Ghs revision training un manual 6 training update

GHS Revision Training
Based upon UN Manual #6
Same program with a NEW
Category ADDED July 2015
P bar Y Safety Consultants Alberta Canada

Hazard Communication and Globally
Harmonized System (GHS)
• The GHS is an acronym for the Globally
Harmonized System of Classification and
Labeling of Chemicals.
• The elements in the GHS meet the basic
requirement of any hazard communication
system, which is to decide if the chemical
product produced and/or supplied is
hazardous and to prepare a label and/or
Safety Data Sheet (SDS) as appropriate.

20
Chemicals are all
around us every day
Chemicals can be:
o Corrosive
o Reactive
o Flammable
o Explosive
o Oxidizing
o Inert

PPT-016-04 21
In many cases, the chemicals you may deal with
at work are no more dangerous than those you
use at home
But in the workplace exposure may be greater,
concentrations higher, exposure time longer:
potential danger could be greater on the job

In simple terms

MORE DATA TO LEARN
• (GHS)", addresses classification of chemicals by types of hazard and
proposes harmonized hazard communication elements, including labels
and safety data sheets. It aims at ensuring that information on physical
hazards and toxicity from chemicals be available in order to enhance the
protection of human health and the environment during the handling,
transport and use of these chemicals. The GHS also provides a basis for
harmonization of rules and regulations on chemicals at national, regional
and worldwide level, an important factor also for trade facilitation.
• GHS Rev.6 (2015) : includes, inter alia, a new hazard class for desensitized
explosives and a new hazard category for pyrophoric gases; miscellaneous
provisions intended to clarify the criteria for some hazard classes
(explosives, specific target organ toxicity following single exposure,
aspiration hazard and hazardous to the aquatic environment); additional
information to be included in the Safety Data Sheets (section 9); revised
and further rationalized precautionary statements and a new example in
Annex 7 addressing labelling of small packagings.
• http://www.unece.org/trans/danger/publi/ghs/ghs_rev05/05files_c.html

Six of the changes are to Revision 6
are as follows:
• Desensitized Explosives. A new hazard class for Revision 6 which carries the definition of “solid or liquid explosive
substances or mixtures which are phlegmatized to suppress their explosive properties in such a manner that they do not
mass explode and do not burn too rapidly and therefore may be exempted from the hazard class “Explosives” (see Chapter
2.1; see also Note 2 to paragraph 2.1.2.2).” This new class will have four categories and include its own label elements, H
phrases and P phrases.
• Pyrophoric Gases. Chapter 2.2 entitled “Flammable Gases (Including Chemically Unstable Gases) is changing to “Flammable
Gases”. While the title change is not necessarily newsworthy, the inclusion of the hazard class pyrophoric gases” is. This
hazard class now comes with a standardized criteria, label elements and H/P phrases.
• Section 9 Restructure. In Chapter 1.5 for Table 1.5.2, there is a new order format for Section 9’s Physical and Chemical
Properties.
• The re-formatting “NOTE: The order of the physical and chemical properties presented in Section 9 may be followed on the
SDS as shown in this table, but is not mandatory. The competent authority may decide to prescribe an order for Section 9 of
the SDS, or they may leave it to the preparer of the SDS to re-order the properties, if deemed appropriate.”
• On the surface these seems to be a simple change in the order the order of properties which does not have to be followed.
However, upon a closer inspection of Annex 4: Guidance on The Preparation of Safety Data Sheets, the real impact is seen.
There are now THREE tables to consider.
• STOT SE Cat 3 Refinement. For many this category in regards to mixtures can be perplexing and to some – vague. When
Revision 6 is published, a lone paragraph which further refines the extrapolation of the toxicity of the mixture, cut-off
values/concentrations and “relevant ingredients” could help clarify many questions.
• Aspiration Category Revisions. Another Health Hazard that can be a challenge is the Aspiration Hazard especially in
instances where classification of mixture is needed. Revision 6 completely revises Category 1 and Category 2 with the
addition of “relevant ingredients” and the sum of ingredient concentrations. There is a paragraph now for the use of expert
judgment and a revision to the “distinct layers” classification.
• Aquatic Toxicity M Factor adjustments. The use of M factors for Aquatic Toxicity also sees adjustment in Revision 6. In
particular, the phrase “multiplied by their corresponding M factors” is now part of classification for Acute categories 1, 2
and 3. Those simple words could have far-reaching impacts when put to use.

