Introduction to Grails Framework
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The document provides an overview of the Grails framework, which integrates Groovy, Spring, and Hibernate to create web applications using the Model-View-Controller (MVC) architecture. It covers Groovy's features, Grails' plugin architecture, application structure, and examples of controllers and domain models. Additionally, it highlights command-line tools and custom configurations for database connections and other settings in Grails development.
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![Groovy ClasspublicclassHelloWorld {privateString name;publicvoidsetName(String name) {this.name = name; }publicStringgetName() {return name; }publicStringgreet() {return"Hello "+ name; }publicstaticvoidmain(String[] args) {HelloWorldhelloWorld=newHelloWorld();helloWorld.setName("Groovy");System.out.println(helloWorld.greet()); }}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/grails-ptjug-100319174247-phpapp02/85/Introduction-to-Grails-Framework-13-320.jpg)
Introduction to Grails Framework
- 1. Miguel PingIntroduction to Grails Framework18/03/2010
- 2. Small Introduction on Groovy
- 3. Grails
- 4. Grails = Groovy on (G)Rails
- 6. Powered by Spring and Hibernate
- 8. View Layer
- 9. Controllers
- 10. DemoAgenda
- 11. Groovy+=
- 12. Java ClasspublicclassHelloWorld {privateString name;publicvoidsetName(String name) {this.name = name; }publicStringgetName() {return name; }publicStringgreet() {return"Hello "+ name; }publicstaticvoidmain(String[] args) {HelloWorldhelloWorld=newHelloWorld();helloWorld.setName("Groovy");System.out.println(helloWorld.greet()); }}
- 13. Groovy ClasspublicclassHelloWorld {privateString name;publicvoidsetName(String name) {this.name = name; }publicStringgetName() {return name; }publicStringgreet() {return"Hello "+ name; }publicstaticvoidmain(String[] args) {HelloWorldhelloWorld=newHelloWorld();helloWorld.setName("Groovy");System.out.println(helloWorld.greet()); }}
- 14. Multiple classes per file, or even no classes at all (scripts)
- 15. Public unless defined otherwise
- 16. Getters and Setters by default
- 19. Type declarations are optional
- 20. Return keyword is optionalGroovy Featuresclass HelloWorld {def namedefgreet() { "Hello ${name}" }}helloWorld =newHelloWorld(name: "Groovy")println helloWorld.greet()
- 21. Dynamic language (everything happens at runtime)
- 22. Dynamically typed (types are “optional”)
- 23. Closures
- 24. Anonymous Inner Classes (recently)
- 26. Hence, MetaClasses and all the magic
- 27. Compiles down to bytecode
- 28. Excellent Java Interop (Groovy can call Java and vice-versa)
- 29. Lots of synthatic sugar
- 30. person?.address
- 31. def a = b ?:cGroovy Definition
- 32. Grails+=
- 33. Spring framework released in 2003
- 34. SpringSource founded in 2004
- 35. G2One (The Groovy Grails Company) founded in 2007 by the Groovy and Grails project leads
- 36. November 2008: G2One was acquired by SpringSource
- 37. August 2009: SpringSource was acquired by VMware for $420m
- 38. SpringSource is now a division of VMware Overview
- 39. Grails is Groovy + Spring + Hibernate + Some nice stuff
- 40. Heavily inspired on Rails framework
- 41. But takes advantage of Java technology like Spring and servlets
- 42. It means good Java (platform) integration
- 43. Produces .war artifacts deployable in any servlet container
- 44. Has some command-line scripts to ease the pain
- 45. > grails generate-all MyClass
- 46. > grails test-app -integration
- 47. Has a plugin architecture
- 48. > grails install-plugin jqueryOverview
- 49. Grails is a Full StackGroovyGrailsSitemeshPluginsHibernateOther LibrariesSpringJava Virtual Machine / JDK
- 50. Application structuregrails-appTop level source folder with Grails artifacts
- 57. viewsGroovy Server Pages (GSP)
- 61. groovyOther Groovy project sources
- 62. javaOther Java project sources
- 64. testUnit, Integration and Functional testsPOGO – Plain Old Groovy Objects
- 65. Plus a DSL for domain constraints
- 67. relationships
- 69. max, min, blank, nullable, ... , custom
- 72. DB operations
- 73. CRUD: save(), delete(), ...
