'b', 'b', 'c', 'c', 'c' ); [a b b c c c] > my $b = @a.Bag; bag(a, c(3), b(2)) > my $c = @a.Bag; bag(a, c(3), b(2))
- 34. They have a common WHICH > @a.WHICH; Array|162386224 > $b.WHICH; Bag|Str|a(1)Str|b(2) Str|c(3) > $c.WHICH; Bag|Str|a(1) Str|b(2) Str|c(3)
- 35. Equal identity, different address > $b ===$c # matching contents True > $b =:= $c # different objects False
- 36. Have it your way “eqv” used to compare objects. This is an operator: multi infix: <eqv>( Foo $x, Bar $y ) Classes can supply their own. Tests can override them.
- 37. Multimethods allow various comparisions Compare to an Int: multi infix: <eqv> (MyClass $a, Int $b ) { ... } Compare undefined value: multi infix: <eqv> (MyClass:U $a, Mu $b) { fail “Undefined MyClass Object” }
- 38. cmpok tests eqv implementation Isdeeply uses its own eqv. cmpok uses yours: cmp-ok $found, 'eqv',$expect; cmp-ok $found, 'oneshot', $expect;
- 39.
- 40. isapprox Absolute, relative tolerance to expect. Uses eqv, requires same types. Really nice for geocoding, physical data: my $abs-tol =0.0005; is-approx $lat, $exp, :$abs-tol;
- 41.
- 42.