FACTORING
POLYNOMIALS(TECHNIQUES)
By
Quadratic Trinomial
I. a=1 pages 17-22
II. a>1 pages 23-28
Factoring Polynomials with Greatest Common
Monomial Factor
pages 5-8
Difference of 2 Squares
pages 9-12
Factoring Perfect Square Trinomials
pages 13-16
CONTENTS
Factoring Quadratic Trinoial
CONTENTS
Sum and Difference of Two Cubes
pages 29-32
Factoring by Grouping
pages 33-36
Exercises Answer Keys
pages 37-38
Factoring is the process of finding
the factors. It reverses the
multiplication process
Factoring
Greatest Common Monomial
Factor
The polynomial of the highest
degree
that is an exact divisor of each of
two polynomials.
The polynomial of the highest
degree
that is an exact divisor of each of
two polynomials.
How do we factor polynomials using the Greatest Common Monomial Factor
Method?
Given example: 20x²+12x
Find the GCF with the lowest exponent of all the terms in a polynomial.
1.
GCMF: 4X
2. Factor out the GCF from each terms.
4x(5x)+4x(3)
3. Use distributive property to factor and simplify expressions
Final Answer: 4x(5x+3)
NOTE: Remember that distributive property says that a(b+c) is = (a)(b)+(a)(c)
Greatest Common Monomial Factor
Greatest Common Monomial Factor Examples
9x⁹+54x⁵ 5x⁷+30x⁴-10x³ x²y⁴+xy⁶z²+x⁵y²
9x⁹+54x⁵
1. Find the GCF of Each Term
factors of: 9x⁹: (9)(1)(x)(x)(x)(x)(x)(x)(x)(x)(x)
54x⁵ : (9)(6)(x)(x)(x)(x)(x)
The GCF is: 9x⁵
2. Use the GCF to factor each terms.
9x⁹+54x⁵ = 9x⁵(x⁴)+9x⁵ (6)
3. Make use of the Distributive Property:
The final answer is 9x⁵ (x⁴+6)
5x⁷+30x⁴-10x³
1. Find the GCF of Each Term
factors of: 5x⁷: (1)(5)(x)(x)(x)(x)(x)(x)(x)
30x⁴: (5)(6)(x)(x)(x)(x)
10x³: (5)(2)(x)(x)(x)
The GCF is: 5x³
2. Use the GCF to factor each terms.
5x⁷+30x⁴-10x³ = 5x³ (x⁴)+ 5x³(6x)-5x³ (2)
3. Make use of the Distributive Property:
The final answer is 5x³ (x⁴ +6x-2)
x² y⁴ +xy⁶z² +x⁵ y²
1. Find the GCF of Each Term
factors of: x² y⁴: (x)(x)(y)(y)
xy⁶z² : (x)(y)(y)(y)(y)(y)(y)(z)(z)
x⁵ y² :(x)(x)(x)(x)(x)(y)(y)
The GCF is: xy²
2. Use the GCF to factor each terms.
x²y⁴+xy⁶z²+x⁵y²= xy²(xy²)+xy² (y⁴z²) +xy² (x⁴)
3. Make use of the Distributive Property:
The final answer is
xy²(xy² +y⁴z² +x⁴)
Try These.
1. 15x²-45x⁶-60x⁸
2. 88x⁵+11y²
3. abc-ab⁵d³+ab⁹c⁴
Difference of Two Squares
In mathematics, the difference of two squares is a squared
(multiplied by itself) number subtracted from another squared
number. Every difference of squares may be factored
according to the identity. in elementary algebra.
-Wiki
How do we factor polynomials using Difference of Two Squares?
The two terms must be a polynomial.
There must be a minus sign between the two
terms
Conditions for a polynomial to be DOTS:
1.
2.
The two terms must be both squares.
There must be a minus sign between the two
terms
Conditions for a polynomial to be DOTS:
1.
2.
Finding the square root of each terms.
Write each terms’ factorization as sum and
difference of the square root.
We can factor a polynomial using DoTS by:
1.
2.
Finding the square root of each terms.
Write each terms’ factorization as sum and
difference of the square root.
We can factor a polynomial using DoTS by:
1.
2.
Difference of Two Squares
x²- 81 9x⁶ -25y⁴
Finding the square root of each
terms
x²-81
1.
x²: (x)²
81: (9)²
2. Write each terms’ factorization as
sum and difference of the square
root.
Final Answer: (x+9)(x-9)
Finding the square root of each
terms
9x⁶-25y⁴
1.
9x⁶: (3)² (x³)²
25y⁴: (5)² (y²)²
2. Write each terms’ factorization as
sum and difference of the square
root.
Final Answer: (3x³+5y²)(3x³-5y²)
1-25q⁴
Finding the square root of each
terms
1-25q⁴
1.
1: (1)²
25q⁴: (5q²)(²)
2. Write each terms’ factorization as
sum and difference of the square
root.
Final Answer: (1+5q²)(1-5q² )
Difference of Two Squares
Try These.
1. 144h²-49p²
2. a²b ²– 16
3. 100g²-25
Perfect Square Trinomials
In mathematics, Perfect Square Trinomial is an
expression obtained from the square of binomial
equation.
The perfect square formula takes the following:
(ax)²+2abx+b² = (ax+b)²
Identify the square root of the first and last terms.
Determine the operation of the middle term to be used on
How do we factor?
1.
2.
separating the factored form.
