American Gold Dollar Coins were minted between 1849 and 1889 and contained 90% gold. They were the smallest gold denomination issued by the US. In 1849, the US Congress authorized these coins following increased gold discoveries. Two types were produced - the Liberty Head type from 1849 to 1854 and the Indian Head type from 1854 to 1889. Both contained the same gold content but the Indian Head type was larger in size at 15mm. Today, these historic gold coins can be worth significantly more than their original face value depending on date, mintmark, and condition.