17 not 16
• A new hazard class will be introduced: Desensitized explosives(in 4 sub-
categories); there will be 17 physical hazard classes in GHS Revision 6;
• A sub-hazard category will be introduced for flammable gases:
Pyrophoric gas;
• New hazard statements and precautionary statements have been
assigned for the new hazard class and hazard category (please refer to
the picture below);
• A new example is given for the GHS labelling of small packages.
• For a hazardous chemical classified with multiple hazards, it is very
important that we use prioritized GHS pictogram, signal word or hazard
statements to communicate the most significant hazards first. In this
article, we have summarized main GHS precedence rules for pictogram,
signal word, hazard statement and precautionary statements. We hope
that you find this article helpful.

Tiered Approach to Classification
Generally use test data for the mixture, when available
Use bridging principles, if applicable
For health and environmental hazards, estimate hazards
based on the known ingredient information

Physical Hazards
Explosives
Flammability – gases, aerosols, liquids, solids
Oxidizers – liquid, solid, gases
Self-Reactive
Pyrophoric – liquids, solids
Self-Heating
Organic Peroxides
Corrosive to Metals
Gases Under Pressure
Water-Activated Flammable Gases

Key Label Elements
Product identifier
Supplier identifier
Chemical identity
Hazard pictograms*
Signal words*
Hazard statements*
Precautionary information
*Standardized

Pictogram Shape and Colour
For transport, pictograms will have the
background and symbol colours currently used.
For other sectors, pictograms will have a black
symbol on a white background with a red
diamond frame. A black frame may be used for
shipments within one country.
Where a transport pictogram appears, the GHS
pictogram for the same hazard should not
appear.

Transport Pictograms

GHS Pictograms
!

Precedence Rules for GHS Pictograms
• For physical hazards, the pictograms (labels) prescribed by the UN Model Regulations on the
Transport of Dangerous Goods (TDG) should be used. If a transport pictogram appears on the
package, the GHS pictogram for the same hazard should not appear.
• For health hazards: Exclamation mark should not appear if:
• if skull and crossbones applies; or ;
• if used for skin sensitization or skin/eye irritation;
– If corrosive pictogram applies; or
– If the health hazard pictogram appears for respiratory sensitization.
• The picture below summarizes GHS pictogram precedence.
Precedence for Signal Words
• If "Danger" is used, "warning" should not appear. Only one of them needs to appear on a label.
Precedence Rules for Hazard Statement
• All hazard statements should appear on a GHS label, except those as specified below:
• If H410 "Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects" is assigned, H400 "Very toxic to aquatic
life" may be omitted;
• If H411 "Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects" is assigned, H401 "Toxic to aquatic life" may
be omitted;
• If H412 "Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects" is assigned, H402 "Harmful to aquatic life"
may be omitted;
• If H314 "Causes severe skin burns and eye damage" is assigned, H318 "Causes serious eye damage"
may be omitted;

The Scope of the GHS
• Covers all hazardous chemical substances, dilute
solutions, and mixtures.
• Pharmaceuticals, food additives, cosmetics and
pesticide residues in food will not be covered at the
point of consumer/end user, but will be covered
where workers may be exposed (such as the
manufacturing of food and pharmaceuticals), and in
transport.

What are GHS Hazards?
The categories of hazards are:
Physical
Health
Environmental (non-mandatory)
Hazards not Otherwise Classified (HNOC) by GHS
are required to be included on SDS (section 2) and
will be addressed in employee training.P bar Y Safety Consultants Alberta Canada

GHS Physical Hazards
• Explosives
• Flammable Gases
• Flammable Aerosols
• Oxidizing Gases
• Gases Under Pressure
Physical Hazards
• Flammable Liquids
• Flammable Solids
• Self-Reactive Substances
• Pyrophoric Liquids
Continued

GHS Physical Hazards
• Oxidizing Liquids
• Oxidizing Solids
• Organic Peroxides
• Corrosive to Metals
Physical Hazards
• Pyrophoric Solids
• Self-Heating Substances
• Substances which, in
contact with water, emit
flammable gases
Continued

GHS Health Hazards
• Acute Toxicity
• Skin Corrosion/Irritation
• Serious Eye Damage/Eye Irritation
• Respiratory or Skin Sensitization
• Germ Cell Mutagenicity
• Carcinogenicity
Health Hazards
Continued

GHS Health Hazards
• Reproductive Toxicology
• Target Organ Systemic Toxicity – Single Exposure
• Target Organ Systemic Toxicity – Repeated Exposure
• Aspiration Toxicity
Health Hazards
Continued