3. Write the final answer as square of binomial.
x²+2xy+y²=(x+y)²
Identify the square root of the first and last terms.
Determine the operation of the middle term to be used on
How do we factor?
1.
2.
separating the factored form.
3. Write the final answer as square of binomial.
x²+2xy+y²=(x+y)²
Perfect Square Trinomials
The first and last term must be perfect squares.
There must be no minus sign before the first and last term.
If you multiply its first and last term, the result must be its
additive inverse.
Conditions for a polynomial to be a PST:
1.
2.
3.
The first and last term must be perfect squares.
There must be no minus sign before the first and last term.
If you multiply its first and last term, the result must be its
additive inverse.
Conditions for a polynomial to be a PST:
1.
2.
3.
How do we factor polynomials using Perfect Square Trinomials?
Identify the square root of
the first and last terms.
1.
x²: (x)²
4: (2) ²
2. Determine the operation of the
middle term to be used on
separating the factored form.
x² +4x+4
3. Write the final answer as
square of binomial.
(x+2)²
x²+4x+4
x²+4x+4 16x² +72x+81
16x² +72x+81
Identify the square root of
the first and last terms.
1.
16x ²: (4x)²
81: (9)²
2. Determine the operation of the
middle term to be used on
separating the factored form.
16x² +72x+81
3. Write the final answer as
square of binomial.
(4x +9)²
25p²-60pq+36q²
25p²-60pq+36q²
Identify the square root of
the first and last terms.
1.
25p²: (5p)²
36q²: (6q)²
2. Determine the operation of the
middle term to be used on
separating the factored form.
25p² -60pq+36q²
3. Write the final answer as
square of binomial.
(5p-6q)²
Try These.
1. r²+6r+9
2. 25+40x+16x²
3. (a+b)²+10(a+b)+25
Quadratic Trinomial (a=1)
A quadratic trinomial is a
trinomial of the form ax² +bx+c,
where a=1.
List all pairs of integers whose product is equal to the last term
Choose a pair, m and n, whose sum is the middle term: m+n=b
Write the factorization as x² +bx+c=(x+m)(x+n).
If the terms of trinomial do not have a factor, then terms of
binomial factor cannot have a common factor
If constant term of a trinomial is:
Factoring x² + bx +c
1.
2.
3.
Points to remember in factoring Quadratic Trinomial.
1.
2.
a. positive, the constant term of the binomials have the same signs as
the coeffecient of x in the trinomial.
b. negative, the constant terms of the binomials have opposite signs
How do we factor polynomials using Quadratic Trinomials (a=1)
Quadratic Trinomial (a=1) Examples
List all pairs of integers whose product is equal to the
last term
1.
last term is 10:
Factors of 10: 5 and 2, 10 and 1
2. Choose a pair, m and n, whose sum is the middle term:
m+n=b
The factors 5 and 2 is equal to the middle term 7.
3. Write the factorization as x² +bx+c=(x+m)(x+n)
Final answer is (x+5)(x+2)
1.Example: x² +7x+10
Some Factors of 10 equal to 7
-5 and -2
5 and 2
-1 and -10
1 and 10
-7
7
-11
11
Quadratic Trinomial (a=1) Examples
List all pairs of integers whose product is equal to the
last term
1.
last term is 14
Factors of 14: 1,2,7,14
2. Choose a pair, m and n, whose sum is the middle term:
m+n=b
The factors -2 and -7 is equal to the middle term -9
3. Write the factorization as x² +bx+c=(x+m)(x+n)
Final answer is (x-2)(x-7)
2. Example: x²-9x+14
Some Factors of 14 equal to -9x
-1 and -14
1 and 14
2 and 7
-2 and -7
-7
7
-9
9
Quadratic Trinomial (a=1) Examples
List all pairs of integers whose product is equal to the
last term
1.
last term is 18
Factors of 14: 1,2,3,6, 9,18
2. Choose a pair, m and n, whose sum is the middle term:
m+n=b
The factors -2 and -9 is equal to the middle term -11
3. Write the factorization as x² +bx+c=(x+m)(x+n)
Final answer is (x-2)(x-9)
3. x²-11x+18
Some Factors of 18 equal to -11x
1,18
-1,-18
-2,-9
2,9
-3, -6
3, 6
19
-19
-11
11
-9
9
1. p²+14p+40
2. b²-8b+15
3.r²+r-20
Try These.
1. p²+14p+40
2. b²-8b+15
3.r²+r-20
Quadratic Trinomial (a>1)
A Quadratic Trinomial (a>1) is a trinomial of the
form ax² +bx+c, where a>1
How do we factor polynomials using Quadratic Trinomials (a=1)
Start by finding two numbers that multiply to ac and b
Use these numbers to split up the x-term.
Use grouping to factor the quadratic expression.
In general, we can use the following steps to factor a quadratic form: ax²+
bx+c
1.
2.
3.
4.
Points to remember in factoring Quadratic Trinomial.
If the terms of trinomial do not have a factor, then terms of binomial factor
cannot have a common factor
If constant term of a trinomial is:
a. positive, the constant term of the binomials have the same signs as the
coeffecient of x in the trinomial.
b. negative, the constant terms of the binomials have opposite signs
Quadratic Trinomial (a>1) Examples
Factors of 56 whose sum is 15
1, 56
4, 14
7,8
57
30
18
15
Start by finding two numbers that multiply to ac and
add to b.
In general, we can use the following steps to factor a
quadratic form
2x² +15x+28
1.
