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Grace goodell's
The document describes Grace Goodell's Reading Skills Ladder, which outlines 16 reading skills in a progression. It starts with basic sight words and progresses to more advanced skills like using reference books, borrowing library books, reading from the internet, and exposure to reading from mass media. The document provides details on sight words, including what they are, examples from the Dolch word list, and Ehri's four phases of sight word development. It also explains phonetic analysis and provides examples of phonetic classifications.
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Grace goodell's
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- 2. Reading Skills Ladder 1. Basic sight words 2. Using phonetic analysis 3. Using structural analysis 4. Using contextual clues 5. Vocabulary building 6. Finding the main idea 7. Finding the supporting details 8. Interfering meanings, drawing conclusions 9. Classifying and organizing facts 10. Using parts of the book 11. Using the dictionary 12. Using the encyclopedias and other reference books 13. Borrowing library books for research and enjoyment 14. Starting your private library collection 15. Exposure to reading from mass media 16. Reading from the Internet
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- 4. What are sightwords? Sight words Often also called high frequency sight words. The Dolch words are the 220 most frequently found words in books that children read. Many of these words cannot be sounded out because they do not follow decoding rules, so they must be learned as sight words. They are commonly used words that young children are encouraged to memorize as a whole by sight, so that they can automatically recognize these words in print without having to use any strategies to decode. These account for a large percentage (up to 75%) of the words used in beginning children's print materials.
- 5. These wordsare usually learned in first and second grade; students who learn these words have a good base for beginning reading. The number of words recognized is the basis for assigning his/her equivalent reading level. The scale is as follows: NUMBER OF DOLCH WORDS ESTIMATED READING LEVEL RECOGNIZED 0 – 75 Pre-primer 76 – 120 Primer 121 – 170 1st Year 171 – 210 2nd Year Above 210 3rd Year+
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- 9. Ehri's Four Phasesof Development in Sight Word 1. Pre-Alphabetic Phase Beginners connect visual attributes of the word & its letters to pronunciations & meaning of the word. For most students, this first phase occurs through paired associates learning. As such, the cue is paired with the pronounced word & stored in long-term memory, rather than learning letters with their associated letter sounds.
- 10. 2. Partial AlphabeticPhase Children begin to learn that certain letters are associated with letter sounds. Children begin to use phonological awareness skills to associate certain letters in the word to pronounce the word. They would use partial cues because they had not yet mastered all phonemes & graphemes.
- 11. 3. Full AlphabeticPhase Children become more proficient with letters in words & their associated phonemes. As children encounter familiar & new words, they are able to apply their phonological awareness skills to segment the word into letter sounds & blend these sounds back together to pronounce the word. They can correctly discern between similarly spelled words.
- 12. 4. Consolidated AlphabeticPhase Children are able to pronounce words by recalling word parts or letter patterns. They use their knowledge of word parts when they encounter multisyllabic words in their reading. Spelling becomes part of the reading process. Research has confirmed that spelling instruction improves students' abilities to read & decode words.
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- 14. Phonetics is abranch of linguistics that comprises the study of the sounds of human speech, or—in the case of sign languages—the equivalent aspects of sign Phonetic Analysis - is based on the traditional classification of speech sounds using the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). - also called phonics, is the study of sound- symbol or phoneme-grapheme relationships. - Sounding out words by separating a larger word into the smaller sounds (both vowel and consonant sounds and blends) that make it up.
- 15. CLASSIFICATION EXAMPLES AS IN... Stops peak,bush, pad Nasals ham, new, knack Frictions zoo, off, push Front Vowels eat, sit, back Dipthongs cow, far, like
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