GHS Environmental Hazards
Hazardous to the Aquatic Environment
• Acute aquatic toxicity
• Chronic aquatic toxicity
Bioaccumulation potential
Rapid degradability
Environmental Hazards
**New in the USA not Canada**

Role of the SDS in the GHS
• The SDS* provides comprehensive information about a
chemical substance or mixture.
• Primary Use: The Workplace
• Employers and workers use the SDS as a source of
information about hazards and to obtain advice on
safety precautions.
• The SDS format will make finding hazard and chemical
information easier.
*SDS—Formerly known as Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)

Is there a specific GHS label format / layout?
• The actual label format or layout is not specified in the
GHS.
• However, there are required label elements.
Labeling

Label Elements
Product identifier
Supplier identifier
Chemical identity
Hazard pictograms*
Signal words*
Hazard statements*
Precautionary information
*These three elements, on all hazard warnings, are
required to be located together on the label

The standardized label elements included in
the GHS are:
• Signal Words
• Hazard Statements
• Symbols (hazard pictograms)
Labeling

Signal Words
“Danger” or “Warning”
Used to emphasize hazards and indicate relative level
of severity of the hazard assigned to a GHS hazard
class and category

Hazard Statements
• Include appropriate statement for each GHS hazard on
labels for products possessing more than one hazard.
• Examples of required hazard statements:
“Keep away from fire, sparks and heated surfaces”
“Do not use in areas without adequate ventilation”
“Use CO2, dry chemical, or foam” (for fighting fires)
“Wear safety goggles and gloves”

Pictograms
Have been standardized to convey health, physical
and environmental hazard information, assigned to a
GHS hazard class and category

Pictograms are required in the revised Hazard
Communication Standard. The nine pictograms
above are standardized.
Pictograms

Exclamation Mark
•Irritant (skin and eye)
•Skin Sensitizer
•Acute Toxicity (harmful)
•Narcotic Effects
•Respiratory Tract Irritant
•Hazardous to Ozone
Layer (Non-Mandatory)

Health Hazard
• Carcinogen
• Mutagenicity
• Reproductive Toxicity
• Respiratory Sensitizer
• Target Organ Toxicity
• Aspiration ToxicityP bar Y Safety Consultants Alberta Canada

Flame
• Flammables
• Pyrophorics
• Self-Heating
• Emits Flammable Gas
• Self-Reactives
• Organic Peroxides

Gas Cylinder
•Gases under Pressure

Corrosion
•Skin Corrosion/
burns
•Eye Damage
•Corrosive to Metals

Exploding Bomb
•Explosives
•Self-Reactives
•Organic Peroxides

Flame over Circle
• Oxidizers

Skull and Crossbones
•Acute Toxicity (fatal or toxic)

Environment (Non-Mandatory)
•Aquatic Toxicity

Label Example
Xyz Chemical Co.
Warning
Flammable Liquid and Vapor
Harmful if Swallowed
May Cause Damage to Organs (Liver)
May Cause Damage to Organs through prolonged or repeated exposure (Heart)
First Aid
If swallowed
If on skin

Workplace labeling
• Same workplace –specific labeling.
• Make sure the labeling system is updated to
be consistent with the new classifications.
• NFPA/HMIS Systems - NO
– (rating systems v. classification)

Secondary labeling
• Employers have more flexibility. The basic requirement for workplace labeling is as
follows:
• “the final rule retains the flexibility by indicating that the employer can choose to
label workplace containers either with the same label that would be on shipped
containers for the chemical under the revised rule, or with label alternatives that
meet the requirements for the standard.”
• “Product identifier and words, pictures, symbols, or combination thereof, which, in
conjunction with the other information immediately available to the employee
under the HC program, will provide employees with the specific information
regarding the physical and health hazards of the hazardous chemical.”

Appendix A – Class w/category
ACUTE ORAL TOXICITY - Class
Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4 Category 5
LD50 £ 5 mg/kg > 5 < 50 mg/kg ³ 50 < 300
mg/kg
³ 300 < 2000
mg/kg
³ 2000 < 5000
mg/kg
Pictogram No symbol
Signal word Danger Danger Danger Warning Warning
Hazard
statement
Fatal if
swallowed
Fatal if
swallowed
Toxic if
swallowed
Harmful if
swallowed
May be harmful
if swallowed

Physical Hazards
Definition, test methods and classification
Used criteria for transport as basis for the
work since they were already harmonized

Physical Hazards
Explosives class with categories 1.1-1.6
Flammability – gases, aerosols, liquids, solids
Oxidizers – liquid, solid, gases
Self-Reactive
Pyrophoric – liquids, solids
Self-Heating
Organic Peroxides
Corrosive to Metals
Gases Under Pressure
Water-Activated Flammable Gases

Labels
• Standardization for all labels
• Reprocess of all labels in transit
• Enhance communication
– Standard pictograms
– Signal words (Danger or Warning)
– Hazard statements
– Precautionary statements

Precautionary Information
Include appropriate precautionary information
Examples of precautionary statements are
provided
Intent is to harmonize
Prevention Response Storage

Precautionary Statements and
Pictograms: Measures to
minimize or prevent adverse
effects.