(2)(28)= 56
Factors of 56 that adds to 15: 7, 8
2. Use these numbers to split up the x-term.
2x² +15x+28=2x²+(7x+8x)+28
3. Use grouping to factor the quadratic equation
2x² +7x+8x+28
=(2x² +7x)+(8x+28)
= (2x+7)(x+4) is the final answer.
1.Example: 2x+15x+28
2, 28
Quadratic Trinomial (a>1) Examples
Factors of -24 whose sum is -10
Start by finding two numbers that multiply to ac and
add to b.
In general, we can use the following steps to factor a
quadratic form
3x² -10x-8
1.
(3)(-8)=-24
Factors of -24 that adds to -10: -12 and 2
2. Use these numbers to split up the x-term.
3x²-10x-8 = 3x²-12+2-8
3. Use grouping to factor the quadratic equation
3x² +2x-12x-8=
x(3x+2)-4(3x+2)=
(3x+2)(x-4) is the final answer.
2. Example:3x² -10x-8
-1,24
1,-24
-2,12
-12,2
-3,8
3,-8
-4,6
4,-6
23
-23
10
-10
5
-5
2
-2
Quadratic Trinomial (a>1) Examples
Factors of 24 whose sum is -25
-1, -24
-3, -8
-4, -6
-25
-11
-10
Start by finding two numbers that multiply to ac and
add to b.
In general, we can use the following steps to factor a
quadratic form
6x²-25x+4
1.
(6)(4)=24
Factors of 24 that adds to -25: (1)(24)
2. Use these numbers to split up the x-term.
6x²-25x+4= 6x²-x-24x+4
3. Use grouping to factor the quadratic equation
6x²-x-24+4
=x(6x-1)-4(6x-1)
(6x-1)(x-4)
= (6x-1)(x-4) is the final answer.
3.Example:6x² -25x+4
-2, -12 -14
Try These.
1. 12x²-29x+15
2. 7a²+53a+28
3. 6x² +37x+6
Sum and Difference of two
Cubes
A binomial with each term being cubed
and it has either
addition od subtraction as the middle
sign
a. For the binomial factor, Find the cube root of the first and last
term, copy the sign of the given.
1.
2. a. For the trinomial factor, square the first term of the binomial
factor to be put on the first term of the trinomial factor.
b. For the middle term, multiply the cuberoots.
c. square the last term of the binomial to be put on the last term of
the trinomial.
points to remember in factoring sum and difference of two cubes:
a. The sign separating the trinomials’ middle and last term must be
always addition or positive.
b. The sign separating the trinomials’ first and middle term must be
opposite to the given sign
How do we factor polynomials using the sum and difference of two cubes?
Sum and Difference of two Cubes
Sum and Difference of two Cubes
a+b³
a. For the binomial factor, Find the cube root of the first
and last term, copy the sign of the given.
1.
a+b³ =(a+b)
2. a. For the trinomial factor, square the first term of the
binomial factor to be put on the first term of the trinomial
factor.
b. For the middle term, multiply the cube roots.
square the last term of the binomial to be put on the last
term of the trinomial.
1a. binomial factor: (a+b)
2a. trinomial factor’ first term: (a)² = a²
b. Middle term: (a)(b)=ab
b. last term: (b)² =b²
Combine :
(a+b)(a²-ab+b²)
Hence, the final answer is
a+b³ = (a+b)(a²-ab+b²)
a. For the binomial factor, Find the cube root of
the first and last term, copy the sign of the given.
1.
y³-8=( y-2)
2. a. For the trinomial factor, square the first term of
the binomial factor to be put on the first term of the
trinomial factor.
b. For the middle term, multiply the cube roots.
c. square the last term of the binomial to be put on the
last term of the trinomial.
1a. binomial factor: (y-2)
2a. trinomial factor’ first term: (y)²
b. Middle term: (2)(y) =2y
c. last term: (2)² =4
Combine :
(y-2)(y² +2y+4)
Hence, the final answer is
y³-8=(y-2)(y² +2y+4)
y³-8 a. For the binomial factor, Find the cube root of the
first and last term, copy the sign of the given.
1.
27x³ +64y³ =(3x+4y)
2. a. For the trinomial factor, square the first term of
the binomial factor to be put on the first term of the
trinomial factor.
b. For the middle term, multiply the cube roots.
c. square the last term of the binomial to be put on the
last term of the trinomial.
1.a. binomial factor: (3x+4y)
2. a. trinomial factor’ first term: (3x)² =9x²
b. Middle term: (3x)(4y)=12xy
c. last term: (4y)² =16y²
Combine :
(3x+4y)(9x²-12xy+16y²)
Hence, the final answer is
27x³ +64y³ = (3x+4y)(9x²-12xy+16y²)
27x³ +64y³
Try These.
1. 27m³-125
2. 500x³ +256
3. 375-81a³
Factoring by Grouping
Just like it says, factoring by grouping means that
you will group terms with common factors before
factoring.
Step 1: Group terms with Common Monomial Factor.
Step 2: Factor out the GCF from each separate groups.
Step 3: Factor out the common binomial factor.
How do we factor polynomials using Factoring by Grouping?
Factoring by Grouping
2x² +8x+3x+12
Step 1: Group terms with Common
Monomial Factor.
(2x² +8x)+(3x+12)
Step 2: Factor out the GCF from each
separate groups.
