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Global climate change
Global climate change poses several risks to human health according to the document. The main health risks include increased deaths from heat waves and extreme weather, as well as increased risks from infectious diseases. Previous actions to address these health impacts have included efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and adapt to climate change. Further actions are needed from doctors and health professionals to help reduce the health risks of climate change.
In this document
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Introduction to global climate change and its health risks, alongside preventive strategies and roles of health professionals.
Definitions distinguishing weather from climate, emphasizing climatic change due to natural and human activities.
Information on climate change specifics including global warming, current conditions, causes, and historical climate data analysis.
Explanation of the greenhouse effect, its importance, the role of greenhouse gases, and their impact on climate change.
Identification of health risks associated with climate change including temperature-related illnesses and the impact of extreme weather.
Concluding remarks summarizing key points discussed regarding climate change and health risks.
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Global climate change
- 1. Global Climate Change:Health Risks and Preventive Strategies By Dr Nik Nor Ronaidi bin Nik Mahdi
- 2. Content 1. Summary ofglobal climate change 2. Possible risks to human health 3. What are the main risks to human health / health impact? 4. Action taken previously and currently to prevent / mitigate the health risks / health impact 5. Possible actions to prevent /lessen the health impact related to global climate change 6. Roles for doctors and other health professionals to reduce health risk
- 3. Summary of globalclimate change
- 4. Weather and Climate Whatis weather? •Weather is the state of atmospheric conditions (i.e., hot/cold, wet/dry, calm/stormy, sunny/cloudy) that exist over relatively short periods of time (hours to a couple of days). •Weather includes the passing of a thunderstorm, hurricane, or blizzard, and the persistence of a heat wave, or a cold snap. What is Climate? •Climate is the weather we expect over the period of a month, a season, a decade, or a century. •More technically, climate is defined as the weather conditions resulting from the mean state of the atmosphere-ocean-land system, often described in terms of "climate normals" or average weather conditions.
- 5. Climate Change is… •Any significant change in measures of climate (such as temperature, precipitation, or wind) lasting for an extended period (decades or longer). – When due to natural processes, it is usually referred to as global climate variability – Usually refers to changes forced by human activities that change the atmosphere
- 6. Global warming is… •…the increase in the average surface air temperature of the planet that is a result of the buildup of heat-trapping or "greenhouse" gases in the atmosphere.
- 7. Climate Change orGlobal Warming? • The term CLIMATE CHANGE is often used interchangeably with GLOBAL WARMING. • The phrase 'climate change‘ is growing in preferred use to 'global warming' because it convey there are other changes in addition to rising temperatures.” (National Academy of Sciences)
- 8. Climate Change IsHappening Now. • Warming of the global climate is clear and is shown by – increases in global average air and ocean temperatures, – widespread melting of snow and ice – rising global average sea level – the 10 warmest years on record have all occurred since 1990.
- 9. How do weknow? Scientists learn about the past climate conditions from such things as tree ring analysis, fossil evidence, and analysis of patterns and chemical composition in coral skeletons and ice cores.
- 10. What causes Earth’sclimate to change? Natural causes: • Variations in the Earth's orbital characteristics. • Atmospheric carbon dioxide variations. • Volcanic eruptions • Variations in solar output. Anthropogenic: Human activities – any activity that releases “greenhouse gases” into the atmosphere
- 11. The Greenhouse Effect •The Earth receives ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun, absorbs it, and then radiates the energy out as infrared radiation • The Earth is warmer because our atmosphere traps some of the outgoing IR radiation. This is a natural process known as the greenhouse effect. • The greenhouse effect is a good thing, without it the Earth would become too cold for life to exist. • However, man’s activities appear to be altering the natural balance.
- 13. Greenhouse Gasses • Greenhousegases are atmospheric gases that trap infrared radiation emitted from the earth. • Most of the significant greenhouse gases are long-lived and well- mixed: • Long-lived means they are chemically stable and therefore last years in the atmosphere • Well-mixed means they are evenly distributed in the atmosphere. • This family includes carbon dioxide, methane, oxides of nitrogen, and halocarbons. • Water vapor is a greenhouse gas that is neither well-mixed nor long-lived. Because of this, its overall effect on global warming is the least understood.
- 14. Greenhouse gases Carbon dioxide Nitrous oxide Methane Water Sulfur hexafluoride
- 16. Possible risks tohuman health
- 17. Modulating Health effects Health Effects influences Temperature-related Temperature -related illness and death Extreme weather- Extreme(floods, - related weather storms, related health effects etc.) health effects Human Air pollution-related Air pollution-related exposures health effects Regional weather Microbial changes: Contamination Water and food-borne Water and food-borne Climate changes pathways Contamination paths diseases Change • eat waves H Transmission dynamics Transmission Vectorborne and - Extreme weather • dynamics rodentborne diseases borne diseases rodent- • emperature T • Precipitation Changes in agro- Effects of food and •Sea-level ecosystems, hydrology water shortages rise Socioeconomic and Mental, nutritional, demographic disruption infectious-disease and other effects
- 18.
Editor's Notes
- #10 Scientists learn about the past climate conditions from such things as tree ring analysis, fossil evidence, and analysis of patterns and chemical composition in coral skeletons and ice cores.
- #15 While there are many substances that act as greenhouse gases, two of the most important are water and carbon dioxide, or CO2.