Product Identifier (ingredient
disclosure): Name or number
used for a hazardous product
on a label or in the SDS.

Supplier identification: The
name, address and telephone
number should be provided on
the label.

Supplemental information:
non-harmonized information

HCS Key Revisions also Include
PPT-016-04 11
• Disclosure of PELs and voluntary threshold limit values (TLVs)
established by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial
Hygienists (ACGIH)
• Disclosure of carcinogen status from nationally and internationally
recognized lists of carcinogens
• Inclusion of combustible dust in the definition of “hazardous
chemical” covered on labels and SDS
• Workers be re-trained within 2 years of the publication of the final
rule
• Mixtures (GHS)
o Health hazards can be based on data for mixture
o If no data, extrapolate from ingredient data or other similar mixtures
to classify

PPT-016-04 13
OH&S label elements for:
Pyrophoric Gases:
-Signal Word: Danger
-Hazard Statement: “Catches fire spontaneously if
exposed to air”
Simple Asphyxiants:
-Signal Word: Warning
-Hazard Statement: “May displace oxygen and cause
rapid suffocation”
Combustible Dusts:
-Signal Word: Warning
-Hazard Statement: “May form combustible dust
concentrations in the air”

Hazard Classification
PPT-016-04 18
• GHS has specific criteria for each health and
physical hazard
• Detailed instructions for hazard evaluation and
determinations whether mixtures of the substance
are covered
• A and B (mandatory): Classification guidance for
health hazards and physical hazards
• Test-method neutral (person classifying a chemical
or substance should use available data and no
additional testing is required to classify a chemical)

Routes of Occupational Exposure
PPT-016-04 22
Inhalation - nearly all materials that are airborne
can be inhaled
Skin Absorption - skin contact with a substance
can result in a possible reaction
Ingestion - most workers do not deliberately
swallow materials they handle
Injection – normally associated with bloodborne
pathogens
Ocular - absorbed through the eyes

Health Hazard
PPT-016-04 26
Health hazard - Occurs when a chemical
produces an acute or chronic health effect on
exposed employees

Acute Health Effects
PPT-016-04 27
• Happen quickly
• High, brief exposure
• Examples:
o Carbon monoxide
poisoning
o Cyanide inhalation
o Hydrogen sulfide
inhalation

Chronic Health Effects
PPT-016-04 28
• May be caused by chemical exposures that do
not cause immediate, obvious harm or make
you feel sick right away
• May not see, feel, or smell the danger
• Effects are long, continuous and follow
repeated long-term exposure; e.g.:
o Lung cancer from cigarette smoking
o Black lung from coal mine dust

Label Information
PPT-016-04 32
Chemical manufacturers and importers must
provide a label that includes:
• Harmonized signal word
• Pictogram
• Hazard statement for each hazard class
and category
• Precautionary statements must also be
provided as well as product identifier and
supplier information

PPT-016-04 56
UN regulations:
This symbol affixed to
packaging on a
background of
contrasting color
Only UN transport
markings and labels are
required for outer
packaging

PPT-016-04 63
• Reactions with other chemicals
• Physical appearance
• Date of preparation
• Plus:
o How to put out a fire caused by a
chemical
o How to handle spills
o How to prevent dangerous exposures

Where are your SDSs?
PPT-016-04 64
SDSs:
• Must be readily accessible
to employees during their
work shift
• Are typically kept in a
centralized location
• Must be updated as new
information becomes
available

Now that You’ve Been Through the Presentation:
PPT-016-04 95
Large
containers
balanced
on edge of
shelf- not
safe
If chemical,
coffee can is
not proper
type of
storage
container
Do you see any problems here?
Maybe improperly labeled container- what’s in the coffee can?
Coffee not allowed with chemicals; if chemical, not labeled properly

Ghs revision training un manual 6 training update

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Ghs revision training un manual 6 training update