2x(x+4)+3(x+4)
Step 3: Factor out the common
binomial factor.
(2x+3)(x+4)
3x²-6x-4x+8
Step 1: Group terms with Common
Monomial Factor.
(3x²-6x)+(-4x+8)
Step 2: Factor out the GCF from each
separate groups.
3x(x-2)-4(x-2)
Step 3: Factor out the common
binomial factor.
(x-2)(3x-4)
2x³+3x-10x²-15
Step 1: Group terms with Common
Monomial Factor.
(2x³-10x²)+(3x-15)
Step 2: Factor out the GCF from each
separate groups.
2x² (x-5)+3(x-5)
Step 3: Factor out the common
binomial factor.
(x-5)(2x² +3)
Factoring by Grouping
Try These.
1. 5mn + 25m + 3n³ + 15n²
2. 4b³+ b² + 8b + 2
3. 28k³ − 4k²− 35k + 5
Answer Keys
15x² (1-3x⁴-4x⁶)
Greatest Common
Monomial Factor
1.
2. 11(8x⁵ +y)
3. ab(c-b⁴d³+b⁸c⁴
DoTS
1. (12h+7p)(12h-7p)
2.(ab+4)(ab-4)
3. 25(2g+1)(2g-1)
Perfect Square
Trinomial
1.(r+3)²
2.(5+4x)²
3. (a+b+5)²
Quadratic
Trinomial a=1
1. (p+4)(p+10)
2. (b-5)(b-3)
3. (r-4)(r-5)
Quadratic Trinomial
a>1
1. (4x-3)(3x-5)
2. (a+7)(7a+4)
3. (6x+1)(x+6)
Sum and Dif. of two
cubes
1. (3m-5)(9m² +15m+25)
2. 4(5x+4)(25x²-20x+16)
3. 3(5-3a)(25+15a+9a²)
Factor by Grouping
1.(5m+3n²)(n+5)
2.(4b+1)(b² +2)
3. (7k-1)(4k²-5)
-Oronce,O.A.,&Mendoza,M.O.(2019).E-Math:
WorktextinMathematics.REXBookStore.
-KhanAcademy.AccessedJanuary31,2020
https://www.khanacademy.org.
-Factoring.(2019,February22).InWikipedia.URL
-OnlineLearningMath.com.AccessedJanuary31,2020.
https://www.onlinemathlearning.com/factoring-by-
grouping.html
Resources

More Related Content

PDF
Exponents and Polynomials
PPTX
Dividing scientific notation
PPTX
Cartesian Coordinate System.pptx
PPT
Reasoning In Geometry
PPT
Angles.ppt No 2 topic.ppt
PPT
Solving One Step Equations
PPT
SYMMETRY
PPT
Geometry
Exponents and Polynomials
Dividing scientific notation
Cartesian Coordinate System.pptx
Reasoning In Geometry
Angles.ppt No 2 topic.ppt
Solving One Step Equations
SYMMETRY
Geometry

What's hot (20)

PDF
mathematics quiz class vii
PPTX
Factorising Single Brackets Presentation.pptx
PPT
Math tricks
PPT
Solve Systems By Elimination
PPT
Ecuaciones de primer_grado
PPT
Distributive property ppt
PPTX
Algebraic expressions and terms
PPT
Coordinate plane ppt
PPTX
Coordinate Geometry Concept Class
PPTX
Area of quadrilaterals
PPT
Transformation Geometry
PPT
Operations on Radicals.ppt
DOCX
Evaluacion de los numeros naturales
PDF
Nov. 4 Distance Between A Point And A Line
PPTX
Algebraic identities
PPTX
Circles(1)
PPT
Trigonometric-Functions-of-Any-Angle (2).ppt
PPTX
Areas sombreadas
PPT
Enlargement
PPT
Diamond and box factoring student version
mathematics quiz class vii
Factorising Single Brackets Presentation.pptx
Math tricks
Solve Systems By Elimination
Ecuaciones de primer_grado
Distributive property ppt
Algebraic expressions and terms
Coordinate plane ppt
Coordinate Geometry Concept Class
Area of quadrilaterals
Transformation Geometry
Operations on Radicals.ppt
Evaluacion de los numeros naturales
Nov. 4 Distance Between A Point And A Line
Algebraic identities
Circles(1)
Trigonometric-Functions-of-Any-Angle (2).ppt
Areas sombreadas
Enlargement
Diamond and box factoring student version
Ad

Similar to GR 8 Math Powerpoint about Polynomial Techniques (20)

PPTX
Factoring Polynomials
PPTX
Section 13.5 special factoing techniques
PPTX
Factoring PPT.pptx FOR ALL TYPE OF STUDENT
PPTX
FactoringTrinomials in the form of ax2 + bx + c.pptx
PPTX
March 20th, 2014
PDF
Factoring Polynomials in Modular Approach
PPTX
Factoring cases - Andrés.pptx
PDF
Factoring Reviewed
PPTX
March 23, 2015
PPTX
CollegeAlgebra_02_PolynomialandRational_.pptx
PPT
Jt mathpowerpoint
PDF
Factor Completely Different Types of Polynomials
PPTX
Strategic Intervention Materials
PPT
Factoring and Box Method
PPTX
FACTORING POLYNOMIALS SPECIAL PRODUCTS FOR GR VIII
PPTX