- 74. Dynamic Finders
- 76. Example of a Modelclass Book {static belongsTo = [author: Author] //no ID declarationString titleString isbnBigDecimal priceDate dateCreatedDate lastUpdated //CallbacksdefbeforeInsert() { dateCreated =newDate() //not really necessary } // DSL for constraintsstatic constraints = { title(blank: false, maxSize: 100) isbn(blank: false, matches: "[0-9]{13}", minSize: 13, maxSize: 13, unique: true) price(nullable: true, min: 0.0, max: 9999.99, scale: 2) }// DSL for database mappingstatic mapping = { table "books" price column: "sales_price" }}A lot like JSPs
- 77. Taglib
- 78. Pagination, i18n, ajax, page navigation
- 79. Hyperlinks
- 80. <g:link controller=“<controller>” action=“<action>” params=“<params>”>Controller is the controller name
- 81. Action is the closure name
- 82. Params are available in the controller’s closure
- 83. etc (including custom taglibs)
- 86. g:render
- 88. Views - TaglibsLogic and Iteration <g:if><g:else><g:elsif><g:each><g:while>
- 89. Links and Resources <g:link action="show" id="${currentBook.id}">${currentBook.name}</g:link><g:link controller="book" action="list">BookList</g:link>Forms and Fields<g:textField name="title" value="${bookInstance.title}"/><g:select name="author.id" from="${Author.list()}" value="${book.author.id}"/><g:datePicker name="publishDate" value="${bookInstance.publishDate}"/>Do Your Ownclass SimpleTagLib {static namespace ="auth"def isAdmin = { attrs, body ->if (attrs.user.admin) out << body() }}<auth:isAdmin user="${session.user}">// some restricted content</auth:isAdmin>
- 90. Example of a GSPEmbedded Groovy code<html><body><% [1, 2, 3, 4].each { num ->if (num >2) { %><p><%="Hello ${num}!"%></p><% } } %></body></html>With Tag Libraries<html><body><g:each in="${[1, 2, 3, 4]}" var="num"><g:if test="${num > 2}"><p>Number ${num}</p></g:if></g:each></body></html>
- 91. Handle the web request
- 92. Grails is action-first, it means the controller runs before the view
- 94. Can hook up with another beans through Spring DI
- 95. Idiomparams variableholds request parametersrender
- 96. redirect,
- 97. return [beanName: bean]returns some data to the viewControllers
- 98. Example of a Controllerclass BookController { //will match http://myApp:8080/book/static allowedMethods = [save: "POST", update: "POST", delete: "POST"]// default actiondef index = { redirect(action: "list", params: params) }def list = {//by default, we go to the “list.gsp” [bookInstanceList: Book.list(params), bookInstanceTotal: Book.count()] }defedit = { //params is a Map with an ‘id’ keydef bookInstance =Book.get(params.id)return [bookInstance: bookInstance] }def save = {def bookInstance =newBook(params)if (bookInstance.save()) { redirect(action: "show", id: bookInstance.id) }else { render(view: "create", model: [bookInstance: bookInstance]) } }Spring glues everythingSpring IoC / DIWe can write custom beans and wire everything togetherSpring MVCSpring TransactionsSpring i18nSpring Glue
- 99. Lots and lots of them
- 100. Spring Security / Acegi
- 101. RIA/AJAX: RichUI & GrailsUI
- 102. Testing (eg: Canoo, EasyB, etc)
- 103. Debugging plugins (eg: simple dashboard)
- 104. Optimization plugins (eg: js minifier)
- 105. Deployment plugins (eg: google-app-engine, amazon)
- 106. Other
- 107. Multi-tenant
- 108. Paypal
- 109. Openid
- 110. SpringWS
- 111. GWTPlugins
- 112. 2 classesConstraintsRelationsScaffoldingDynamic FindersViewSome GSP navigationControllersCRUDAJAXTest Drive
- 113. Questions
- 114. grails create-app [app name]
- 115. grails create-controller [controller name]
- 116. grails create-domain-class [class name]
- 117. grails create-service [service name]
- 118. grails create-unit-test [test name]
- 119. grails create-tag-lib [taglib name]
- 120. grails generate-all [class name]
- 121. grails generate-views [class name]Command line scripts - development
- 122. grails clean
- 123. grails compile
- 124. grails console
- 125. grails doc
- 127. grails run-app
- 128. grails warCommand line scripts - lifecycle
- 130. Database connections
- 132. Routing
- 134. Bootstrap file
- 135. conf/Config.groovy
- 136. Configurations (MIME mappings, more…)Important Files
- 137. LessThan
- 138. LessThanEquals
- 139. GreaterThan
- 140. GreaterThanEquals
- 141. Between
- 142. Like
- 144. IsNotNull
- 145. IsNull
- 146. Not
- 147. Equal
- 148. NotEqual
- 149. And
- 150. OrDynamic Finders
Editor's Notes
- #5: Similarities to Jboss SeamWe can see by this slide the commands syntax
- #6: Some constraints are mapped to DB constraints, although when removing a constraint grails do not remove the correspondent db constraint.
- #7: Intro to taglib, grails style. Mapping to closure. Almost no need for code in gsp.
- #8: Explain that Grails is Action-First
- #9: Talk about maturity
- #10: Faltou falar de: Ambientes, Testes, Scripts, GORM criteria, DSL para beans spring, Plugin Migrações
- #11: Configuration Files