Factoring polynomials
PPTX
March 25, 2014
PPT
PDF
1.5 Factoring Polynomials
PDF
Algebra 2 Section 0-3
Factoring Polynomials
Section 13.5 special factoing techniques
Factoring PPT.pptx FOR ALL TYPE OF STUDENT
FactoringTrinomials in the form of ax2 + bx + c.pptx
March 20th, 2014
Factoring Polynomials in Modular Approach
Factoring cases - Andrés.pptx
Factoring Reviewed
March 23, 2015
CollegeAlgebra_02_PolynomialandRational_.pptx
Jt mathpowerpoint
Factor Completely Different Types of Polynomials
Strategic Intervention Materials
Factoring and Box Method
FACTORING POLYNOMIALS SPECIAL PRODUCTS FOR GR VIII
Factoring polynomials
March 25, 2014
1.5 Factoring Polynomials
Algebra 2 Section 0-3
Ad

Recently uploaded (20)

PPTX
principlesofmanagementsem1slides-131211060335-phpapp01 (1).ppt
PDF
anganwadi services for the b.sc nursing and GNM
PDF
Kalaari-SaaS-Founder-Playbook-2024-Edition-.pdf
PDF
WHAT NURSES SAY_ COMMUNICATION BEHAVIORS ASSOCIATED WITH THE COMP.pdf
PDF
Laparoscopic Imaging Systems at World Laparoscopy Hospital
PPT
hemostasis and its significance, physiology
PDF
Disorder of Endocrine system (1).pdfyyhyyyy
PDF
Health aspects of bilberry: A review on its general benefits
PPTX
2025 High Blood Pressure Guideline Slide Set.pptx
PDF
fundamentals-of-heat-and-mass-transfer-6th-edition_incropera.pdf
PPTX
MMW-CHAPTER-1-final.pptx major Elementary Education
PDF
Everyday Spelling and Grammar by Kathi Wyldeck
PPTX
Power Point PR B.Inggris 12 Ed. 2019.pptx
PDF
0520_Scheme_of_Work_(for_examination_from_2021).pdf
PPTX
Diploma pharmaceutics notes..helps diploma students
PPTX
Key-Features-of-the-SHS-Program-v4-Slides (3) PPT2.pptx
PPTX
Designing Adaptive Learning Paths in Virtual Learning Environments
PDF
CAT 2024 VARC One - Shot Revision Marathon by Shabana.pptx.pdf
PPTX
IT infrastructure and emerging technologies
PPTX
Unit 1 aayurveda and nutrition presentation
principlesofmanagementsem1slides-131211060335-phpapp01 (1).ppt
anganwadi services for the b.sc nursing and GNM
Kalaari-SaaS-Founder-Playbook-2024-Edition-.pdf
WHAT NURSES SAY_ COMMUNICATION BEHAVIORS ASSOCIATED WITH THE COMP.pdf
Laparoscopic Imaging Systems at World Laparoscopy Hospital
hemostasis and its significance, physiology
Disorder of Endocrine system (1).pdfyyhyyyy
Health aspects of bilberry: A review on its general benefits
2025 High Blood Pressure Guideline Slide Set.pptx
fundamentals-of-heat-and-mass-transfer-6th-edition_incropera.pdf
MMW-CHAPTER-1-final.pptx major Elementary Education
Everyday Spelling and Grammar by Kathi Wyldeck
Power Point PR B.Inggris 12 Ed. 2019.pptx
0520_Scheme_of_Work_(for_examination_from_2021).pdf
Diploma pharmaceutics notes..helps diploma students
Key-Features-of-the-SHS-Program-v4-Slides (3) PPT2.pptx
Designing Adaptive Learning Paths in Virtual Learning Environments
CAT 2024 VARC One - Shot Revision Marathon by Shabana.pptx.pdf
IT infrastructure and emerging technologies
Unit 1 aayurveda and nutrition presentation

GR 8 Math Powerpoint about Polynomial Techniques

  • 2. Quadratic Trinomial I. a=1 pages 17-22 II. a>1 pages 23-28 Factoring Polynomials with Greatest Common Monomial Factor pages 5-8 Difference of 2 Squares pages 9-12 Factoring Perfect Square Trinomials pages 13-16 CONTENTS
  • 3. Factoring Quadratic Trinoial CONTENTS Sum and Difference of Two Cubes pages 29-32 Factoring by Grouping pages 33-36 Exercises Answer Keys pages 37-38
  • 4. Factoring is the process of finding the factors. It reverses the multiplication process Factoring
  • 5. Greatest Common Monomial Factor The polynomial of the highest degree that is an exact divisor of each of two polynomials. The polynomial of the highest degree that is an exact divisor of each of two polynomials.
  • 6. How do we factor polynomials using the Greatest Common Monomial Factor Method? Given example: 20x²+12x Find the GCF with the lowest exponent of all the terms in a polynomial. 1. GCMF: 4X 2. Factor out the GCF from each terms. 4x(5x)+4x(3) 3. Use distributive property to factor and simplify expressions Final Answer: 4x(5x+3) NOTE: Remember that distributive property says that a(b+c) is = (a)(b)+(a)(c) Greatest Common Monomial Factor
  • 7. Greatest Common Monomial Factor Examples 9x⁹+54x⁵ 5x⁷+30x⁴-10x³ x²y⁴+xy⁶z²+x⁵y² 9x⁹+54x⁵ 1. Find the GCF of Each Term factors of: 9x⁹: (9)(1)(x)(x)(x)(x)(x)(x)(x)(x)(x) 54x⁵ : (9)(6)(x)(x)(x)(x)(x) The GCF is: 9x⁵ 2. Use the GCF to factor each terms. 9x⁹+54x⁵ = 9x⁵(x⁴)+9x⁵ (6) 3. Make use of the Distributive Property: The final answer is 9x⁵ (x⁴+6) 5x⁷+30x⁴-10x³ 1. Find the GCF of Each Term factors of: 5x⁷: (1)(5)(x)(x)(x)(x)(x)(x)(x) 30x⁴: (5)(6)(x)(x)(x)(x) 10x³: (5)(2)(x)(x)(x) The GCF is: 5x³ 2. Use the GCF to factor each terms. 5x⁷+30x⁴-10x³ = 5x³ (x⁴)+ 5x³(6x)-5x³ (2) 3. Make use of the Distributive Property: The final answer is 5x³ (x⁴ +6x-2) x² y⁴ +xy⁶z² +x⁵ y² 1. Find the GCF of Each Term factors of: x² y⁴: (x)(x)(y)(y) xy⁶z² : (x)(y)(y)(y)(y)(y)(y)(z)(z) x⁵ y² :(x)(x)(x)(x)(x)(y)(y) The GCF is: xy² 2. Use the GCF to factor each terms. x²y⁴+xy⁶z²+x⁵y²= xy²(xy²)+xy² (y⁴z²) +xy² (x⁴) 3. Make use of the Distributive Property: The final answer is xy²(xy² +y⁴z² +x⁴)
  • 8. Try These. 1. 15x²-45x⁶-60x⁸ 2. 88x⁵+11y² 3. abc-ab⁵d³+ab⁹c⁴
  • 9. Difference of Two Squares In mathematics, the difference of two squares is a squared (multiplied by itself) number subtracted from another squared number. Every difference of squares may be factored according to the identity. in elementary algebra. -Wiki
  • 10. How do we factor polynomials using Difference of Two Squares? The two terms must be a polynomial. There must be a minus sign between the two terms Conditions for a polynomial to be DOTS: 1. 2. The two terms must be both squares. There must be a minus sign between the two terms Conditions for a polynomial to be DOTS: 1. 2. Finding the square root of each terms. Write each terms’ factorization as sum and difference of the square root. We can factor a polynomial using DoTS by: 1. 2. Finding the square root of each terms. Write each terms’ factorization as sum and difference of the square root. We can factor a polynomial using DoTS by: 1. 2. Difference of Two Squares
  • 11. x²- 81 9x⁶ -25y⁴ Finding the square root of each terms x²-81 1. x²: (x)² 81: (9)² 2. Write each terms’ factorization as sum and difference of the square root. Final Answer: (x+9)(x-9) Finding the square root of each terms 9x⁶-25y⁴ 1. 9x⁶: (3)² (x³)² 25y⁴: (5)² (y²)² 2. Write each terms’ factorization as sum and difference of the square root. Final Answer: (3x³+5y²)(3x³-5y²) 1-25q⁴ Finding the square root of each terms 1-25q⁴ 1. 1: (1)² 25q⁴: (5q²)(²) 2. Write each terms’ factorization as sum and difference of the square root. Final Answer: (1+5q²)(1-5q² ) Difference of Two Squares
  • 12. Try These. 1. 144h²-49p² 2. a²b ²– 16 3. 100g²-25
  • 13. Perfect Square Trinomials In mathematics, Perfect Square Trinomial is an expression obtained from the square of binomial equation. The perfect square formula takes the following: (ax)²+2abx+b² = (ax+b)²
  • 14. Identify the square root of the first and last terms. Determine the operation of the middle term to be used on How do we factor? 1. 2. separating the factored form. 3. Write the final answer as square of binomial. x²+2xy+y²=(x+y)² Identify the square root of the first and last terms. Determine the operation of the middle term to be used on How do we factor? 1. 2. separating the factored form. 3. Write the final answer as square of binomial. x²+2xy+y²=(x+y)² Perfect Square Trinomials The first and last term must be perfect squares. There must be no minus sign before the first and last term. If you multiply its first and last term, the result must be its additive inverse. Conditions for a polynomial to be a PST: 1. 2. 3. The first and last term must be perfect squares. There must be no minus sign before the first and last term. If you multiply its first and last term, the result must be its additive inverse. Conditions for a polynomial to be a PST: 1. 2. 3. How do we factor polynomials using Perfect Square Trinomials?
  • 15. Identify the square root of the first and last terms. 1. x²: (x)² 4: (2) ² 2. Determine the operation of the middle term to be used on separating the factored form. x² +4x+4 3. Write the final answer as square of binomial. (x+2)² x²+4x+4 x²+4x+4 16x² +72x+81 16x² +72x+81 Identify the square root of the first and last terms. 1. 16x ²: (4x)² 81: (9)² 2. Determine the operation of the middle term to be used on separating the factored form. 16x² +72x+81 3. Write the final answer as square of binomial. (4x +9)² 25p²-60pq+36q² 25p²-60pq+36q² Identify the square root of the first and last terms. 1. 25p²: (5p)² 36q²: (6q)² 2. Determine the operation of the middle term to be used on separating the factored form. 25p² -60pq+36q² 3. Write the final answer as square of binomial. (5p-6q)²
  • 16. Try These. 1. r²+6r+9 2. 25+40x+16x² 3. (a+b)²+10(a+b)+25
  • 17. Quadratic Trinomial (a=1) A quadratic trinomial is a trinomial of the form ax² +bx+c, where a=1.
  • 18. List all pairs of integers whose product is equal to the last term Choose a pair, m and n, whose sum is the middle term: m+n=b Write the factorization as x² +bx+c=(x+m)(x+n). If the terms of trinomial do not have a factor, then terms of binomial factor cannot have a common factor If constant term of a trinomial is: Factoring x² + bx +c 1. 2. 3. Points to remember in factoring Quadratic Trinomial. 1. 2. a. positive, the constant term of the binomials have the same signs as the coeffecient of x in the trinomial. b. negative, the constant terms of the binomials have opposite signs How do we factor polynomials using Quadratic Trinomials (a=1)
  • 19. Quadratic Trinomial (a=1) Examples List all pairs of integers whose product is equal to the last term 1. last term is 10: Factors of 10: 5 and 2, 10 and 1 2. Choose a pair, m and n, whose sum is the middle term: m+n=b The factors 5 and 2 is equal to the middle term 7. 3. Write the factorization as x² +bx+c=(x+m)(x+n) Final answer is (x+5)(x+2) 1.Example: x² +7x+10 Some Factors of 10 equal to 7 -5 and -2 5 and 2 -1 and -10 1 and 10 -7 7 -11 11
  • 20. Quadratic Trinomial (a=1) Examples List all pairs of integers whose product is equal to the last term 1. last term is 14 Factors of 14: 1,2,7,14 2. Choose a pair, m and n, whose sum is the middle term: m+n=b The factors -2 and -7 is equal to the middle term -9 3. Write the factorization as x² +bx+c=(x+m)(x+n) Final answer is (x-2)(x-7) 2. Example: x²-9x+14 Some Factors of 14 equal to -9x -1 and -14 1 and 14 2 and 7 -2 and -7 -7 7 -9 9
  • 21. Quadratic Trinomial (a=1) Examples List all pairs of integers whose product is equal to the last term 1. last term is 18 Factors of 14: 1,2,3,6, 9,18 2. Choose a pair, m and n, whose sum is the middle term: m+n=b The factors -2 and -9 is equal to the middle term -11 3. Write the factorization as x² +bx+c=(x+m)(x+n) Final answer is (x-2)(x-9) 3. x²-11x+18 Some Factors of 18 equal to -11x 1,18 -1,-18 -2,-9 2,9 -3, -6 3, 6 19 -19 -11 11 -9 9
  • 22. 1. p²+14p+40 2. b²-8b+15 3.r²+r-20 Try These. 1. p²+14p+40 2. b²-8b+15 3.r²+r-20
  • 23. Quadratic Trinomial (a>1) A Quadratic Trinomial (a>1) is a trinomial of the form ax² +bx+c, where a>1
  • 24. How do we factor polynomials using Quadratic Trinomials (a=1) Start by finding two numbers that multiply to ac and b Use these numbers to split up the x-term. Use grouping to factor the quadratic expression. In general, we can use the following steps to factor a quadratic form: ax²+ bx+c 1. 2. 3. 4. Points to remember in factoring Quadratic Trinomial. If the terms of trinomial do not have a factor, then terms of binomial factor cannot have a common factor If constant term of a trinomial is: a. positive, the constant term of the binomials have the same signs as the coeffecient of x in the trinomial. b. negative, the constant terms of the binomials have opposite signs
  • 25. Quadratic Trinomial (a>1) Examples Factors of 56 whose sum is 15 1, 56 4, 14 7,8 57 30 18 15 Start by finding two numbers that multiply to ac and add to b. In general, we can use the following steps to factor a quadratic form 2x² +15x+28 1. (2)(28)= 56 Factors of 56 that adds to 15: 7, 8 2. Use these numbers to split up the x-term. 2x² +15x+28=2x²+(7x+8x)+28 3. Use grouping to factor the quadratic equation 2x² +7x+8x+28 =(2x² +7x)+(8x+28) = (2x+7)(x+4) is the final answer. 1.Example: 2x+15x+28 2, 28
  • 26. Quadratic Trinomial (a>1) Examples Factors of -24 whose sum is -10 Start by finding two numbers that multiply to ac and add to b. In general, we can use the following steps to factor a quadratic form 3x² -10x-8 1. (3)(-8)=-24 Factors of -24 that adds to -10: -12 and 2 2. Use these numbers to split up the x-term. 3x²-10x-8 = 3x²-12+2-8 3. Use grouping to factor the quadratic equation 3x² +2x-12x-8= x(3x+2)-4(3x+2)= (3x+2)(x-4) is the final answer. 2. Example:3x² -10x-8 -1,24 1,-24 -2,12 -12,2 -3,8 3,-8 -4,6 4,-6 23 -23 10 -10 5 -5 2 -2
  • 27. Quadratic Trinomial (a>1) Examples Factors of 24 whose sum is -25 -1, -24 -3, -8 -4, -6 -25 -11 -10 Start by finding two numbers that multiply to ac and add to b. In general, we can use the following steps to factor a quadratic form 6x²-25x+4 1. (6)(4)=24 Factors of 24 that adds to -25: (1)(24) 2. Use these numbers to split up the x-term. 6x²-25x+4= 6x²-x-24x+4 3. Use grouping to factor the quadratic equation 6x²-x-24+4 =x(6x-1)-4(6x-1) (6x-1)(x-4) = (6x-1)(x-4) is the final answer. 3.Example:6x² -25x+4 -2, -12 -14
  • 28. Try These. 1. 12x²-29x+15 2. 7a²+53a+28 3. 6x² +37x+6
  • 29. Sum and Difference of two Cubes A binomial with each term being cubed and it has either addition od subtraction as the middle sign
  • 30. a. For the binomial factor, Find the cube root of the first and last term, copy the sign of the given. 1. 2. a. For the trinomial factor, square the first term of the binomial factor to be put on the first term of the trinomial factor. b. For the middle term, multiply the cuberoots. c. square the last term of the binomial to be put on the last term of the trinomial. points to remember in factoring sum and difference of two cubes: a. The sign separating the trinomials’ middle and last term must be always addition or positive. b. The sign separating the trinomials’ first and middle term must be opposite to the given sign How do we factor polynomials using the sum and difference of two cubes? Sum and Difference of two Cubes
  • 31. Sum and Difference of two Cubes a+b³ a. For the binomial factor, Find the cube root of the first and last term, copy the sign of the given. 1. a+b³ =(a+b) 2. a. For the trinomial factor, square the first term of the binomial factor to be put on the first term of the trinomial factor. b. For the middle term, multiply the cube roots. square the last term of the binomial to be put on the last term of the trinomial. 1a. binomial factor: (a+b) 2a. trinomial factor’ first term: (a)² = a² b. Middle term: (a)(b)=ab b. last term: (b)² =b² Combine : (a+b)(a²-ab+b²) Hence, the final answer is a+b³ = (a+b)(a²-ab+b²) a. For the binomial factor, Find the cube root of the first and last term, copy the sign of the given. 1. y³-8=( y-2) 2. a. For the trinomial factor, square the first term of the binomial factor to be put on the first term of the trinomial factor. b. For the middle term, multiply the cube roots. c. square the last term of the binomial to be put on the last term of the trinomial. 1a. binomial factor: (y-2) 2a. trinomial factor’ first term: (y)² b. Middle term: (2)(y) =2y c. last term: (2)² =4 Combine : (y-2)(y² +2y+4) Hence, the final answer is y³-8=(y-2)(y² +2y+4) y³-8 a. For the binomial factor, Find the cube root of the first and last term, copy the sign of the given. 1. 27x³ +64y³ =(3x+4y) 2. a. For the trinomial factor, square the first term of the binomial factor to be put on the first term of the trinomial factor. b. For the middle term, multiply the cube roots. c. square the last term of the binomial to be put on the last term of the trinomial. 1.a. binomial factor: (3x+4y) 2. a. trinomial factor’ first term: (3x)² =9x² b. Middle term: (3x)(4y)=12xy c. last term: (4y)² =16y² Combine : (3x+4y)(9x²-12xy+16y²) Hence, the final answer is 27x³ +64y³ = (3x+4y)(9x²-12xy+16y²) 27x³ +64y³
  • 32. Try These. 1. 27m³-125 2. 500x³ +256 3. 375-81a³
  • 33. Factoring by Grouping Just like it says, factoring by grouping means that you will group terms with common factors before factoring.
  • 34. Step 1: Group terms with Common Monomial Factor. Step 2: Factor out the GCF from each separate groups. Step 3: Factor out the common binomial factor. How do we factor polynomials using Factoring by Grouping? Factoring by Grouping
  • 35. 2x² +8x+3x+12 Step 1: Group terms with Common Monomial Factor. (2x² +8x)+(3x+12) Step 2: Factor out the GCF from each separate groups. 2x(x+4)+3(x+4) Step 3: Factor out the common binomial factor. (2x+3)(x+4) 3x²-6x-4x+8 Step 1: Group terms with Common Monomial Factor. (3x²-6x)+(-4x+8) Step 2: Factor out the GCF from each separate groups. 3x(x-2)-4(x-2) Step 3: Factor out the common binomial factor. (x-2)(3x-4) 2x³+3x-10x²-15 Step 1: Group terms with Common Monomial Factor. (2x³-10x²)+(3x-15) Step 2: Factor out the GCF from each separate groups. 2x² (x-5)+3(x-5) Step 3: Factor out the common binomial factor. (x-5)(2x² +3) Factoring by Grouping
  • 36. Try These. 1. 5mn + 25m + 3n³ + 15n² 2. 4b³+ b² + 8b + 2 3. 28k³ − 4k²− 35k + 5
  • 38. 15x² (1-3x⁴-4x⁶) Greatest Common Monomial Factor 1. 2. 11(8x⁵ +y) 3. ab(c-b⁴d³+b⁸c⁴ DoTS 1. (12h+7p)(12h-7p) 2.(ab+4)(ab-4) 3. 25(2g+1)(2g-1) Perfect Square Trinomial 1.(r+3)² 2.(5+4x)² 3. (a+b+5)² Quadratic Trinomial a=1 1. (p+4)(p+10) 2. (b-5)(b-3) 3. (r-4)(r-5) Quadratic Trinomial a>1 1. (4x-3)(3x-5) 2. (a+7)(7a+4) 3. (6x+1)(x+6) Sum and Dif. of two cubes 1. (3m-5)(9m² +15m+25) 2. 4(5x+4)(25x²-20x+16) 3. 3(5-3a)(25+15a+9a²) Factor by Grouping 1.(5m+3n²)(n+5) 2.(4b+1)(b² +2) 3. (7k-1)(4k²-5)